全产业链视角下柳州螺蛳粉农业产业化联合体发展探析

为进一步建强、壮大柳州螺蛳粉全产业链,针对原材料生产供应短板的问题,探索由重点龙头企业牵头组建柳州螺蛳粉农业产业化联合体,带动其它涉农企业、村集体经济合作社、农民专业合作社等经营的全产业链组织经营模式.根据柳州螺蛳粉全产业链最终产品流向,研究建立了柳州螺蛳粉商超驱动和实体店驱动的农业产业化联合体两种经典模式.实践表明,...     

甘蔗遗传转化中膦丝菌素（PPT）筛选效率的比较

从PCR检测水平评价了PPT在再生过程,再生植株喷施和体外浸泡中筛选方法的效率,结果表明PPT浸泡方式效率最高,能够准确鉴定出转Bar基因甘蔗。     

引诱剂对蜜柑大实蝇的诱捕效果

本文报道了采用国际通用的监测技术,利用橘小实蝇、瓜实蝇、地中海实蝇引诱剂和水解蛋白诱饵,在广西凭祥市确定存在蜜柑大实蝇的果园开展了针对性的诱捕;诱捕结果表明,瓜实蝇引诱剂和水解蛋白诱饵能够诱捕到蜜柑大实蝇成虫,且水解蛋白诱饵比瓜实蝇引诱剂诱捕效果好.     

疫苗与免疫

最近一段时间内,犬传染病仍是危害犬最为严重的一类疾病。为此,要使用有效的疫苗来对犬进行免疫,控制犬传染病的发生。本文就犬疫苗和免疫作一简要介绍。     

聚合酶链反应检测猪细小病毒的研究

本研究成功地建立了检测猪细小病毒（ＰＰＶ）的聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术。以１６个核苷酸引物对首次完成了ＰＰＶＤＮＡ结构蛋白ＶＰ１编码区２２８ｂｐ片段的扩增。同样数目的另一引物对，也成功扩增了Ｖｐ２编码区１５８ｂｐＤＮＡ片段。ＰＰＶＢＭ－１株与其它国内分离株（广西株、天津株和哈尔滨株）均出现相同扩增结果。琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示了特异条带（ＶＰ１２２８ｂｐ．Ｖｐ２１５８ｂｐ），而伪狂犬病病毒、犬细小病毒均未扩增，表明了本方法的特异性。同时，限制性内切酶分析（Ｖｐ１２２８ｂｐ及Ｖｐ２１５８ｂｐ分别含单一ＰｖｕⅡ、ＥｃｏＲⅠ位点），也证实了特异性。本方法敏感性高，可检出１０ｆｇ模板ＤＮＡ。既可作样品的快速检测，又能检查细胞系的污染。具有特异、简便、快速的优点。     

Dot─ELISA检测猪生殖和呼吸综合征抗体的研究

用差速离心法提纯ＰＲＲＳ病毒，利用ＮＣ膜作为载体，在国内外首次成功建立了检测ＰＲＲＳ血清抗体的斑点酶联免疫吸附试验（Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）。抗原包被浓度为１００μｇ／ｍｌ，被检血清工作浓度为１∶１０，酶标兔抗猪ＩｇＧ工作浓度为１∶６００。对７２份北京地区猪血清分别用Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ和ＩＦ检测，Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检测阳性率为３３．３％，ＩＦ检测阳性率为３０．６％，与ＩＦ符合率较高，对部分待检血清检测结果表明：６１份１９９１年进口美国猪血清阳性率为０％，１８２份１９９５年进口加拿大猪血清阳性率为４．９４％。本法不需特殊仪器，适用于基层兽医部门和猪场对该病的血清学诊断和流行病学普查     

Effect of ammonia and nitrite on vigour,survival rate,moulting rate of the blue swimming crab <Emphasis Type="Italic">Portunus pelagicus</Emphasis> zoea

The effects of ammonia and nitrite on vigour, survival rate, moulting rate of zoea of blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus, were studied. A total of five nitrite-N treatments (26.67, 53.34, 106.68, 213.36, 426.72 mg/l) and a control (no nitrite-N added) were set up for the acute nitrite-N toxicity experiment; a total of five ammonia-N treatments (8.43, 16.86, 33.72, 67.44, 134.88 mg/l) and a control (no ammonia-N added) were set up for the acute ammonia-N toxicity experiment. The results showed that the vigour, survival rate and moulting rate of zoea of the blue swimming crabs exposed to over 53.34 mg/l were significantly different (P < 0.05) from the control group. The zoea LC₅₀ values (mg/l) of nitrite-N were 179.47, 76.56, 66.70, 37.49, 25.01, 25.35, 25.34 mg/l for 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 h, respectively. The vigour, survival rate and moulting rate of zoea of the blue swimming crabs exposed to over 16.86 mg/l were significantly different (P < 0.05) from the control group. The zoea LC₅₀ values (mg/l) of ammonia-N were 51.04, 39.62, 38.72, 24.43, 16.90, 13.42, 11.16 mg/l for 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 h, respectively. The zoeae are highly sensitive to ammonia and nitrite, and the toxicity of ammonia and nitrite on Portunus pelagicus decrease with development of this crab.     

基于腕力传感器的机器人操作臂末端位置误差补偿

针对机器人操作臂夹持工具与环境作用时基于传感器坐标系内的微分运动分析 ,推导出基于工具坐标系的定位误差及基于基坐标系的定位误差补偿 ,并以 PU MA5 60型机器人为例计算了定位误差及其误差补偿     

24份枸杞种质资源SSR遗传多样性分析

枸杞是药食同源的植物,具有重要的药用价值和经济价值,枸杞遗传背景复杂,对其种质资源遗传变异和种质资源的遗传背的研究还不充分。本研究对24个枸杞种质资源采用SSR分子标记进行了遗传多样性。在17对SSR引物上共检测到96个条带,其中有59条多态性条带,多态性条带比率为61.5%。每个SSR位点的PIC值为0.37~0.60,平均值为0.45。NTSYS类平均法聚类结果显示,24份枸杞供试品种遗传相似性系数介于0.263?0.954之间,在相似系数0.56处被分为9大类群。这将为进一步开展枸杞种质资源评价、新品种选育和合理利用提供科学院依据。     

Effect of dietary protein reduction with lysine and methionnine supplementation on growth performance,body composition and total ammonia nitrogen excretion of juvenile grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idella

A 63‐day growth trial was undertaken to estimate the effects of supplemented lysine and methionine with different dietary protein levels on growth performance and feed utilization in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Six plant‐based practical diets were prepared, and 32CP, 30CP and 28CP diets were formulated to contain 320 g kg^?1, 300 g kg^?1 and 280 g kg^?1 crude protein without lysine and methionine supplementation. In the supplementary group, lysine and methionine were added to formulate 32AA, 30AA and 28AA diets with 320 g kg^?1, 300 g kg^?1 and 280 g kg^?1 dietary crude protein, respectively, according to the whole body amino acid composition of Grass Carp. In the groups without lysine and methionine supplementation, weight gain (WG, %) and specific growth rate (SGR, % day^?1) of the fish fed 32CP diet were significantly higher than that of fish fed 30CP and 28CP diets, but no significant differences were found between 30CP‐ and 28CP‐diet treatments. WG and SGR of the fish fed 32AA and 30AA diets were significantly higher than that of fish fed 28AA diets, and the performance of grass carp was also significantly improved when fed diets with lysine and methionine supplementation (P < 0.05), and the interaction between dietary protein level and amino acid supplementation was noted between WG and SGR (P < 0.05). Feed intake (FI) was significantly increased with the increase in dietary protein level and the supplementation of lysine and methionine (P < 0.05), but feed conversion ratio (FCR) showed a significant decreasing trend (P < 0.05). Two days after total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration test, the values of TAN discharged by the fish 8 h after feeding were 207.1, 187.5, 170.6, 157.3, 141.3 and 128.9 mg kg^?1 body weight for fish fed 32CP, 32AA, 30CP, 30AA, 28CP and 28AA diets, respectively. TAN excretion by grass carp was reduced in plant‐based practical diets with the increase in dietary protein level and the supplementation of lysine and methionine (P < 0.05). The results indicated that lysine and methionine supplementation to the plant protein sources‐based practical diets can improve growth performance and feed utilization of grass carp, and the dietary crude protein can be reduced from 320 g kg^?1 to 300 g kg^?1 through balancing amino acids profile. The positive effect was not observed at 280 g kg^?1 crude protein level.