川西北地区上二叠统吴家坪组凝灰岩分布地震预测

通过对川西北地区的老井进行复查,发现多口井在上二叠统吴家坪组存在大套的凝灰岩,对上述井的地质、测井、地震资料综合分析发现,凝灰岩的岩性以凝灰质泥岩、凝灰质粉砂岩、凝灰质灰岩、沉凝灰岩、凝灰岩、凝灰质白云岩为主,次生溶蚀孔隙发育;凝灰岩在测井曲线和地震剖面上均有明显的响应特征:在测井曲线上表现为明显的低纵波速度、高自然伽马特征,凝灰岩底界在地震剖面上均表现为波峰反射特征.为此,采用模型正演分析技术及波阻抗反演技术,首次对四川盆地川西北地区晚二叠世吴家坪组凝灰岩的分布进行了地震预测:双鱼石构造-剑阁区块的北部地区凝灰岩分布最厚,南部减薄;双鱼石构造东部凝灰岩分布较厚,西部减薄,直至不发育.研究结果表明,晚二叠世吴家坪组在川西北地区沉积了一套凝灰岩,从西北至东南方向减薄;由于凝灰岩物性好,孔隙度高,可成为四川盆地火山岩气藏勘探全新的后备领域,为川西北地区下一步新的勘探领域开发提供了重要研究基础.     

Three SNPs within exons of INHA and ACVR2B genes are significantly associated with litter size in Dazu black goats

The aim of this study was to analyse the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms within INHA and ACVR2B and litter size in Dazu black goats. In total, twenty-two SNPs were genotyped in 190 individuals by SNaPshot and resequencing. The results showed that three SNPs (SNP_1, SNP_12 and SNP_13 in this study) were detected to have significant additive genetic effect on the recorded goat litter size (p < .05). The SNP_1 (NC_030809.1), a non-synonymous substitution of G for T at chr2-g. 28314990 in the exon 2 of INHA gene (NM_001285606.1), resulted in homozygote 2 (HOM2) contributed 0.25 and heterozygote (HET) contributed 0.12 larger litter than homozygote 1 (HOM1). Meanwhile, SNP_12 (Chr22-g. 11721225 A > T) and SNP_13 (Chr22-g. 11721227 A > C) (NC_030829.1) simultaneously mutated at the first and third position of a triplet AAA (lysine, K) in the exon 4 of ACVR2B gene (XM_018066623.1) had estimated genetic effects of HOM1 (0.00) and HOM2 (0.03) larger than HET (−0.12). In conclusion, one SNPs (chr2-g. 28314990 T > G) within the exon 2 of INHA and two SNPs (Chr22-g. 11721225 A > T and Chr22-g. 11721227 A > C) i n the exon 4 of ACVR2B gene were highly recommended as candidate markers of litter size in Dazu black goats. A large-scale association study to assess the impact of these variants on litter size is still necessary.     

秀珍菇原基形成相关基因PpFBD1的克隆与表达研究

前期研究中通过对秀珍菇经低温诱导后不同发育阶段样本进行转录组测序及差异表达基因分析发现,ID为Cluster-6377.64510的基因(命名为PpFBD1)在原基形成前期的样本中高表达。为进一步了解分析其表达特性及功能,根据转录组测序结果设计特异性引物,利用RT-PCR技术从秀珍菇中克隆获得了该基因的cDNA全长。该基因由342个核苷酸组成,编码一个由113个氨基酸组成的蛋白,蛋白相对分子质量约11 ku。进化树分析显示,PpFBD1编码蛋白与糙皮侧耳hydrophobin1编码的疏水蛋白亲缘关系最近。Gene Ontology功能分析表明,PpFBD1主要参与真菌类细胞壁的合成。荧光定量RT-PCR检测显示,该基因在菌丝体经低温诱导后恢复至室温阶段(原基形成前期)表达量最高,这表明其可能参与调控秀珍菇原基形成过程。本研究结果为阐明秀珍菇原基形成机制提供参考。     

Effect of chlorogenic acid on intestinal inflammation,antioxidant status,and microbial community of young hens challenged with acute heat stress

Heat stress in poultry is deleterious to productive performance. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) exerts antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplemental CGA on the intestinal health and cecal microbiota composition of young hens challenged with acute heat stress. 100-day-old Hy-line brown pullets were randomly divided into four groups. The control group (C) and heat stress group (HS) received a basal diet. HS + CGA₃₀₀ group and HS + CGA₆₀₀ group received a basal diet supplemented with 300- and 600-mg/kg CGA, respectively, for 2 weeks before heat stress exposure. Pullets of HS, HS + CGA₃₀₀, and HS + CGA₆₀₀ group were exposed to 38°C for 4 h while the control group was maintained at 25°C. In this study, dietary CGA supplementation had effect on mitigate the decreased T-AOC and T-SOD activities and the increasing of IL-1β and TNFα induced by acute heat stress. Dietary supplementation with 600 mg/kg CGA had better effect on increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial genera, such as Rikenellaceae RC9_gut_group, Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, and Christensenellaceae R-7_group, and deceasing bacteria genera involved in inflammation, such as Sutterella species. Therefore, CGA can ameliorate acute heat stress damage through suppressing inflammation and improved antioxidant capacity and cecal microbiota composition.     

常规鱼类养殖技术之五广东鲂人工繁殖技术

广东鲂是珠江水系西江著名特产之一,也是西江重要的经济鱼类,近年来,其自然资源量呈逐渐衰退之势,90年代的渔获量仅在5t左右徘徊.为此,广东省封开县水产研究所开展广东鲂人工繁养殖技术研究,笔者总结5年来的经验,介绍广东鲂人工繁殖技术如下:     

韩国人口政策及对中国农村人口政策的启示

人口政策是一个国家或地区用采影响和干预人口运动过程以及人口因素发展变化的法规、条例和措施的总和.韩国的人口政策经历了由控制人口增长的计划生育政策到鼓励人口增长的新人口政策的转变,该政策成功控制了人口的快速增长,缓解了人口与经济、社会资源、环境之间的矛盾,但也引起了人口老龄化、出生婴儿性别比失调等一系列社会问题.这些问题也正在中国农村上演,如能借鉴立法先行、大力发展社会福利事业、善于运用经济杠杆等经验,对维持中国农村人口的低出生率,控制人口老龄化等具有积极的意义.