Identification of novel glutelin subunits and a comparison of glutelin composition between japonica and indica rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Glutelin, a major protein in rice grains, is encoded by a multigene family. However, its protein composition is not well characterised. Here, we identified and characterised two novel glutelin subunits, GluBX and GluC. The individual glutelin subunits of japonica cv. Nipponbare and indica cv. 93-11 rice were analysed using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis, LC–MS/MS, and Western blotting. Comparison of the glutelin profiles between three japonica and three indica cultivars indicated two distinct subunits (GluA-1 and GluA-3 isomers) and a distinction in the subunit composition (notably GluA-3 and Lys-rich GluB-1 components) of these two subspecies. Sequence alignment revealed different nutritional (Lys residues) and functional (Cys residues) characteristics between the type-A and type-B glutelin subfamilies. We also analysed amino acid and total protein contents of the grains in thirty-five cultivars, and we demonstrated that the Lys-rich glutelin composition of indica cultivars is superior to that of japonica cultivars. The Lys-rich and Cys-poor GluBX subunit is a native protein and is a high nutritional protein in grains. Our combined approaches for the identification of glutelin subunits have revealed the nutritional characteristics of individual subunits in rice, and this knowledge will provide new insights for improving grain quality during rice breeding.     

中草药提取物对朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus)生物活性的研究

通过玻片浸渍法室内测定了8种供试中草药的3种提取物对朱砂叶螨成螨的触杀活性。当提取物浓度达到2mg?mL- 1时,旋覆花与石楠叶石油醚提取物、蓖麻子甲醇提取物的杀螨活性较高。毒力活性测定表明：旋覆花与石楠叶石油醚提取物的LC50值分别为(1.1843±0.0868mg/mL)和(1.3731±0.0898 mg/mL)、蓖麻子甲醇提取物的LC50值为(1.2111±0.1616 mg/mL)。由此表明,这3种植物的提取物均具有较好的杀螨生物活性。     

蛋氨酸脑啡肽对禽马立克细胞株（MSB-1）增殖的影响

实验旨在研究蛋氨酸脑啡肽(MENK)对禽马立克细胞MSB-1生长抑制作用和凋亡诱导效应。用MENK对禽马立克细胞MSB-1细胞株进行干预，采用光镜观察细胞密度及形态，MTT法测定细胞增殖抑制率，流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。镜下观察可见在10-12 mol/l MENK的作用下，MSB-1细胞株数量降低，细胞形态渐圆钝，甚至出现皱缩，与对照组相比MENK对MSB-1细胞具有明显的生长抑制作用，抑制率为19%~46%(P<0.01)，诱导细胞凋亡率为（62.04±3.32）%(P<0.01)。MENK对MSB-1细胞株具有增殖抑制效应及凋亡诱导效应，是具有发展潜力的抗肿瘤药物。     

基于三维点云模型获取单木树高和胸径的研究

使用无人机和智能手机分别从空中和地面拍摄的样地林分影像构建三维点云模型，并从三维点云模型中获取样地内单木树高和胸径参数。本研究以池杉人工林为研究对象，利用PhotoScan Agisoft软件对无人机倾斜摄影和智能手机近景摄影的样地影像进行三维重建，通过对齐照片、控制点刺点、对齐优化、建立密集点云等步骤，构建出与样地实景相符的三维点云模型；通过LiDAR 360软件从样地三维点云模型中获取单木的树高和胸径参数，将其与实地测量获取的单木树高和胸径参数进行对比分析。利用无人机和智能手机影像构建的三维模型可以满足《数字航空摄影测量测图规范》的精度要求。通过实测数据和点云数据获取的树高和胸径的平均差值分别为-0.9 m和-0.8 cm,平均相对误差分别为5.4%和7.1%。以实测数据作为自变量x,以点云数据作为因变量y,树高和胸径回归模型的R²分别为0.809 5和0.918 4。将倾斜摄影和近景摄影的点云模型统一在同一空间参考基准下可构建出与样地实景相匹配的三维点云模型，从样地三维点云模型中获取的单木树高和胸径与实地测量结果具有较好的线性相关性，本研究所使用的方法可以代...