An evaluation of the Olsen test as a measure of plant-available phosphorus in grassland soils derived from basalt parent material

Abstract. Anecdotal and circumstantial evidence have suggested that the Olsen test underestimates plant-available phosphorus (P) in basaltic soils in Northern Ireland. Therefore, the ability of this test to predict plant-available P in basaltic (and non-basaltic) soils was investigated by regressing Olsen-P data against herbage P indices calculated from plant tissue test data using the diagnosis and recommendation integrated system. The average Olsen-P concentration for a range of fields situated on basaltic soils was considerably lower than the average Olsen-P concentration for a range of fields situated on non-basaltic soils, and yet mean sward P status, as given by the herbage P indices, was similar for both groups of fields. Herbage P indices were also much better correlated with Olsen-P measurements in non-basaltic soils than in basaltic soils. Furthermore, at low Olsen-P values (≶9mgPL⁻¹) some swards on basaltic soils were genuinely deficient in P, while others were sufficient or even in surplus for this nutrient. The results confirm that Olsen-P is inadequate as a predictor of plant-available P in basaltic soils. It is concluded that an alternative soil test is needed to provide a reliable assessment of plant-available P in basaltic soils, to prevent overuse of fertilizer and manure P and to minimize the amounts of P entering local watercourses.     

Some Comments on Gerechte Designs

In a companion paper we derived the correct analysis for gerechte designs with uncorrected errors. Here we show that this correct analysis cannot be justified by the usual randomization argument. However, when the regions are rectangular there is a randomization procedure which validates an analysis with three separate error terms. We also outline other developments in design and analysis that may be more satisfactory.     

Outcome of limb amputations in wapiti: 13 cases (1995-2001).

The object of this investigation was to determine the outcome of limb amputation in wapiti. Medical records of 13 wapiti that underwent limb amputation were reviewed to determine age, weight, sex, injury preceding amputation, limb amputated, amputation location, length of hospital stay, complications, and outcome. Ages ranged from 3 months to 8 years and weights from 70 kg to 280 kg. All animals were female. Eleven animals sustained catastrophic long bone fractures prior to amputation. Five animals had front limb amputations and 8 had hind limb amputations. Of these animals, 1 with a front limb amputaiton and 5 with hind limb amputations survived. Postsurgical inability to stand is associated with hospitalization of > 1 day. Of the 13 wapiti reviewed, 5 with hind limb amputations have produced and reared offspring. Hind limb amputation can be considered a viable alternative to euthanasia when catastrophic orthopedic injuries occur in female wapiti.     

Herniation of small intestine through the right lateral ligament of the bladder in a bull

A three year old Charolais bull was examined because of anorexia and depression of five days duration and progressive abdominal distention. Intestinal obstruction was diagnosed. A right flank celiotomy allowed diagnosis and correction of a herniated jejunoileal loop through the right lateral ligament of the bladder. An annular constriction located in mid-ileum was by-passed by ileocecal side-to-side anastomosis. The bull's appetite and fecal production returned to normal within 72 hours of surgery. Ten months following discharge the bull was reported to be well.     

荧光PCR快速诊断一起新城疫

2005年1月底．广东省某规模养殖场的鸡出现了张口喘气、呼吸困难，有呼噜声、咳嗽，排黄绿色粪便等症状．部分鸡还有神经症状。发病约450只．发病率为1．2％。三天后鸡只陆续出现死亡．两天内死亡50只左右。解剖病死鸡，可见：喉头、气管粘膜明显出血，小肠轻度炎症。回肠、直肠、泄殖腔粘膜出血。临床无法确诊。经实验室快速诊断．为新城疫感染。     

豚鼠气单胞菌引起山羊猝死的鉴定

2020年5月,江苏省某养殖场饲养的220只山羊疑似感染产气荚膜梭菌,共死亡25只。为鉴定感染的产气荚膜梭菌复合群类型,采集大肠、小肠内容物以及肠系膜淋巴结、肝、脾、肾等组织病料进行细菌分离鉴定,并对分离菌株进行药敏试验及致病性试验。结果显示：分离菌株为革兰氏阴性短杆菌,经生化试验和16S rRNA试验鉴定为豚鼠气单胞菌;该分离株对多种常用抗菌药物耐药,仅对呋喃唑酮敏感;该菌能造成小鼠发病死亡。此次从临床发病羊病料中分离到致病性豚鼠气单胞菌,在国内较为少见,截至目前未见类似报道,本研究为避免此类疫病的临床误诊以及做好该病防控提供了帮助。     

植物病程相关蛋白PR10研究进展

PR（pathogenesis related protein）蛋白产生与积累是植物体应答生物或非生物胁迫的主要特征之一。近年来大量PR蛋白被鉴定,根据它们的结构,亲源关系和生物活性,被分为17个功能家族。PR10蛋白具有核酸酶相似结构,一般为分子量16～19kD的酸性蛋白。近年来相关研究表明一些PR10蛋白具有核酸酶活性和体外抗菌活性,在植物防御反应中发挥重要作用,具有较为广泛的应用前景。本文就PR10蛋白的生理功能、基因结构、表达调控及其与植物抗病的关系等方面的最新研究进展作一综述,并结合本实验室工作展望其在植物抗性育种方面的应用前景。     

Identification of some analogs of the hallucinogen phencyclidine.

The drugs 1-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine, 1-[1-2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]pyrrolidine, 1-(-phenylcyclohexyl) morpholine, and 1-(1-phenyleyclohexyl) pyrrolidine are identified by spectroscopic techniques. The ultraviolet and proton magnetic resonance spectra of analogs are similar, but mass and infrared spectra are distinctly different, and reference spectra are provided. Gas-liquid ant thin layer chromatographic systems for the analysis are discussed.