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Azuma K Ippoushi K Ito H Higashio H Terao J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(6):1706-1712
The effects of lipids, emulsifiers, and ethanol on the absorption of orally administered quercetin in rats were investigated for its efficient intestinal absorption. Rats were administered 150 micromol/kg quercetin in water supplemented with lipids and/or emulsifiers, or ethanol, and blood was collected from the tail for 6 h after administration. Co-administration of lipids such as lecithin and soybean oil or emulsifiers including sucrose fatty acid ester, polyglycerol fatty acid ester, and sodium taurocholate had no statistically significant effects on quercetin absorption, although these constituents rather increased the accumulation of conjugated forms of quercetin and those of isorhamnetin in rat plasma. However, the combination of lipids and emulsifiers enhanced the absorption of quercetin significantly. Thirty and fifty percent (v/v) of the ethanol in the vehicle raised the efficiency of quercetin absorption in a concentration-dependent manner. Quercetin absorption-enhancing effects of these constituents seemed to be affected by quercetin's solubility in respective vehicles used for the administration. Ethanol is not helpful for the effective absorption of quercetin, as a high concentration is required. In conclusion, a combination of lipids and emulsifiers is necessary for enhancing quercetin absorption. 相似文献
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Junji Nishikawa Takao Kobayashi Kazuto Shirata Takashi Chibana Keiko T. Natsuaki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(5):305-313
We isolated 629 fungi from 1296 berry seeds of solanaceous plants, including tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), eggplant (Solanum melongena), bell pepper (Capsicum annuum), and red pepper (Capsicum annuum var. annuum) preserved for long and short terms. The isolates were classified into 22 genera excluding unidentified fungi, and the fungal
floras were divided into two types: the tomato–eggplant and pepper groups. The results of cluster analysis with unweighted
pair-group method with arithmetic average also supported these groups. Most tomato seeds infested with Geotrichum candidum germinated and grew the same as uninfested seeds. Cladosporium sphaerospermum and Arthrinium sp. isolated from eggplant seeds strongly suppressed germination, and Penicillium variabile suppressed seminal root elongation on eggplant. Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, and Myrothecium verrucaria detected from red pepper or bell pepper seeds were pathogenic to the fruits and the seedlings after artificial inoculation. 相似文献
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Production of inter-section hybrids between Primula filchnerae and P. sinensis through ovule culture
Inter-section hybrids were obtained in the reciprocal crosses between Primula filchnerae (2n = 2x = 24) of Sect. Pinnatae and P. sinensis ‘Fanfare’ (2n = 2x = 24) of Sect. Auganthus by rescuing ovules on half-strength (1/2) Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 50 g l−1 sucrose, 2.5 g l−1 gellan gum, 0.1 mg l−1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 0.1 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 50 mg l−1 gibberellic acid (GA3). In ovule culture, germination occurred with radicle elongation but no plumule was observed. The radicle kept on the initial medium showed root proliferation with callus formation. When the calluses were transferred to (1/2)MS media containing 30 g l−1 sucrose and 3 g l−1 gellan gum, without plant growth regulators (PGRs) or with 1 mg l−1 zeatin and 0.1 mg l−1 NAA, plantlets were regenerated. The plants thus obtained were confirmed to be hybrids through flow cytometry (FCM) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses. The hybrid obtained when P. filchnerae was used as the maternal parent was diploid, whereas hexaploid hybrid was obtained when using P. sinensis as the maternal parent. The hexaploid hybrid might be produced through chromosome doubling of a triploid originated from the fertilization of P. sinensis with unreduced pollen of P. filchnerae. 相似文献
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采用水蒸气蒸馏法从柠檬叶中提取挥发油中的油相成分,进一步以乙醚为溶剂从蒸馏馏出液中萃取挥发油中的水溶性物质;利用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)表征了二者的化学成分,根据气相色谱峰面积归一化法进行定量.通过表征和分析比较得到:柠檬叶挥发油油相成分得率为0.33%(以鲜叶计),确定了其中的30种成分,占油相成分总量的96.35%,其主要成分为d-柠檬烯(29.91%),其后依次为β-蒎烯(20.37%)、香茅醛(18.52%)、桧烯(5.74%).柠檬叶水溶性成分得率为0.03%(以鲜叶计),确定了其中的30种成分,占水相成分总量的97.94%,其主要成分为d-柠檬烯(30.33%)、香茅醛(21.88%)、β-蒎烯(19.83%)、桧烯(6.49%). 相似文献
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用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的热灭活全菌和热酚—水抽提脂多糖抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,取脾脏淋巴细胞与SP_2/O细胞融合,获得稳定分泌抗沙门氏菌O_4和O_(12)抗原的特异单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系7个,分别命名为AG24-1、AG90-5、BG1-8、BG17-12、BG66-10、BG78-15、EG19-11。小鼠腹水中的单抗直接凝集滴度为10~2-10~4,间接免疫荧光滴度为10~3-10~6。与沙门氏菌和肠杆菌科中其他细菌的反应性试验表明,BG78-15是O_(12)因子特异单抗,其他6种为对O_4因子的特异单抗。 相似文献
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用热酚—水法提取沙门氏菌脂多糖(LPS),经pH8.0热处理后,致敏醛化的绵羊红血球,建立了一种快速检测抗沙门氏菌O抗原单克隆抗体的微量间接血凝试验。用致敏血球在96孔V型血凝板上与杂交瘤培养上清作凝集试验,数秒钟即能判定结果。本试验具有快速的特点,且有一定的敏感性。 相似文献