含蜡原油管道蜡沉积研究进展

蜡沉积会减少管道的有效内径，增大输送压力，降低管道的输送能力，增加清管频率，甚至造成蜡堵事故。介绍了国内外有关析蜡的热力学模型、蜡沉积机理及蜡沉积的动力学模型的研究进展状况，提出了一些研究建议。     

固支矩形底扁球壳的边界几何缺陷

In this paper, concept of boundary geometrical imperfection during postbuckling process for shallow spherical shell is first presented. The effects of the declination of the rectangular boundary on postbuckling process are also studied by integrated metho     

林木资源消耗量估测方法的初步研究

本文主要通过应用统计学的有关知识,提出适应南方集体林区木材市场开放新格局的一种估测林木资源消耗量的方法;并将这种方法在沙县进行了实地验证;分析了其可靠程度与经济意义。     

"双链型"草-鹅-稻生态农业模式高产高效配套技术

提出了“双链型”单-鹅-稻生态农业模式，总结了稻田套种牧草的方法和田间管理技术，探讨了种草与养鹅在时间上的相互衔接，以提高牧草的产量和利用率，进行了稻田套种牧草养鹅与种植小麦的比较效益分析。该配套技术的实施，为当前开展农业结构调整开辟了一条新路。     

灌丛草地放牧山羊的牧草适口性与嗜食性及山羊采食率研究

通过对放牧山羊的牧草适口性，嗜食性和采食率及其相互关系的分析，表明山羊放牧对灌丛草地的植物适口性、嗜食性比率和采食率均以灌木嫩枝叶，中禾草和苔草属植物较优。季节性规律为：春季山羊喜哺食灌木嫩枝叶，灌木嗜食性比率较高，采食率也较高，夏季山羊喜草本植物，草本植物的嗜食性比率高于灌木，秋季山羊较喜啃食灌木枝叶，嗜食性比率灌木高于草本植物，采食率低于春季，灌木采食率高于草本植物。     

Effect of gut stress induced by oxidized wheat gluten on the growth performance,gut morphology and oxidative states of broilers

This study was to investigate the effect of oxidized wheat gluten (OG) on growth performance, gut morphology and its oxidative states of broilers. One hundred and eighty‐day‐old male broilers (10 chicks/pen) were randomly allocated into three dietary treatments: control diet (CON), diet with 8% wheat gluten (WG) and diet with 8% OG with six pens/treatment. Body weight (BW) (21 and 35 days) and average daily gain (ADG) (1–21 days and 22–35 days) decreased (p < .05) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1–21 days and 22–35 days) increased (p < .05) in OG treatment. Feed intake (FI) decreased (p < .05) in WG and OG treatments during 22–35 days. However, FI was not influenced by dietary treatments during 1–21 days (p > .05). The OG‐fed broilers had a lower faecal pH value (p < .05) and higher faecal moisture content (p < 05) at 14, 21, 28 and 35 days. Villus height, crypt depth and V/C value were not different (p > .05) among treatments at 21 and 35 days. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) (21 and 35 days) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (35 days) content in crop of OG treatment increased (p < .05). Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (21 days), LPO (21 and 35 days) and MDA (21 and 35 days) content in ileum of OG treatment increased (p < .05). The reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) (21 days) and (GSH) (35 days) in ileum of OG treatment decreased (p < .05). The present findings indicate that OG might be a stressor for broiler gut, which could induce oxidative stress both in crop and in ileum, and the diarrhoea as well. The growth performance of broiler was consequently depressed.     

土壤分析试剂量估算系统的设计与开发

通过对土壤试剂量估算过程中所涉及的土壤指标、试剂和药品等知识的分析和研究,利用计算机技术,开发了基于网络化的网络决策系统。阐述了土壤试剂量估算系统的体系结构,并对其主要功能模块和其实现进行了描述。     

玉米苗期耐碱性鉴定方法研究

在三叶一心期,用一定浓度梯度的Na2CO3溶液（5～25mmol&#183;L^-1）对玉米幼苗进行胁迫处理,观察其生长情况,7d后测定地上部分株高、鲜重、干重等生理指标。研究表明,各项生理指标均随Na2CO3溶液浓度的增加而降低,并在各碱浓度间、自交系间达极显著差异。综合苗情及各生理指标的变化,初步确定可以将25mmol&#183;L^-1 Na2CO3溶液作为玉米苗期耐碱性筛选的理想浓度,将该浓度下的苗情及株高、鲜重、干重及含水量变化率作为玉米苗期耐碱性筛选的鉴定指标。     

云南省六个水稻产区稻瘟病菌三个无毒基因的组成及其致病型

为明确水稻抗性基因Piz-t、Pib和Pii的有效性,利用无毒基因AvrPiz-t、AvrPib和Avr-Pii的特异性引物对自云南省6个水稻产区采集并分离获得的348株稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe oryzae菌株进行PCR扩增检测,并测定其对仅含Piz-t、Pib和Pii基因的水稻抗性单基因系IRBLzt-T、IRBLb-B和IRBLi-F5品种的致病性,明确这3个无毒基因在云南省水稻产区组成及分布。结果表明,在348株稻瘟病菌菌株中,分别有51.7%、46.8%和15.8%的菌株含有无毒基因AvrPiz-t、AvrPib和Avr-Pii,GT8、GT2、GT5、GT6、GT1、GT3、GT4和GT7基因型菌株检测频率分别为24.7%、21.8%、21.0%、16.7%、4.9%、4.0%、3.4%和3.4%;分别有4.9%、29.2%、41.1%和24.7%的菌株含有3、2、1和0个无毒基因;云南省稻瘟病菌群体总多样性指数水平较高,为2.81,其中滇中水稻产区的最高,为2.97;在348株稻瘟病菌菌株中,分别有89.1%、63.2%和38.5%的菌株对单基因系IRBLzt-T、...     

浅谈“十四五”土壤肥力与土壤养分循环分支学科发展战略

土壤肥力与土壤养分循环分支学科是土壤学科中应用性较强的学科,悠久的发展历史积累了极为丰富的文献资料,在评价和利用土壤资源,提高作物产量和养分利用率,减少环境污染中发挥着重要作用。"十四五"期间土壤肥力与土壤养分循环分支学科应加强土壤养分转化过程、速率、产物及其影响因素的基础性研究。鉴于我国大宗作物种植强度下降,集约化设施种植面积增加的两极化发展现状和减肥减药维持生态环境安全的国家需求,"十四五"期间,土壤肥力与土壤养分循环分支学科应加强以下针对性研究:1)休耕轮作对土壤肥力的影响及通过休耕轮作维持和提高土壤肥力的原理、途径和方法;2)高度集约化种植条件下快速恢复土壤肥力,保持土壤健康和有效利用土壤养分的科学管理原理、途径和方法;3)实现土壤-作物-环境相互契合,充分发挥土壤肥力,高效利用土壤养分的基础科学问题。