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Stuart P. Hardegree John T. Abatzoglou Mark W. Brunson Matthew J. Germino Katherine C. Hegewisch Corey A. Moffet David S. Pilliod Bruce A. Roundy Alex R. Boehm Gwendwr R. Meredith 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2018,71(1):1-11
Invasive annual weeds negatively impact ecosystem services and pose a major conservation threat on semiarid rangelands throughout the western United States. Rehabilitation of these rangelands is challenging due to interannual climate and subseasonal weather variability that impacts seed germination, seedling survival and establishment, annual weed dynamics, wildfire frequency, and soil stability. Rehabilitation and restoration outcomes could be improved by adopting a weather-centric approach that uses the full spectrum of available site-specific weather information from historical observations, seasonal climate forecasts, and climate-change projections. Climate data can be used retrospectively to interpret success or failure of past seedings by describing seasonal and longer-term patterns of environmental variability subsequent to planting. A more detailed evaluation of weather impacts on site conditions may yield more flexible adaptive-management strategies for rangeland restoration and rehabilitation, as well as provide estimates of transition probabilities between desirable and undesirable vegetation states. Skillful seasonal climate forecasts could greatly improve the cost efficiency of management treatments by limiting revegetation activities to time periods where forecasts suggest higher probabilities of successful seedling establishment. Climate-change projections are key to the application of current environmental models for development of mitigation and adaptation strategies and for management practices that require a multidecadal planning horizon. Adoption of new weather technology will require collaboration between land managers and revegetation specialists and modifications to the way we currently plan and conduct rangeland rehabilitation and restoration in the Intermountain West. 相似文献
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Josephine A. Dornbusch Laura E. Selmic Pin‐Chieh Huang Jonathan P. Samuelson Eric M. McLaughlin Vincent A. Wavreille Jessica A. Ogden Brittany Abrams Alex Kalamaras Eric Green Eric T. Hostnik Lincoln Every Jason A. Fuerst Ryan Jennings Christopher Premanandan Joshua N. Lorbach Sarah C. Linn Aneesh Alex Janet E. Sorrells Lingxiao Yang Stephen A. Boppart 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2021,50(1):111-120
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针对协作防火墙中冗余规则会降低其吞吐量的问题,提出一种基于双向去冗余的高吞吐量协作防火墙优化方法.该方法通过比对协作防火墙中双方的防火墙规则,双向去除域内防火墙之间的冗余规则,提高整个协作防火墙的数据包过滤能力.仿真实验结果表明,该方法的冗余率达到了22.7%,提高了8.2%吞吐量,明显优于已有协作防火墙优化方法. 相似文献
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Vegetable oils, synthetic esters (including transesterified oils) and mineral oils are the main classes of oil used in pesticide formulations. Biodegradation is a major route for the removal of oils from soil systems. Most of the oils used in pesticide formulations are degraded substantially in the laboratory tests that are used to assess aquatic biodegradability. The susceptibility of different oils to biodegradation can be explained in terms of the metabolic capacity of common microorganisms. Fewer soil biodegradability tests have been carried out with oils, but the available data suggest that the mode of degradation is not very different from that in aquatic systems. Supplements of inorganic nutrients (in particular nitrogen) are needed to stimulate microbial activity in soils containing the high concentrations of oil that can be encountered in the event of a spill. However, oils are applied at such low rates in pesticide form illations (maximum of 5g oil m? soil) that nutrient availability is unlikely to affect the rate of biodegradation in the field. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Diverse isolates of the soilborne wilt fungi Verticillium dahliae and V. albo-atrum were studied to understand the nature and origins of those infecting cruciferous hosts. All isolates from cruciferous crops produced microsclerotia, and the majority produced long conidia with a high nuclear DNA content; these isolates were divided into two groups by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. One group could be subdivided by other criteria such as rRNA sequences and mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Two crucifer isolates were short spored and had a low nuclear DNA content. The results are consistent with the crucifer isolates being interspecific hybrids. The long-spored isolates are best regarded as amphihaploids (or allodiploids) with the AFLP groups probably each representing separate interspecific hybridization events. The short-spored crucifer isolates appear to be derived from interspecific hybrids and are here called 'secondary haploids'. Molecular evidence suggests that one parent in the crosses was similar to V. dahliae. The other parent of the amphihaploids seems to have been more similar to V. albo-atrum than to V. dahliae, but was distinct from all isolates of either species so far studied. The implications for the taxonomy of crucifer isolates are discussed and the use of the name V. longisporum, proposed elsewhere for just some of these isolates, is discouraged. 相似文献