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A technique for determining the ergosterol content in mycorrhizal pine roots using HPLC was developed. Pure cultures of different my corrhizal fungi contained very similar and constant amounts of ergosterol, and calculations of fungal biomass in mycorrhizal roots based on ergosterol readings agreed well with results using other methods. The extraction and sample purification were simple and reliable. Consequently, the technique is considered practical wherever accurate estimates of the intensity of mycorrhizal infection are required. 相似文献
3.
Coniferous ectomycorrhiza was cleared in KOH and bleached in H2 02 . After the treatment, the structure of the Hartig net and inner mantle could be studied in detail in entire mycorrhizal short roots. The Hartig net and inner mantle were found to be formed by the same type of labyrinthic tissue, a result of morphogenetic processes during mycorrhiza formation. Even early phases of mycorrhizal infection could easily be detected, which makes the method very suitable for diagnosticating mycorrhiza formation accurately. 相似文献
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D. C. Sanders R. E. Nylund E. C. Quisumbing K. V. P. Shetty 《American Journal of Potato Research》1972,49(7):243-254
The influence of irrigation method on tuber quality factors was assessed during three seasons. Low volume “mist” irrigation (M), furrow irrigation (F), mist plus furrow (MF) and no irrigation (NI) were compared. Tubers from misted treatments (M and MF) tended to be lower in dry matter, had a high incidence of secondary growth and hollowheart, yielded darker chips, required more time to condition, were less mature, and contained more reducing sugars than those from NI treatments. Further the tubers from misted treatments tended to contain more P, Mg, Ca, Fe, Al, B and Mn, than those from NI plots at various times during the latter part of the season. 相似文献
6.
Hooshang Majdi Laimi Truus Ulf Johansson Jan-Erik Nylund Håkan Wallander 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008
In the study reported here we examined the short-term effects (1–3 years) of slash retention (SR) and the long-term effects (13–15 years) of wood-ash application (A) on fine roots and mycorrhizae in a 40-year-old Norway spruce forest in southwest Sweden. Soil cores were used to obtain estimates of the biomass (g m−2) of roots in three diameter classes (<0.5, 0.5–1 and 1–2 mm), root length density (RLD), specific root length (SRL) and mycorrhizal root tip density (RTD). Fine root (<1 mm) length production and mortality, and mycelium production, were estimated using minirhizotron and mesh bag techniques, respectively. Compared with the control plots (C), the biomass of fine roots in diameter classes <0.5 mm and 0.5–1 mm was significantly higher in A plots, but lower in SR plots. In addition, RLD was significantly lower in the humus layer of SR plots than in the humus layers of C and A plots, but not in the other layers. None of the treatments affected the SRL. In all soil layers, the SR treatment resulted in significant reductions in the number of ectomycorrhizal root tips, and the mycelia production of fungi in mesh bags, relative to the C treatment, but the C and A treatments induced no significant changes in these variables. Fine root length production in the C, A and SR plots amounted to 94, 87 and 70 mm tube−1 during the 2003 growing season, respectively. Fine root mortality in treated plots did not change over the course of the study. We suggest that leaving logging residues on fertile sites may result in nitrogen mineralisation, which may in turn induce reductions in root biomass, and both root and mycelium production, and consequently affect nutrient uptake and the accumulation of organic carbon in soil derived from roots and mycorrhizae. 相似文献
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Transient ischaemia affects plasma membrane glutamate transporter, not vesicular glutamate transporter, expressions in the gerbil hippocampus 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Kim DS Kwak SE Kim JE Jung JY Won MH Choi SY Kwon OS Kang TC 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2006,35(4):265-270
In the present study, we investigated expressions of vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) and of the plasma membrane glutamate transporters [glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1), glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST) and excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC-1)] in the gerbil hippocampus following transient ischaemia. The expressional levels and distribution patterns of VGLUT immunoreactivities were unaltered until 3 days after ischaemic-insults. However, VGLUT-2 immunoreactivity in the CA1 region was reduced at 4 days after ischaemia due to delayed neuronal death. In addition, both GLT-1 and GLAST immunoreactivities in the CA1 region were enhanced at 30 min - 12 h after ischaemia-reperfusion and their expression began to reduce at 24 h after ischaemia-reperfusion. In contrast, EAAC-1 immunoreactivity was transiently reduced in the CA1 region at 30 min after ischaemia, re-enhanced at 3-12 h after ischaemia, and re-reduced at 24 h after ischaemia. These findings suggest that malfunctions of plasma membrane glutamate transporters, not of VGLUT, may play an important role in the elevation of extracellular glutamate concentration following ischaemic insults. 相似文献
9.
Hirvelä-Koski V Haukisalmi V Kilpelä SS Nylund M Koski P 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,111(2-3):175-192
Echinococcus granulosus is shown to occur in eastern Finland in a sylvatic cycle involving wolves (Canis lupus) as the definitive host and reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and probably also elk (Alces alces) and the wild forest reindeer (Rangifer tarandus fennicus) as intermediate hosts. Even though the prevalence of E. granulosus in reindeer has increased in recent years, it is still very low (<0.013%). The results suggest, however, that the reindeer is a good sentinel animal to show the contamination of soil with Echinococcus eggs. This is the first report of wolves acting as a definitive host for E. granulosus in northern Europe. The parasite seems to be quite common in the Finnish wolf population, with a prevalence of approximately 30% in both intestinal and faecal samples. The present results and previous ones indicate that E. granulosus infection has not spread to dogs in the reindeer herding area. 相似文献
10.
Milla Solismaa Sauli Laaksonen Minna Nylund Elisa Pitk?nen Riitta Airakorpi Antti Oksanen 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2008,50(1):20