青稞粮草双高新品种藏青27的选育与栽培技术

选育粮草双高型青稞新品种,既是西藏自治区粮食安全保障的要求,也是种植区农户种养结构改善的需要。藏青27以中晚熟高秆大粒丰产型新品种藏青320为母本,用中熟中秆大穗多粒的美国大麦品种做父本杂交,1987年形成杂交组合,2016年通过西藏自治区作物品种审定后推广。该品种在西藏全区多点生产比较示范中,平均产量为326.7 kg/667 m~2,比对照喜拉19号增产15.8%,丰产性较好。本文从选育过程、不同海拔种植地的播种期、播种管理、栽培等方面进行了阐述,以期为该品种的大面积推广提供参考。     

奶牛繁殖疾病的调控

本文综述了奶牛繁殖疾病的发病原因和调控措施，分析认为奶牛的营养状况是影响奶牛繁殖力的重要因素。理想的奶牛管理应做到整个泌乳期始终监测奶牛的体况和奶牛日粮中微量元素的维生素的含量，避免营养素的不平衡而引发的奶牛繁殖障碍，同时应避免奶牛过肥或过瘦。适当补充某些维生素和矿物质十分重要。     

乳酸菌与中药合生元对肉鸡生长性能及饲料利用率的影响

本试验分别向肉仔鸡日粮中添加等量的抗生素和乳酸菌与中药合生元制剂,通过测定肉仔鸡的各项生长指标和饲料利用率指标,探讨乳酸菌与中药合生元在肉鸡生长和饲料利用率方面替代抗生素的优势.结果表明,试验组与对照组在生长性能和饲料利用率上各指标均差异不显著（P〉0.05）,说明乳酸菌与中药合生元可以替代抗生素饲喂给肉仔鸡.     

and laminin on adhesion and proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell

AIM:To explore the effects of PMA(phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, a tumor promoter, mimicking the action of diacylglycerol on PKC)and laminin on the adhesion and the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and provide a new clue to liver cancer treatment.METHODS:Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line(BEL-7402)was used to identify the endogenous laminin and protein kinase C-α(PKC-α) expression, and the effects of laminin and PMA on the adhesion and the proliferation were also investigatedin vitro.RESULTS:By the effect of exogenous laminin, human hepatocellular carcinoma cell (BEL-7402) possessed endogenous laminin expression and increased the adhesion and the proliferation, which was showed the synergistic action by the effect of PMA in combination. By the action of PMA alone, the proliferation and the PKC-α expression increased by exogenous laminin were decreased, and the adhesion and the endogenous laminin expression were increased.CONCLUSIONS:The finding suggested that the adhesion and the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell were closely related to the effects of endogenous or exogenous laminin, which were associated with cPKC-α activity. Therefore, the application of anti-laminin antibody in combination with PKC antagonist might be a new clue to find out the therapy for liver cancer.     

酯酶同工酶在食用菌菌种选育中的应用研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 ,分析了不同培养时间和不同培养基种类对平菇、杏鲍菇、白灵菇酯酶同工酶的影响 ,结果表明在不同培养时间和不同培养基条件下 ,酯酶同工酶酶谱的酶带呈现不同的多态性 ,由此提示同工酶在食用菌菌种选育的应用上应固定最佳培养时间及最适培养基种类 ,并在所有操作条件一致的情况下 ,才能得到稳定准确的分析结果     

Chloride channels of platelets

Chloride channels distribute widely in the body, and participate in many physiological actions and regulatory processes. Based on their physiological roles and molecular structures, six kinds of chloride channels have been identified: (1) The chloride channels family; (2) Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; (3) Swelling-activated chloride channels; (4) Calcium-activated chloride channels; (5) The p64 (CLIC) gene family; (6) γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine receptors. The chloride channels do exist in platelets, and their appearances are dependent on the presence of intracellular calcium. Blocking agents of chloride channels inhibit the thrombin-activated platelet aggregation and the elevation of the intracellular calcium concentration in a dose-dependent manner. It is suggested that chloride channels play a role in the activation of platelets. In addition, chloride channels act on both the cell volume regulation and the intracellular pH regulation in platelets.     

三元杂交牛12和18月龄肉用性能研究

选择健康无病、发育正常、膘情中等的夏洛来×西门塔尔×本地牛(夏西本)、皮埃蒙特×西门塔尔×本地牛(皮西本)、利木赞×西门塔尔×本地牛(利西本)、西门塔尔×西门塔尔×本地牛(西杂二代)各10头,从6月龄开始育肥,测定其增重、饲料消耗及其12和18月龄的屠宰成绩。结果表明:平均日增重以皮西本、利西本较高,分别为0.96kg、0.90kg,并与西杂二代差异显著(P<0.05);饲料消耗以皮西本较少,每kg增重消耗精、粗饲料分别为4.03kg和5.98kg。以皮西本和利西本2个杂交组合的屠宰成绩较好,18月龄屠宰率分别为61.50%、61.17%,净肉率分别为52.59%、49.21%。各组试验牛的高档肉块比例随着年龄的增长相应增加。     

‘越心’草莓组培突变体着色差异的分子机理初探

初步探讨了在‘越心’草莓(Fragaria×ananassa‘Yuexin’)茎尖离体培养再生植株中发现的稳定变异突变体着色差异的分子机理。分析结果显示,突变体与‘越心’在植株形态、始花期、始果期、始熟期、单果质量、平均株产、果形、风味等方面均无明显差异;而突变体外果皮色泽较淡,L*值较高,a*值较低,H色度角值较大,颜色指数CIRG显著小,且果肉不着色(‘越心’果肉红色)。突变体果实总花青苷含量为‘越心’的13.2%,其中以天竺葵素–3–O–葡萄糖苷(Pg3G)含量差异最大,突变体Pg3G含量仅为‘越心’的12.9%。花青苷合成途径结构基因FaF3H、FaCHS、FaDFR、FaANS、FaCHI、Fa3GT的表达水平在突变体中显著降低,这可能是突变体成熟果实花青苷水平显著低于‘越心’的直接原因。FaMYB10和FaMYB1在突变体中的表达水平显著下降,且FaMYB10在几个主成分中的特征向量绝对值均显著较高,进一步证实了MYB10是草莓成熟过程中花青苷合成的类黄酮或苯丙烷类化合物途径主要调节因子之一。提取叶片基因组DNA进行基于KASP标记的基因分型结果显示,74对KASP引物在‘...     

豆粕对乌鳢肠道菌群组成及微生物氨基酸代谢酶活性的影响

为研究豆粕替代鱼粉对乌鳢生长、肠道菌群组成和微生物相关氨基酸代谢酶活性的影响,分别用豆粕替代0、25%、50%和75%的鱼粉配制4组等氮等能的饲料饲喂初始体质量为(8.65±0.25) g的幼鱼(分别命名为G1、G2、G3和G4组),养殖实验在室内纤维玻璃钢桶中进行,实验周期为21 d。结果显示,各组间幼鱼成活率无显著性差异;G4组乌鳢幼鱼的生长性能显著低于G1和G2组,而G3组幼鱼生长性能与其余3组差异不显著。厚壁菌门在G1和G2组乌鳢肠道中的比例显著高于G3组,且在G4组中的比例最低;变形菌门在G1和G2组中的比例显著低于G3和G4组;G4组中乳球菌属、杆菌属、假单胞菌属、链球菌属、芽孢杆菌属和不动杆菌属的比例显著低于其余3组。另外,G4组幼鱼肠道微生物谷丙转氨酶、腺苷脱氨酶活性显著高于其余3组,而G1组乳酸脱氢酶的活性最高。研究表明,豆粕替代鱼粉除了对乌鳢幼鱼的生长产生影响外,也显著影响了肠道微生物组成及微生物相关氨基酸代谢酶的活性,本研究结果对于从微生态角度进一步理解豆粕在乌鳢配合饲料中的应用提供了理论依据和参考。     

Taqman探针实时定量PCR检测猪伪狂犬病毒

选取猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)基因组中gE基因,设计特异性引物和Taqman探针,利用实时定量PCR来定量检测PRV.利用PCR技术扩增猪伪狂犬病毒gE基因80 bp片段,并克隆到pMD18-T载体上,阳性重组质粒命名为pgE80.pgE80质粒进行10倍系列稀释,作为荧光PCR检测的标准模板,定量拷贝数,并绘制标准曲线.以提取的PRV、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合症病毒(PRRSV)和传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)的DNA作为模板,进行特异性检测.该实时定量PCR方法,标准曲线斜率为-0.37,R2=0.992,可以检测到20个拷贝数.PRV能被扩增出S型荧光曲线,而其它病毒均未能扩出.用PRV强毒肌肉注射仔猪,定量PCR比普通PCR更能灵敏而特异地检出呼吸道排毒和血液带毒.建立的实时定量PCR方法可用于临床样品快捷、准确、方便地检测.