Effects of three methionine sources in diets on temporal B0AT1 and ASCT2 mRNA expression in different intestinal segments of cobia,Rachycentron canadum

A 4‐week feeding trial was conducted using five groups of hybrid grouper (61.15 ± 0.15 g) to explore the potential effects of three methionine (Met) sources. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated that included a fishmeal (FM) diet; nonsupplemented (NS) diet; or NS diets with the addition of the L‐methionine (L‐Met), DL‐methionine (DL‐Met), or coated Met (Co‐Met) to obtain the same Met level as the FM diet. Fish were randomly distributed into sea cages (30 fish per cage). Weight gain and specific growth rate in the DL‐Met group and FM group were significantly higher than those in all other groups (p < .05). In the proximal and distal intestines, of the 20 gene and time combinations (10 per gene), there were 14 combinations (70%) in which there were no significant differences in gene expression levels between the FM and DL‐Met groups (p > .05). The main reason for the same growth effect between the DL‐Met and FM groups may be attributed to the synchronized absorption at most time points after feeding, which had similar expression patterns of B⁰AT1 and ASCT2 of the proximal and distal intestines between two groups.     

何刚德《抚郡农产考略》农业经济思想初探

《抚郡农产考略》是清末江西有代表性的农学著作,不仅保存有抚州地区大量农产种类、栽培与加工技术等资料,还包含了大量的商品经济信息。作者何刚德已经认识到自给自足的自然经济会对生产有束缚作用,他在记载各类农产品时,提出“价值”的概念且用货币价格对其衡量,并深入揭示了农产品上市时间、供求、地理、交通条件等因素对价格的影响,进而寻求增值之道。何氏提倡多种经营,大力种植棉花、烟叶等经济作物,发挥柑橘、甘蔗等名优特产优势,促进农业的商品化生产。他还建议通过深加工的方式获取更高利润,并对未能引进西方的先进加工技术而感到惋惜。《抚郡农产考略》体现了中国近代官僚知识分子对农业经济转型的探索,具有重要的历史价值与现实意义。     

北方高寒地区“高效、节能、智能”新型猪场建设

文章所述猪场地处内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市，属我国高寒地区。该猪场运用“种养结合”模式，将低碳环保养殖和绿色有机农业进行有机结合，将猪场产生的猪粪尿全部发酵成为有机肥，为农田提供肥料；农田产出无公害有机饲料再喂养猪只，实现生态农牧业可持续健康发展。低碳环保则指猪舍冬天利用猪群自身余热取暖，替代锅炉，实现低能耗。与传统猪场相比，该猪场更加注重节约资源、节省人工。运用自动清粪模式代替水冲，避免大量污水产生；舍内废气经过净化处理排出舍外，避免氨氮废气等污染环境。     

基于微信公众号构建“形势与政策”课高效互动平台

新媒体在挑战传统“形势与政策”课教学效果的同时，也为其教学改革提供了丰富的手段和机遇。微信公众号作为新媒体的强势代表，为改进“形势与政策”课教学互动，构建高效互动平台提供了可能性与优越性，能够有效改进“形势与政策”课形式大于内容的现状，其内生的互动活力、活泼多样的互动形式、符合学生话语特点的交流方式，在一定程度上可以破除学生参与课程互动的惰性和抵触心理，保护瞬间即逝的学习积极性，其三大功能还有助于实现课程教学中一对多、一对一和多对多的教育和引导。而优秀推送内容的编排和高效互动平台的构建，都应当以专业性更强的教研室为中心。     

我国社会救助管理服务体系建设研究

我国社会救助体系不断完善的过程中涉及主体更多元、方式更多样。当前社会救助面临相关部门和组织多、信息复杂、经办分散、分类精准施救难度大等问题。基于我国社会救助模式的合理价值选择，提出管理服务体系建设的重要意义。进而分析社会救助在管理服务上面临的挑战和难题，从组织协调管理、信息网络系统、基层经办机构、社会参与机制四个方面提出构建多层次管理服务体系的思路。力求提高管理服务的效率和效能，促进互助共济社会救助共同体的形成，提升公众满意度，夯实我国民生保障基础。     

Identification and quantification of anthocyanins in different coloured cultivars of ornamental kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC)

Anthocyanins are responsible for the colour of many fruits, vegetables, flowers, and coloured-leaved trees. Ornamental kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC) is widely cultivated for its colourful inner leaves. To investigate the relationship between the degree of colouration and anthocyanin distribution, content, and composition in ornamental kale, the authors studied the pigment characteristics of five cultivars with different coloured leaves (white, pink, red, purple, and purple-black). Microscopy observation, spectrophotometer, and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis of fresh inner leaves revealed that pink, red, and purple colourations were associated with high levels of anthocyanin, while purple-black was the result of the combination of anthocyanins and chlorophyll. In the coloured cultivars, anthocyanins were abundant mainly in the first and second cell layers below the epidermis in both the hypocotyls and inner leaves. No anthocyanin was found in the white-leaved phenotype cultivar. Anthocyanin content increased as leaf colour deepened from pink, red, to purple cultivars, which had little chlorophyll and carotenoid. The authors identified eight anthocyanins in the four coloured cultivars, including one non-acylated, four monoacylated, and three diacylated cyanidin glycosides. Cyanidin-3-(sinapoyl)(feruloyl)-diglucoside-5-glucoside was the most abundant anthocyanin in the four coloured cultivars followed by cyanidin-3-(sinapoyl)-diglucoside-5-glucoside. The analysis of anthocyanin accumulation characterisation provides important information on evaluating colouration patterns in coloured plants, and will be helpful for breeding desired leaf colours in ornamental kale.     

菠萝蜜种子淀粉制备香草兰微胶囊的工艺研究

以菠萝蜜种子淀粉为壁材,采用饱和水溶液法制备香草兰精油微胶囊,以包埋产率为指标,采用响应面分析法对微胶囊的包埋条件进行优化探讨。结果表明:5个单因素中,影响最显著的因素为壁芯材比例、包埋温度和包埋时间。响应面优化得到香草兰精油微胶囊的最佳工艺条件为壁芯材比例为7.5∶1;包埋时间72 min;包埋温度54℃,此条件下的包埋产率为(95.46±0.2)%,包埋率为(76.35±0.6)%,载油量为(27.73±0.3)%。试验证明,此条件结果与模型预测值相吻合,此工艺条件可为菠萝蜜种子淀粉包埋香草兰精油微胶囊工艺提供理论依据。     

微生态制剂对葡萄抗病能力及果实品质的影响

以云南、四川主栽的4个葡萄品种为试材,在常规用药方式基础上辅以微生态制剂,测定其对葡萄酸腐病和黑曲霉病防控效果及对果实品质的影响,以期为有效防控葡萄酸腐病和黑曲霉病的发生,解决生产实践中的具体问题提供科学参考依据。结果表明:微生态制剂能提高葡萄果粒大小和百粒质量,同时增加糖酸比。在传统用药基础上使用绿康威,对葡萄酸腐病和黑曲霉病的防效最佳,分别达52.3%和42.4%;在传统用药基础上使用绿地康3号,其防效为31.3%和21.9%,均表现出良好的防效;前期使用化学药剂,后期单独使用微生态制剂对酸腐病的防效不太明显。     

黑龙江省农产品深加工产业发展现状与对策

黑龙江省的农产品加工体系已经初步形成，但农业发展主要依赖于“原”字号产品。阐述了黑龙省农产品深加工产业建设存在的问题，通过分析制约农产品深加工产业发展的主要原因，从优化种植结构、整合现有资源、拓宽农产品销路以及提高农产品附加值4个方面提出解决对策。旨在做强食品加工业，上调农产品利润空间，通过“大龙头、大链条、大产业、大品牌的高效农业全产业链”促进粗放农产品向高附加值产品的转变，努力实现从产粮大省到农业强省的新跨越。      

基于“一带一路”倡议的中泰渔业协作发展探索

在渔业方面，贯彻落实“一带一路”倡议，实施渔业“走出去，引进来”战略，促进我国水产养殖业和周边国家地区的交流合作，共同推动区域传统渔业向现代渔业转型升级，是现代渔业发展的必然方向。泰国作为“一带一路”之东盟国家，从泰国的渔业资源现状、渔业产业发展、渔业现阶段存在的优势和不足以及中泰渔业协作发展探索等多个方面进行阐述，通过研究泰国渔业现状及探索中泰渔业协作发展之路，提出技术支撑、资源引进、取长补短、共同进步等相对应的策略与建议，为中国-东盟国家在基于“一带一路”倡议的渔业层面战略发展提供样本。