Recovery of brodifacoum in vomitus following induction of emesis in dogs that had ingested rodenticide bait

AIM: To assess the benefit of inducing emesis in dogs that have ingested rodenticide bait containing brodifacoum (BDF), by determining the amount of BDF in bait recovered from the vomitus relative to the estimated amount consumed.

METHODS: Between 2014 and 2015 samples of vomitus from seven dogs that ingested rodenticide baits containing BDF were submitted by veterinarians in New Zealand. All seven dogs had been given apomorphine by the veterinarian and vomited within 1 hour of ingesting the bait. Some or all of the bait particles were retrieved from each sample and were analysed for concentrations of BDF using HPLC. Based on estimations of the mass of bait consumed, the concentration of BDF stated on the product label, and the estimated mass of bait in the vomitus of each dog, the amount of BDF in the vomited bait was calculated as a percentage of the amount ingested.

RESULTS: For five dogs an estimation of the mass of bait ingested was provided by the submitting veterinarian. For these dogs the estimated percentage of BDF in the bait retrieved from the vomitus was between 10–77%. All dogs were well after discharge but only one dog returned for further testing. This dog had a normal prothrombin time 3 days after ingestion.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The induction of emesis within 1 hour of ingestion can be a useful tool in reducing the exposure of dogs to a toxic dose of BDF. The BDF was not fully absorbed within 1 hour of ingestion suggesting that the early induction of emesis can remove bait containing BDF before it can be fully absorbed.     

倾斜圆盘勺式玉米精密排种器的试验研究

为与铲式成穴器的结构特点相适应,选择倾斜圆盘勺式玉米精密排种器作为打穴播种机的排种机构。在分析分种勺结构特点和分种性能的基础上,通过试验确定了排种器倾角和转速对不同玉米种子分种性能的影响,并采用机械优化设计的方法对参数进行了优化组合。     

胰蛋白酶对叶蛋白水解作用的研究

以植物叶蛋白浓缩物为材料,用胰蛋白酶在不同条件下对其进行水解。结果表明,胰蛋白酶作用于植物叶蛋白,其最佳水解温度为４０℃;最佳水解ｐＨ值为９;水解程度随酶量和反应时间增加而增加;各种不同种类的植物叶蛋白在相同条件下被胰蛋白酶水解的程度基本一致,证明了植物叶蛋白易被动物体内蛋白酶分解。     

Botryosphaeria dothidea在苹果果实上的侵染过程(英文)

对Botryosphaeria dothidea通过皮孔侵入果实的过程进行了光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察,发现接种后2d分生孢子完成萌发和附着胞形成过程。接种后10d,菌丝体在皮孔表面缓慢生长。从20￣30d菌丝体加速扩展并形成几个分枝,通常从皮孔外围侵入果实,但仅限于皮孔表面组织。从40～50d,菌丝体扩展更为繁茂,一些菌丝开始突入皮孔的第2层组织。接种皮孔中可检测到多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG),但活性比对照高。皮孔有3层,第1层为含果胶的死组织,易被病菌侵染降解,底部的第3层非常坚固,是阻止病菌侵染的有效屏障。随果实发育,皮孔大小、数目和裂口均有规律地增加。我们的研究结果进一步证实了苹果轮纹病的潜伏侵染特性。     

Levan fructotransferase from Arthrobacter oxydans J17-21 catalyzes the formation of the di-D-fructose dianhydride IV from levan

A new levan fructotransferase (LFTase) isolated from Arthrobacter oxydans J17-21 was characterized for the production of difructose dianhydride IV (DFA IV). LFTase was purified to apparent homogeneity by Q-Sepharose ion exchange chromatography, Mono-Q HR 5/5 column chromatography, and gel permeation chromatography. The enzyme had an apparent molecular mass of 54000 Da. The optimum pH for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction was pH 6.5, and the optimum temperature was observed at 45 degrees C. The LFTase was activated by the presence of CaCl(2) and EDTA-2Na but inhibited strongly by MnCl(2) and CuSO(4) at 1 mM and completely by FeSO(4) and Ag(2)SO(4) at 1 mM. A bacterial levan from Zymomonas mobilis was incubated with an LFTase; final conversion yield from the levan to DFA IV was 35%. Neither inulin, levanbiose, sucrose, dextran, nor starch was hydrolyzed by LFTase. DFA IV was very stable at acidic pH and high temperature, thus indicating that DFA IV may be suitable for the food industry and related areas.     

江西银杏叶黄酮类化合物含量及变化规律研究(Ⅰ)

用分光光度法测定了从江西各地引种到江西农业大学的银杏其叶不同季节的黄酮类化合物含量,结果表明：不同种源的银杏叶黄酮含量差异较大;不同季节含量也有差异,以１０月份为最高。     

Equine amnionitis and fetal loss: The case definition for an unrecognised cause of abortion in mares

A series of abortions occurred in mares in New South Wales during 2004 that involved similar and unusual findings on post mortem examination of aborted fetuses and fetal membranes. The term Equine Amnionitis and Fetal Loss (EAFL) was developed to describe the condition. This form of abortion had not been previously recognised in Australia. The pathology alone is not specific for EAFL and diagnosis requires demonstration of a combination of certain pathological and bacteriological features. The purpose of this paper is to describe patterns considered consistent with EAFL cases as a working case definition for use by veterinarians and veterinary pathologists in identifying future cases of EAFL. More detailed papers are in preparation to fully describe the epidemiological, histopathological, and microbiological aspects of EAFL.     

Seasonal Changes in Cystoseira Myrica and Phosphorus Input at Two Sites of the Red Sea Egyptian Coast

Elevated phosphate concentrations at Safaga and Quseir, Red Sea, Egyptian coast, wererelated to some ecological and nutritional aspects of the macro-alga Cystoseira myrica during1985. The results obtained were compared with those recorded for a non-polluted control site atGhardaqa. Chemical analysis of surface seawater samples revealed that the concentrations of dissolvedphosphate at Safaga and Quseir were 3 and 20 times as much as that at Ghardaqa, respectively.The standing crop of C. myrica showed two peaks in spring and autumn. Maximum biomass yield(491 g m-2) and number of individuals (127 m-2) of C. myrica were recorded in the spring at theGhardaqa site. Quseir C. myrica samples contained significantly higher protein-N, total-N andtotal-P values but lower carbohydrate values than the Safaga and Ghardaqa samples (LSD at 1%level). Tissue N:P molar ratios for C. myrica, Laurencia papillosa and Ulva lactuca collected fromGhardaqa ranged from 68-98, compared to 30-59 for the same species collected at thephosphorus polluted sites at Safaga and Quseir. The carbon levels and the C:N ratios of C. myricaexhibited no significant variations in the three studied sites. However, the C:P ratios of Ghardaqaplants were significantly higher than those of Safaga and Quseir.     

Progressive ataxia associated with degenerative thoracic myelopathy in Merino sheep

A neurological disorder in Merino sheep, characterised clinically by progressive posterior ataxia and microscopically by Wallerian degeneration in thoracic segments of the spinal cord, is described. Animals of both sexes were affected, with the earliest onset of disease being at 5 months of age. Most affected animals died before 2 years of age. The clinical, pathological and epidemiological features suggest that this degenerative thoracic myelopathy is a previously unrecognised entity differing from other reported causes of ataxia in sheep in Australia.     

关于加强对肉鸡非典型新城疫和低致病性禽流感防治的建议

随着对鸡传染病防制技术水平的提高和相应的高科技产品的推广运用,加上政府和广大养鸡场（户）对典型新城疫（ND）和高致病性禽流感（HPAIH5亚型）防制工作的重视,成功地控制了这两种疾病的发生。但当前肉鸡业最易忽视、危害又最大的却是非典型新城疫（CND）和低致病力H9亚型禽流感（LPAI）。所谓“重视”是大家都接种了AI和ND疫苗,而忽视的是对AI只接种H5亚型而未接种H9亚型禽流感疫苗;