陕甘宁老区脆弱生态环境定量评价——以榆林、延安两市为例

位于黄土高原中部的陕甘宁老区生态环境极为脆弱 ,近年来由于气候、人类开发资源等自然和人为原因 ,使生态环境的脆弱程度升高。选定年降水量、年均温、蒸发量等 8个指标 ,定量评价各县 1 970 - 2 0 0 0年的脆弱度状况 ,结果表明榆林、延安两市生态环境整体脆弱 ,脆弱度存在空间差异但差异不明显 ,时间段上的波动幅度不大。陕甘宁老区脆弱生态环境具有不稳定性 ,对外界干扰较敏感。     

Relationship between expression of somatostatin and DNA ploidy in breast cancer

AIM: To investigate the relationship between somatostatin and the pathologic type, estrogen receptor,DNA ploidy of nuclei in tumor cells of breast cancer.METHODS: 67 cases of primary breast cancer and 25 cases of benign breast tumor were examined by immunohistochemical stretomyces avidin peroxidase method. 26 cases of breast cancer selected at random were analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS: Somatostatin expressed significantly higher in low malignant breast cancer than that in high malignant breast cancer (P<0.05). Most of cancers with positive staining of somatostatin were diploidy,most of cancers with negative staining were aneuploidy,there had significant difference between two groups (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Somatostatin may delay the progress of breast cancer,and somatostatin levels in cancer tissues may become a useful indicator for assessing prognosis of patients with breast cancer.     

The molecular mechanism of inhibition of murine Lewis lung carcinoma metastasis by weimaining in vivo

AIM: To investigate the anti-metastasis effect of weimaining, extracted from fragopyrum cymosum meissn, a Chinese medicine, on murine Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL). METHODS: The anti-metastasis effect of weimaining in vivo was detected in the grafting lung metastasis model of murine Lewis lung carcinoma. The effects of the drug on the expression of CD34 and E-cadherin were investigated by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR. RESULTS: Weimaining effectively inhibited the lung metastasis of 3LL at a concentration of 250 mg·kg^-1·d^-1, significantly suppressed the expression of CD34 and increased the expression levels of E-cadherin protein and mRNA in 3LL cells. CONCLUSIONS: Weimaining inhibits the metastasis of murine Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) in vivo via increasing the expression of E-cadherin and decreasing microvessel density of tumor tissue.     

淳昌清麹酱的体外抗癌效果

目的 对从淳昌郡购买的3种不同的清麹酱,Kim Yong-Soon清麹酱(K-chungkukjang),Hyang Juk-Won清麹酱(H-chungkukjang)和Moon Ok-Rae清麹酱(M-chungkukjang)进行癌细胞体外抗癌效果评价.方法 MTT试验和细胞生长抑制试验.结果 样品浓度1.0 mg/ml下分别对AGS和HT-29癌细胞进行处理,K-清麹酱具有最高的癌细胞生长抑制效果(87% and 86%).K-清麹酱能够抑制癌细胞生长速度且呈时间依赖性.结论 K-清麹酱的外抗癌效果优于其他清麹酱.     

Soil phosphorus fractions and their availability over natural succession from clear-cut of a mixed broadleaved and Korean pine forest in northeast ChinaOA

To assess phosphorus(P) status of forest soil under naturally restored vegetation, P fractions in the 10-cm soil layer were quantified at different successional stages on the clear-cut site of mixed broadleaved and Korean pine forest. Four communities of shrub, softwood broad-leaved forest, softwood and hardwood broad-leaved forest, and hardwood broad-leaved forest represented different successional stages. A soil sample from a primary broad-leaved and Korean pine stand was the control. A sequen...     

减轻林业税费促进林业健康发展

针对我国现行林业税费存在的问题,如:林业税费种类繁多、比重大、政策执行不规范、不完善等,提出了相应的对策和建议,阐明应减轻林业税费,以促进林业健康发展.     

引种法国海岸松种子萌发试验研究

通过对从法国引进的海岸松种子进行千粒重测定,认为法国海岸松种质均一,变异系数小;通过对引进种子在试验室及苗圃地不同处理情况下进行萌发试验,可为日后海岸松引种试验提供基础数据。     

土壤微塑料影响植物生长的因素与机制研究进展

土壤中的微塑料可通过多种方式影响植物生长,并且其在植物体内积累会最终通过食物链进入人体,厘清微塑料对植物生长的影响及机制,有助于系统掌握其在土壤-植物体系中的环境行为。微塑料的赋存状态和理化特征均可影响其对植物的作用效果,本文从粒径、形状、浓度、种类、塑料添加剂和老化程度等方面,梳理了土壤微塑料影响植物生长的主要因素及作用机制,并对未来研究的重点内容提出展望,以期为进一步明晰微塑料对土壤生态系统的影响提供参考。     

不同青贮处理对苦荞麦品质及营养成分的影响

目的：研究不同青贮处理对荞麦秸秆的感官性状及营养品质的影响。方法：将不同比例的玉米面、米糠、糖蜜和玉米秸秆加入荞麦秸秆中混合青贮,从感官、pH值、氨态氮和营养成分等方面进行分析评价。结果：与对照组相比,各处理组均不同程度地改善了青贮品质。从pH值和氨态氮含量来看,30%混合玉米青贮组效果最好;4%米糠组的粗蛋白（5.74%）含量显著高于其他处理组(P<0.05);5%糖蜜组和30%混合玉米青贮组的粗脂肪含量显著低于其他三个处理组(P<0.05)。结论：综合比较感官性状和营养品质,5%糖蜜和4%米糠处理条件下,青贮品质总体效果较好,是荞麦秸秆饲用前处理的可行途径之一。     

微塑料对双酚A在鲤鱼肠道中累积及生长生理的影响

探明微塑料（MPs）对双酚A （BPA）在鱼类肠道中累积特征及鱼类生长生理的影响,本研究以黄河鲤鱼为模型生物,分析了0.5 μm聚苯乙烯微塑料（PS-MPs）与BPA联合作用下鲤鱼肠道中微塑料及BPA的累积特征、鲤鱼生长及其抗氧化酶活性,以及它们之间的响应关系。结果表明：联合处理下鲤鱼肠道中的PS-MPs含量随时间呈线性增加,且随投加的微塑料浓度增加而增加,而PS-MPs累积速率随时间呈先增加后减小趋势,其中在BPA+PS（L）处理（1 mg·L^-1 BPA+20 μg·L^-1 PS-MPs）下,0.25 d时鲤鱼肠道中PS-MPs累积速率达到峰值（373.81 μg·g^-1·d^-1）,BPA+PS（H）处理（1 mg·L^-1 BPA+100 μg·L^-1 PS-MPs）下,则是在0.125 d达到最高（644.00 μg·g^-1·d^-1）。与单一BPA暴露相比,联合暴露下鲤鱼肠道中BPA累积量增加,与BPA （1 mg·L^-1 BPA）处理相比,BPA+PS （L）和BPA+PS （H）处理下鲤鱼肠道中BPA含量分别提高了6.13%和9.74%,BPA累积速率分别增加了190.01%、373.80%。相较于对照处理,BPA处理和MPs与BPA联合处理均引起鲤鱼肠组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量增加,使体质量下降幅度减缓,其中BPA、BPA+PS （L）和BPA+PS （H）处理下鲤鱼体质量（21 d）较对照处理分别下降1.22%、3.90%、4.33%。当微塑料投加量达到100 μg·mL^-1时,联合处理会增加鲤鱼肠道中SOD活性、CAT活性和GSH含量,抑制MDA产生,从而缓解MPs和BPA联合作用对鲤鱼造成的氧化损伤,并且减缓鲤鱼体质量下降。研究表明,微塑料的存在会增加双酚A在鲤鱼肠道中的累积,且两者联合作用对鲤鱼产生了协同毒理效应,导致鲤鱼生长速率减缓,体质量下降。