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排序方式: 共有166条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Minimal Set of Metabolic Pathways Suggested from the Genome of Onion Yellows Phytoplasma 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2.
Hiromitsu Furuya Tsutomu Matsumoto Shin-ichi Fuji Hideki Naito 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(2):115-119
Rice seedling growth, estimated by plant height and root development and discoloration, was better in pasteurized soil than
in unpasteurized soil obtained from a flooded rice field. Rice seedlings also grew better in sterilized soil modified by adding
roots harvested from the pasteurized soil than in soil modified by adding roots harvested from the unpasteurized soil. The
results demonstrate that seedling growth in the rice field soil was inhibited by soil microorganisms, even though no typical
symptoms such as seedling blight or damping-off appeared. Pythium aristosporum is suggested to be involved in the inhibition. Thus, it appears that inconspicuous restraint of rice seedling growth could
occur in soils of rice paddy fields.
Received: May 20, 2002 / Accepted: October 16, 2002
Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr. T. Ichitani, former professor at Osaka Prefectural University, for providing an isolate of Pythium aristosporum for comparison, and Mr. Mitsuaki Sato of Akita Prefectural College of Agriculture for technical assistance. 相似文献
3.
AIM: To study the molecular biological mechanism and signal transduction pathway of interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced apoptosis in A375-S2 melanoma cells. METHODS: Photomicrocropy showed typical apoptotic changes. The cytotoxic effect of IL-1β in vitro and influences of caspases in this effect were measured by MTT assay. The cytotoxicity of cells was assessed by LDH-based assay. Degradation of DNA was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: The inhibitory effect of IL-1β on A375-S2 cell growth was in a dose and time-dependent manner, and cell death rate reached more than 90% at 72 h after treatment with 10-9mol/L IL-1β. The inhibitors of caspase-family, -1, -3, -8, -9, and -10, partially blocked cell death at early stage. LDH assay showed that major IL-1β-induced cell death was apoptosis, and in a dose and time-dependent manner. Typical apoptotic DNA ladder was observed in agarose gel electrophoresis. CONCLUSION: IL-1β induced apoptosis in melanoma A375-S2 cells by activating caspase pathway. 相似文献
4.
Kumiko TAKEDA Masahiro SATOH Shreeram P. NEOPANE Bahadur S. KUWAR Hari D. JOSHI Nanda P. SHRESTHA Hiroshi FUJISE Mariko TASAI Takahiro TAGAMI Hirofumi HANADA 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(2):103-110
Dwarf Lulu cattle, the only Bos Taurus type of cattle in Nepal, are raised under severe environments in the mountainous zone of that country. In the present study, the body measurement traits, cytogenetic and molecular genetic characteristics of the Lulu cattle are investigated. Blood samples were collected from 31 animals in four villages (altitudes 2590–3550 m) in the southern part of Mustang. The Lulu cattle had a normal karyotype with 2n = 60, XY or XX. Only one male examined had a large submetacentric X‐chromosome and a small submetacentric taurine type Y‐chromosome. The mitochodrial DNA (mtDNA) genotypes were analyzed by PCR mediated restriction fragment length polymorphisms, displacement (D)‐loop region PCR mediated single strand conformation polymorphisms, and D‐loop region sequences. Many base substitutions were found in the D‐loop region, suggesting that the Lulu cattle originated from at least 10 maternal lines. Three types of mtDNA from these cattle were found, the Bos taurus type (n = 23), the Bos indicus type (n = 6), and the Bos grunniens type (n = 2). In the village at the lowest altitude, four of the five cows were of the Bos indicus type. These results indicated that mtDNA types of the Lulu cattle mostly belong to Bos taurus, but have been hybridized with Bos indicus cattle in lower‐elevation regions in their maternal lineage. 相似文献
5.
Tomoki Hashimoto Katsuya Hyodoh Takuma Hirose Satoshi Nishikawa Toshiya Katano Shin-ichi Nakano 《Aquaculture International》2008,16(4):309-318
In the pearl cultivation farms of the Ehime Prefecture, Japan, mass mortalities of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata have occurred since 1994. The occurrences of mass mortality roughly coincided with a shift of the dominant phytoplankton
from Skeletonema and Chaetoceros to Chaetoceros and Nitzschia all of which belong to Bacillariophyceae. Hence, we evaluated Nitzschia, together with Chaetoceros and Isocrysis, as food for the oyster. Wet weights, lengths, widths, glycogen contents, and growth rates in terms of wet weight of the
oysters in all the feeding treatments were significantly higher than those in the non-feeding treatment. The highest glycogen
content (2.34%) and growth rate (2.21 g month−1) were found in the Chaetoceros treatment. Growth rate in the Isocrysis treatment (1.63 g month−1) was also high, although glycogen content in this treatment (0.41%) was low. In the Nitzschia treatment, growth rate of the oyster (0.94 g month−1) was the lowest and glycogen content (0.83%) was also low relative to that in the Chaetoceros treatment. Chlorophyll a concentration in fecal pellets was lowest in the Nitzschia treatment (<2.7 μg mg−1), suggesting more complete digestion of Nitzschia by the oyster. Thus, Nitzschia was edible and digestible but not assimilated by P. fucata. We propose the following scenario for the relationship between Nitzschia dominance and mass mortality. When Nitzschia dominates in a culture area, the physiological condition of P. fucata deteriorates due to low assimilation of Nitzschia by the oyster, followed by susceptibility of the oyster to infection by agents lethal to the oyster. 相似文献
6.
Effects of feeding and animal performance on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium excretion by Holstein cows 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hideki KOJIMA Shin-ichi KUME Kazuhisa NONAKA Tomoko OSHITA Takaharu KOZAKAI Hiroyuki HIROOKA 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(2):139-145
Thirty‐four Holstein dry cows and 16 lactating cows were used in balance trials to identify the effects of feeding and animal performance on nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) excretion by dairy cows, and to develop prediction models for these excreta. Orchard grass silage, corn silage, alfalfa silage or timothy hay were offered to dry cows. Orchard grass silage or alfalfa silage, and concentrates were offered to lactating cows. In the statistical analysis, the independent variables were bodyweight (kg), dry matter (DM) intake (kg/day), milk yield (for lactating cows only, kg/day), water intake (free water plus water in feed, kg/day), intake (g/day) of N, P and K and dietary contents (% of DM) of crude protein, P and K. The dependent variables were N, P and K excretion (g/day) in feces and urine. In both dry and lactating cows, intake of N, P and K had large effects on corresponding excretion. The results indicated that a decrease in the intake of N, P and K could decrease the corresponding excretion. Further research by path analysis showed that K intake positively affected urinary N excretion in dry cows indirectly, through water intake and urine volume. 相似文献
7.
Kuroishi T Komine K Kai K Itagaki M Kobayashi J Ohta M Kamata S Kumagai K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(8):899-906
To investigate the pathological role of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) in bovine mastitis, the production of SEs and TSST-1 was investigated in staphylococci isolated from 120 mammary gland secretions (MGS, 51 from no clinical sign-mammary glands and 69 from staphylococcal mastitic-mammary glands) collected from dairy farms where staphylococcal mastitis frequently occurred in Miyagi and Yamagata prefectures from 1997 to 1998. Concentrations of these toxins and specific antibody titers in each MGS were also measured. Furthermore, SEC and TSST-1 were inoculated into lactating mammary glands and inflammatory responses were analyzed. A high percentage of staphylococci including Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from both no clinical sign- and mastitic-MGS produced both SEC and/or TSST-1. The concentration of SEC increased with the severity of the mastitis, and was significantly higher (P<0.05) in acute mastitic-than in no clinical signs-MGS. Titers of specific antibodies to TSST-1 in MGS were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those to SEC, regardless of whether or not the cows were lactating or mastitic. Specific antibodies purified from MGS neutralized each toxin in vitro. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in somatic cell counts was induced by the intramammary inoculation of SEC but not TSST-1. These findings indicated that SEC rather than TSST-1 plays an important role in the pathology of staphylococcal bovine mastitis. The inflammatory activity of TSST-1 was probably neutralized by specific antibodies in MGS. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
Yojiro YANAGAWA Yukiko MATSUURA Masatsugu SUZUKI Shin-ichi SAGA Hideto OKUYAMA Daisuke FUKUI Gen BANDO Masashi NAGANO Seiji KATAGIRI Yoshiyuki TAKAHASHI Toshio TSUBOTA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(1):61-66
Generally, sika deer conceive a single fetus, but approximately 80% of pregnant females have two corpora lutea (CLs). The function of the accessory CL (ACL) is unknown; moreover, the process of ACL formation is unclear, and understanding this is necessary to know its role. To elucidate the process of ACL formation, the ovarian dynamics of six adult Hokkaido sika deer females were examined ultrasonographically together with peripheral estradiol-17β and progesterone concentrations. ACLs formed in three females that conceived at the first estrus of the breeding season, but not in those females that conceived at the second estrus. After copulation, postconception ovulation of the dominant follicle of the first wave is induced by an increase in estradiol-17β, which leads to formation of an ACL. A relatively low concentration of progesterone after the first estrus of the breeding season is considered to be responsible for the increase in estradiol-17β after copulation. 相似文献