沼肥对苹果生物性状的试验初报

笔者对苹果施用沼肥后的生物性状进行了长达4a的对比试验研究，采取对比设计法，在叶、枝、花、果等器官的相关指标取得了极为明显的效果，在果业生产上有极好的推广价值。     

牦牛不同年龄段的屠宰测定

通过对天然放牧条件下0.5～5.5岁各个年龄段牦牛的屠宰测定,得到最好的屠宰指标为:2.5岁时屠宰率为59.14%;3.5岁时净肉率为41.5%,胴体产肉率为76.35%,骨肉比为1∶3.77。     

Effects of Taoren Honghua Jian on the hyperlipidemia without symptom

AIM: To examine the effect of traditional chinese medicine recipe, Taoren Honghua(semen persicae-flos carthami) decoction, on hyperlipidemia without symptom. METHODS: The plasma TC, TG, LDL, HDL, apolipoprotein(Apo) A, Apo Bof the patients with hyperlipidemia without symptom were measured using automatic analyzer (shimadiu CL-7200), the production of nitric oxide(NO) was detected by Greiss reaction, and SODactivity and MDAformation were examined using o-trihydroxy benzene and barbituric methotheds, respectively. RESULTS: After oral administration of Taoren Honghua decoction, the plasma levels of TC, TG, LDL, and MDAof the patients were markedly decreased, however, the plasma levels of ApoA, HDL, SODand NOwere significantly increased and almost no change was detected in the plasma level of Apo B. In control group, it was found that although the plasma level of TC, TG and LDL were decreased ( P<0.05 ) and ApoAas well as HDLwere increased, ApoB, SOD, MDA and NO production were all unchanged. CONCLUSION: The traditional chinese medicine recipe, Taoren Honghua decoction,has a significant therapeutic effect on patients with hyperlipidemia by removing blood stasis, promoting qi circulation and in turn reducing blood lipid level.     

Radioligand binding assay of insulin receptor in rabbit kidney during ischemic and reperfusion

AIM: To observe the change of insulin receptor in rabbit kidney with acute ischemic-reperfusion injury. METHODS: 15 Japanese white rabbits were allocated randomly into control group, ischemic-reperfusion group(IR group). IR group received clamping for 1 h followed by 2 h or 48 h of reperfusion. At 2 h or 48 h after reperfusion, glucose and insulin in serum were determined. Insulin receptor in renal tissue was analyzed by radioligand binging assay(BAD). RESULTS: The level of serum glucose increased after 2 h reperfusion in 2 groups, but in IR group the value increased much more higher than those in control groups(P＜0.05). Plasma insulin of IR group was significantly higher than that in control after 2 h reperfusion(P＜0.05). Scatchard analysis of data resulted in curvilinear profiles, indicating that there are two classes of receptors with different affinity or the presence of a single class of receptors with a negative cooperative hormone-receptor interaction. Data analyzed for a two-site model showed that the values of Bmax₁(high affinity site), Bmax₂(low affinity site) and Kd₁, Kd₂ were significantly lower than that of control (P＜0.05) after 2 h perfusion. 48 h after IR there was no difference of Bmax₁, Bmax₂, and Kd₁ between 2 groups,but Kd₂ of IR group was higher than that of control (P＜0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the effect of intrinsic insulin decreases in the progress of the renal ischemic-reperfusion. The resulting high serum glucose may aggravate renal injury in the progress of ischemic-reperfusion.     

SSR和ISSR标记及其在牧草遗传与育种研究中的应用前景

SSR和ISSR的高突变率、丰富的多态性以及在基因组中的广泛性,使其成为了居群遗传学研究、种质资源鉴定、亲缘关系分析、遗传图谱构建和分子标记辅助选择的重要手段.概述了SSR和ISSR在植物基因组中的分布、结构和遗传方式,并对其研究方法和应用前景进行扼要阐述,旨在为从事牧草遗传育种研究的工作者提供有益的帮助.     

黔糖3号果蔗病害的致病原因与防控对策

针对黔糖3号果蔗生产上病害发生特点及危害程度提出了各病害等级划分标准,并介绍了各病害的田间表现症状、发生特点及变化规律,结合多年的调研结果,分析了导致黔糖3号病害发生的原因。同时提出了黔糖3号生产中各种病害的防控措施。     

opaR基因缺失对AHPND致病菌生物学特性及毒力质粒接合转移的影响

急性肝胰腺坏死病(acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease, AHPND)严重影响了我国乃至全球对虾养殖业的发展。近期研究发现,致病菌毒力质粒携带trb型Ⅳ型分泌系统(type Ⅳ secretion system, T4SS)可在高菌体密度下介导毒力质粒发生接合转移,从而导致AHPND致病菌多样性。为探究群体感应与T4SS表达以及毒力质粒接合转移的关系,本研究以副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)群体感应系统的高密度调控子OpaR为研究对象,在致AHPND副溶血弧菌20130629002S01::cat(Vp2S01::cat)菌株基础上,利用同源重组技术构建opaR基因缺失株Vp2S01::catΔopaR。比较了出发菌株和缺失株在生长性能、运动性和生物被膜形成能力等方面的差异,分析了opaR基因对T4SS基因表达量以及质粒接合转移效率的影响。结果显示,opaR基因缺失不影响细菌的生长特性和群集运动,但泳动能力显著增加,生物被膜形成能力显著下降;接合转移实验显示,opaR基因缺失显著提高T4SS表达水平和接合转移效率。本研究为解析群体感应系统调控AHPND致病菌T4SS表达以及毒力质粒接合转移机制提供了基础数据,可为控制AHPND致病菌毒力质粒传播提供技术支撑。     

氨基酸菌肥施用量对茶树生长及土壤肥力的影响

为探究不同氨基酸菌肥施用量对茶树生长和土壤肥力含量的影响,以鸿雁12号茶树为研究对象,采用田间微区试验的方法,设置了不施用氨基酸菌肥作对照组(CK)和氨基酸菌肥施用量分别为75 kg·hm^-2(T1)、150 kg·hm^-2(T2)、225 kg·hm^-2(T3)和300 kg·hm^-2(T4)的处理,研究不同氨基酸菌肥施用量对茶树生长、茶叶品质及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明：氨基酸菌肥施用后能显著增加茶叶芽头密度及茶叶产量,提高茶叶中氨基酸含量和土壤中碱解氮含量。试验6个月后与CK相比,T4组的芽头密度显著增加了63.4%,茶叶产量显著增加了71.5%;T1～T4处理茶叶中氨基酸含量分别增加了9.73%、6.41%、7.57%和13.2%,土壤中碱解氮含量分别增加了25.0%、36.0%、46.0%和37.6%。综上,氨基酸菌肥的施用能提高茶叶产量及品质,改善茶园土壤环境质量,为茶园生产的合理施肥及优质高效生产提供数据参考。