Effects of three methionine sources in diets on temporal B0AT1 and ASCT2 mRNA expression in different intestinal segments of cobia,Rachycentron canadum

A 4‐week feeding trial was conducted using five groups of hybrid grouper (61.15 ± 0.15 g) to explore the potential effects of three methionine (Met) sources. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated that included a fishmeal (FM) diet; nonsupplemented (NS) diet; or NS diets with the addition of the L‐methionine (L‐Met), DL‐methionine (DL‐Met), or coated Met (Co‐Met) to obtain the same Met level as the FM diet. Fish were randomly distributed into sea cages (30 fish per cage). Weight gain and specific growth rate in the DL‐Met group and FM group were significantly higher than those in all other groups (p < .05). In the proximal and distal intestines, of the 20 gene and time combinations (10 per gene), there were 14 combinations (70%) in which there were no significant differences in gene expression levels between the FM and DL‐Met groups (p > .05). The main reason for the same growth effect between the DL‐Met and FM groups may be attributed to the synchronized absorption at most time points after feeding, which had similar expression patterns of B⁰AT1 and ASCT2 of the proximal and distal intestines between two groups.     

何刚德《抚郡农产考略》农业经济思想初探

《抚郡农产考略》是清末江西有代表性的农学著作,不仅保存有抚州地区大量农产种类、栽培与加工技术等资料,还包含了大量的商品经济信息。作者何刚德已经认识到自给自足的自然经济会对生产有束缚作用,他在记载各类农产品时,提出“价值”的概念且用货币价格对其衡量,并深入揭示了农产品上市时间、供求、地理、交通条件等因素对价格的影响,进而寻求增值之道。何氏提倡多种经营,大力种植棉花、烟叶等经济作物,发挥柑橘、甘蔗等名优特产优势,促进农业的商品化生产。他还建议通过深加工的方式获取更高利润,并对未能引进西方的先进加工技术而感到惋惜。《抚郡农产考略》体现了中国近代官僚知识分子对农业经济转型的探索,具有重要的历史价值与现实意义。     

微生态制剂对葡萄抗病能力及果实品质的影响

以云南、四川主栽的4个葡萄品种为试材,在常规用药方式基础上辅以微生态制剂,测定其对葡萄酸腐病和黑曲霉病防控效果及对果实品质的影响,以期为有效防控葡萄酸腐病和黑曲霉病的发生,解决生产实践中的具体问题提供科学参考依据。结果表明:微生态制剂能提高葡萄果粒大小和百粒质量,同时增加糖酸比。在传统用药基础上使用绿康威,对葡萄酸腐病和黑曲霉病的防效最佳,分别达52.3%和42.4%;在传统用药基础上使用绿地康3号,其防效为31.3%和21.9%,均表现出良好的防效;前期使用化学药剂,后期单独使用微生态制剂对酸腐病的防效不太明显。     

优质国审棉品种——ZHM19

概述了ZHM19的选育过程、特征特性、产量、纤维品质和抗病性等特点及主要栽培技术措施。     

Effect of chlorogenic acid on intestinal inflammation,antioxidant status,and microbial community of young hens challenged with acute heat stress

Heat stress in poultry is deleterious to productive performance. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) exerts antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplemental CGA on the intestinal health and cecal microbiota composition of young hens challenged with acute heat stress. 100-day-old Hy-line brown pullets were randomly divided into four groups. The control group (C) and heat stress group (HS) received a basal diet. HS + CGA₃₀₀ group and HS + CGA₆₀₀ group received a basal diet supplemented with 300- and 600-mg/kg CGA, respectively, for 2 weeks before heat stress exposure. Pullets of HS, HS + CGA₃₀₀, and HS + CGA₆₀₀ group were exposed to 38°C for 4 h while the control group was maintained at 25°C. In this study, dietary CGA supplementation had effect on mitigate the decreased T-AOC and T-SOD activities and the increasing of IL-1β and TNFα induced by acute heat stress. Dietary supplementation with 600 mg/kg CGA had better effect on increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial genera, such as Rikenellaceae RC9_gut_group, Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, and Christensenellaceae R-7_group, and deceasing bacteria genera involved in inflammation, such as Sutterella species. Therefore, CGA can ameliorate acute heat stress damage through suppressing inflammation and improved antioxidant capacity and cecal microbiota composition.     

磷供应水平对盆花月季'仙境'生长和品质的影响

以盆花月季'仙境'为试材,采用根部浇灌方式,设置0(P0)、10 (P10)、20(P20)、30(P30)g·柱-14个磷供应水平,研究了磷水平对盆花月季'仙境'根系生长、不同器官氮磷养分吸收、叶片SPAD值以及开花品质(花朵数量、花径、花朵干质量等)的影响,以期为月季养分管理提供参考依据.结果 表明:磷不同供应水平明显改变了'仙境'的根系形态,P20和P30处理较P0和P10处理,总根长增加了81％～111％,总根表面积扩大了133％～196％,细根总长度增加了95％～119％.植株不同器官(新生叶片、新生枝条和根系)生物量和氮、磷养分积累量表现出与根系生长类似的趋势.与P0和P10处理相比,P20和P30处理单株花朵数量增加128％～206％,叶片SPAD值增加16％～21％.与对照P0相比,P10、P20和P30花径分别增加12％、19％和24％.植株总根长与总氮和总磷吸收量表现出显著的正相关关系.综上所述,盆花月季'仙境'对不同磷供应水平表现出高度的根形态可塑性,适宜的磷供应水平促进根系生长和养分吸收,提高开花数量和品质.     

芫花萜药膜中止早,中孕412例效果分析

芫花萜膜终止早中孕４１２例临床观察的结果表明，对孕１２～１６周的流产成功率为９０．８％，给药至排胎平均时间为２３．４６±１０．３２小时，产时、产后失血平均分别为７１．８７±３３．５６ｍｌ和４５．１７±２０．５８ｍｌ。整个流产过程宫缩缓和，极少强直性宫缩，节律良好，痛苦少，类似正常分娩过程，可作为终止１２～１６周妊娠可供选择的一种有效方法。     

徐光启的水利思想

明末著名的政治家、科学家徐光启十分重视我国的水利事业，积极钻研水利科技。文章从主导观点、地区治水、水利科技、水资源利用等多方面探讨他的丰富水利思想，这些思想至今仍具有现实意义。     

水稻畦式好气栽培法试验

以传统栽培为对照,研究畦式好气栽培对水稻根系、群体消长、产量构成因素及产量的影响。结果表明,畦式好气栽培显著提高了整个生育期水稻根系的生物量,与传统栽培相比,增幅达5.46%－11.18%;显著增加了抽穗后10cm以下土层的根系比例和根系活力,提高了根冠比,促进了水稻分蘖的发生,显著提高了水稻有效穗数、结实率和产量,每公顷可比传统栽培增产稻谷637.5kg,增产9.48%。     

犬瘟热的微生物学诊断研究

对临床诊断为犬瘟热的１４例病犬，取其脑组织，运用细胞培养、合胞体检查、包涵体检查、免疫荧光试验、电镜观察等５种检测方法，就犬瘟热的微生物学诊断进行了系统的研究。结果表明，犬脑组织块与猫胚（ＦＥ）细胞或非洲绿猴肾（Ｖｅｒｏ）细胞共同培养，盲传的培养物出现不稳定的细胞病变，通过对不同代次的培养物检查包涵体，并作超薄切片或负染，电镜观察犬瘟热病毒（ＣＤＶ）粒子，证实分离到ＣＤＶ野毒。病犬脑组织切片经ＨＥ染色检查包涵体及用ＣＤＶ荧光抗体直接法检测脑抹片及接种犬脑的细胞培养物，均获得一定的阳性结果。建立的改良离子捕获电镜法，用于检测犬脑匀浆和犬脑接种细胞培养物，与离子捕获电镜法、免疫电镜法及直接电镜法相比，效果更为理想。１４例临床诊断为犬瘟热的病犬，综合运用上述微生物学手段检测，结果为１２例阳性，２例疑似。