产房内仔猪腹泻的原因及防治措施

仔猪腹泻是目前规模化养猪生产中最严重的仔猪疾病之一.产房内仔猪发生腹泻后,轻者可使患病仔猪体质下降和免疫功能减退从而导致其对其他疾病的抵抗力减弱,严重者可引起仔猪死亡,给养猪生产造成严重经济损失.     

东莞市"绿韵"生态园区生物变化调查

东莞市"绿韵"生态园区经过近4年的建设,植物种类从原来的175种上升到263种,各类品种资源丰富,布局合理;鸟类、蛙类、蜘蛛、蛇类等野生动物日渐增多,有害昆虫种类数从原来的41种降到36种,主要害虫的种群密度在下降,有益昆虫种类数从原来的8种上升到14种,大多数有益昆虫的种群密度在上升;作物病害的种类数从原来的55种下降到34种,一些主要作物病害发病率在下降。     

用菌草培养食线虫真菌淡紫拟青霉

分别比较了菌草+麸皮培养基、麦粒培养基、谷壳+麸皮+虾壳粉培养基、营养珍珠岩培养基和菌草+麸皮+虾壳粉培养基培养食线虫真菌淡紫拟青霉(Paecilomyces lilacinus)的产孢能力.培养14 d后,淡紫拟青霉在菌草+麸皮培养基上的产孢量达86.80亿个.g-1,明显优于供试的其他培养基.菌草+麸皮培养基具有疏松、通气、比表面积大、菌丝生长迅速、产孢量大等优点,具有良好的应用前景.     

水稻根际和周围土壤中微生物功能基因丰度与碳、氮状况及其通量之间的关系

Rapid nitrogen（N） transformations and losses occur in the rice rhizosphere through root uptake and microbial activities. However,the relationships between rice roots and rhizosphere microbes for N utilization are still unclear. We analyzed different N forms（NH＋4,NO-3, and dissolved organic N）, microbial biomass N and C, dissolved organic C, CH4 and N2O emissions, and abundance of microbial functional genes in both rhizosphere and bulk soils after 37-d rice growth in a greenhouse pot experiment. Results showed that the dissolved organic C was significantly higher in the rhizosphere soil than in the non-rhizosphere bulk soil, but microbial biomass C showed no significant difference. The concentrations of NH＋4, dissolved organic N, and microbial biomass N in the rhizosphere soil were significantly lower than those of the bulk soil, whereas NO-3in the rhizosphere soil was comparable to that in the bulk soil. The CH4 and N2O fluxes from the rhizosphere soil were much higher than those from the bulk soil. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the abundance of seven selected genes, bacterial and archaeal 16 S rRNA genes, amoA genes of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nosZ gene, mcrA gene, and pmoA gene, was lower in the rhizosphere soil than in the bulk soil, which is contrary to the results of previous studies. The lower concentration of N in the rhizosphere soil indicated that the competition for N in the rhizosphere soil was very strong, thus having a negative effect on the numbers of microbes. We concluded that when N was limiting, the growth of rhizosphere microorganisms depended on their competitive abilities with rice roots for N.     

绮丽小克银汉霉对南方根结线虫卵的寄生性

利用水琼脂平板法测定分离于南方根结线虫卵囊的绮丽小克银汉霉对南方根结线虫游离卵及卵囊中的卵寄生性.结果发现,绮丽小克银汉霉对平板上游离卵的寄生性低,寄生率为21.1%;完整卵囊接种菌后,菌丝可定殖于卵囊表面,但卵囊内的卵未见被寄生.本试验对绮丽小克银汉霉作为生防菌的应用可能性进行了探讨.     

广州地区烟粉虱寄主植物调查初报

调查记录了广州地区烟粉虱的寄主植物，经鉴定达46科123属176种（变种），主要集中在茄科、葫芦科、豆科、十字花科、菊料和大戟科，其中包括蔬菜、果树、花卉、园林植物、经济作物和杂草等。并根据寄主植物上烟粉虱的数量将烟粉虱的为害程度划分成4个不同的等级。     

职业教育要为新农村建设服务

推进新农村建设,必须培养大量农村实用型人才和技能型人才,普及农业先进实用技术,大力提高农民思想道德和科学文化素质,转移大量的农村剩余劳动力。文中首先分析了当前职业教育亟需解决的问题,接着提出了职业教育为“三农”服务,必须进行的几项改革,最后则提出了“职业教育为‘三农’服务要注重提高和转化并举”的措施。     

人类活动对三江平原东北部湿地鸟类的干扰

人类的开垦和开发活动使湿地鸟类遭到严重干扰和破坏.三江平原湿地鸟类的主要人为干扰方式有农业开垦、城市开发、水利工程、采矿、道路与桥梁的修建和旅游等,利用层次分析法来定量分析人类活动的主要干扰方式对湿地鸟类的影响.研究结果表明,研究区内人类活动对湿地鸟类的干扰是由东向西、由北向南逐渐增强,鸟类丰富度与干扰度之间呈抛物线关系.