Releases in israel ofAphelinus perpallidus,a recently introduced parasite of the pecan blackmargined aphid,Monellia caryella

Six shipments totaling 3452 mummies of the blackmargined aphid,Monellia caryella (Fitch), parasitized withAphelinus perpallidus Gahan, were obtained by air freight during the years 1982-1985 from Texas A&M Research Center, El Paso, Texas. About two-thirds of the mummies did not yield parasites. A colony ofA. perpallidus was established in the laboratory. Under laboratory conditions the percentage of emerged parasites was higher than that in the imported mummies, and the parasite had very limited impact on the aphid population. Field releases of the parasite were made but no establishment ofA. perpallidus was observed through the years.     

三倍体虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)血细胞发生的形态学研究

观察和测定了三倍体虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)肝脏、脾脏、头肾和外周血液血细胞的发生过程。结果显示:三倍体虹鳟外周血红细胞具有分裂的能力,外周血液是其进一步发育成熟的场所,其进一步发育成熟有核质非同步分裂(核分裂先于质分裂呈双核型)和核质哑铃型同步分裂两种形式。外周血液中未成熟红细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞和粒细胞细胞比例分别为5.81%、4.14%、4.52%和3.38%,其4类未成熟细胞比例明显高于造血器官;外周血液中成熟红细胞为69.6%,与造血器官成熟红细胞的比例无显著差异;外周血中单核细胞、淋巴细胞和粒细胞细胞比例分别为6.60%、4.71%和1.24%,三类细胞比例明显低于造血器官(头肾中单核细胞除外)。     

秸秆发酵技术在百合生产中的应用

以“西伯利亚”百合为试材,研究了秸秆发酵栽培百合的可行性.结果表明:在秸秆处理前50 d,秸秆处理的地温高于对照处理1～3℃,其中玉米秸秆处理的地温要大于其它处理的地温,秸秆处理50 d后,不同处理的地温差异不明显;秸秆处理的植株长势优于对照处理的长势,表明在气温偏低的时期种植百合,秸秆发酵技术能够提高地温,促进植株生长,其中玉米秸秆处理的植株长势优于其它处理的植株长势,可以在百合生产中推广应用.     

阿月浑子与黄连木的杂种果实发育及幼胚培养研究

 以阿月浑子与黄连木的杂种果实和杂种幼胚为试材,对果实生长发育规律及幼胚培养进行了研究,探讨了胚龄、培养基类型和6-BA浓度等对杂种胚培苗再生的影响。结果表明：（1）杂种果实的纵、横径生长呈“S”型曲线变化,果实鲜质量生长呈双“S”型曲线变化。（2）杂种胚的发育始于授粉后80 d,80 ~ 100 d是杂种胚败育的关键时期。（3）授粉后80 d的杂种幼胚难以成苗,授粉后100和120 d的杂种幼胚成苗率分别为37.04%和83.33%。（4）适宜杂种胚培苗增殖的培养基为：DKW + 2.0 mg · L^-1 6-BA + 0.05 g · L^-1 IBA + 0.3 g · L^-1 LH + 1.5 g · L^-1 PVP,增殖系数为3.47,苗高为3.32 cm。（5）适宜杂种胚培苗生根的培养基为：1/2WPM + 2.0 mg · L^-1 IBA + 0.05 mg · L^-1 NAA,生根率为80%。     

辣椒雄性不育三系品种江淮8号的选育

江淮8号是以辣椒雄性不育系A-921为母本、甜椒雄性不育恢复系C-097为父本配制的辣椒一代杂交新品种。该品种早中熟,植株高度约65 cm,植株开展度约60 cm,株型紧凑,首花节位10~11节,挂果集中,果实牛角形,青果绿色,果面光滑,果长度12 cm左右,果肩宽度6 cm左右,平均单果质量约65 g,辣味中等。667 m2产量约3 800 kg,抗疫病、炭疽病等病害,耐热耐湿,适应性强。     

小波变换在土壤有机质含量可见/近红外光谱分析中的应用

使用高光谱仪ASD Field Spec在波长范围400~1 000 nm内采集有机质含量不同的土壤原始光谱;之后,求取土壤原始光谱及其A值的一阶导数(一阶导数光谱);对以上两类一阶导数光谱进行小波去噪处理;并分析这两类一阶光谱在去噪前、后,光谱形态的变化情况,以及它们与有机质含量相关性的改善程度。结果表明:(1)土壤原始光谱及其A值的一阶导数中含有大量噪声,严重影响了对光谱曲线波形轮廓、特征信号点和有机质吸收特征的识别。(2)经小波去噪处理后,土壤原始光谱及其A值的一阶导数中的噪声被有效去除,一阶导数光谱的清晰度明显改善,光谱质量显著提高。(3)去噪后的土壤原始光谱的一阶导数,呈开口向下的"喇叭口"状,波长范围567~598 nm内与有机质含量呈较为稳定、显著的负相关性。(4)去噪后的土壤原始光谱A值的一阶导数,波形呈"凹"状,波长范围524~535 nm内与有机质含量呈比较稳定、显著的正相关性。     

Effects of Nrf2 overexpression on proliferation,activation and collagen type I synthesis in cultured hepatic stellate cells stimulated by ethanol

AIM：To investigate the effects of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) overexpression on the proliferation, cell cycle distribution, collagen type I (Col I) synthesis and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in cultured hepatic stellate cell line HSC-T6 stimulated by ethanol. METHODS：Cultured HSC-T6 cells were transfected with pEGFP-Nrf2 or pEGFP-N1 (empty vector) plasmid by liposome transient transfection. The cells were divided into control group, ethanol group, ethanol+pEGFP-Nrf2 group and ethanol+pEGFP-N1 group. The mRNA expression of Nrf2, α-SMA and Col I was determined by RT-PCR, and their protein expression was detected by Western blotting. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, and cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS：The pEGFP-Nrf2 plasmid was successfully transfected into HSC-T6 cells, and the mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 was higher than other three groups 48 h after transfection (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the cell proliferation and the mRNA and protein expression of α-SMA and Col I in ethanol group and ethanol+pEGFP-N1 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the numbers of HSC-T6 cells were decreased in G1 phase and increased in S phase (P<0.05), without significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). Meanwhile, the cells in ethanol+pEGFP-Nrf2 group showed significantly decreased proliferation level, down-regulated mRNA and protein expression of α-SMA and Col I, higher numbers in G1 phase and lower numbers in S phase compared with ethanol group and ethanol+pEGFP-N1 group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：Nrf2 overexpression could significantly down-regulate the expression of α-SMA and Col I and cause G1/S phase arrest in HSC-T6 cells cultured with ethanol, thus inhibiting the proliferation and activation of the cells.     

MDV Meq-clustered miRNAs基因缺失BAC克隆株的构建及其体外增殖特性

为构建缺失马立克氏病病毒(Mareks disease virus,MDV)Meq基因簇microRNAs(Meq-clustered miRNAs的突变株,本研究在vv MDV GX0101细菌人工染色体(bacterial artificial chromosome,BAC)克隆的基础上,采用Red/ET同源重组技术将Meq-clustered miRNAs的编码基因进行缺失突变,经PCR鉴定及序列分析证明Meq-cluster miRNAs序列成功缺失后,提取Δmeq-miRNAs BAC DNA,转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)进行病毒拯救,用SYBR GreenⅠqRT-PCR检测病毒体外增殖特性。结果表明成功拯救出缺失MDV Meq-clustered miRNAs基因的感染性BAC克隆株GX0101Δmeq-miRNAs,且该缺失株与亲本株GX0101BAC具有相似的增殖曲线,Meq-clustered miRNAs是MDV体外复制的非必需基因。MDV Meq-clustered miRNAs基因缺失感染性BAC克隆株的成功构建为进一步研究MDV Meq-clustered miRNAs在MDV致病和致肿瘤方面的作用奠定了基础。     

我国奶牛布鲁氏菌病防控的现状与防控措施

布鲁氏菌病是一种人畜共患传染病,世界动物卫生组织将其列为B类动物疫病.病牛可通过其产品和代谢产物排出病原菌,感染人和其他动物,引起其他动物发病.国家对奶牛布鲁氏菌病的防控投入了大量的人力、物力,但收效甚微.近年来,不断有人感染布病的报道出现.笔者根据多年的工作体会,对当前我国奶牛布鲁氏菌病的防控做了现状分析,并提出一些对策供大家参考.     

内蒙古地区奶牛乳房炎链球菌毒力基因检测及耐药性研究

为了解内蒙古地区奶牛乳房炎链球菌毒力基因的分布情况及其耐药现状,通过该地区360份乳房炎奶样链球菌的分离鉴定,利用微量肉汤稀释法测定了81株链球菌对15种药物的MIC,采用PCR法检测耐药基因及毒力基因的携带情况。结果显示,分离到的81株链球菌对β-内酰胺类的耐药率最高;对红霉素和四环素的耐药率在40%~85%;对氟喹诺酮类的耐药率相对较低。多重耐药菌株达88.9%(n=72)。耐药基因pbp2b的检出率为86.4%,tetL和tetM的检出率在75%以上,红霉素耐药表型主要由ermB介导。分离菌株毒力基因中cfb的检出率最高(50.6%),其次为cyl和hylB。内蒙古地区奶牛乳房炎链球菌对β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类和四环素耐药情况严重,且发现多重耐药菌株的流行;链球菌中尤以无乳链球菌的毒力基因携带率较高。