柠檬酸废液深层培养双孢蘑菇菌丝蛋白的研究

柠檬酸工业废液中含有一定有效物质,如糖类、蛋白质、矿物质等,可供微生物利用。本文介绍了利用废液深层培养双孢蘑菇菌丝蛋白的可能性及条件。并用1吨发酵堆进行生产试验,探讨了生产工艺条件,分析了发酵液中底物、产物的动态变化。双孢蘑菇菌丝蛋白培养温度25℃,底物 pH6,发酵周期6天,菌球直径1～3mm,菌球数量4.8×10~3个/ml,菌丝温重达底物量的29.3%。在上述条件下,发酵液中菌球直经、菌丝数量、发酵液粘度受生物剪切作用的影响,粘度大,剪切作用大,菌球直径小,菌球数量则多。本文为新型单细胞蛋白的开发,促进物质的多层次利用,消除环境污染,提供了一个新途径。     

马尾松截根苗造林林分生长状况分析

由于马尾松常规苗主根发达，侧根较少，造林成活率较低。1990年起选用了马尾松截根苗造林，以期提高其造林成活率，取得了较好的效果。^[1-2]通过对马尾松截根苗造林13年生林分生长现状调查分析，试图进一步揭示截根对林木生长的影响，为大力推广应用截根苗造林提供了科学的理论依据。     

植物活体水分探测仪的研制及测试初报

利用NIM插件探测器及金硅面垒探头组装了植物活体水分探测仪;筛选并分析了仪器的最佳工作条件;检测了春小麦、玉米、苜蓿、豌豆、红豆草叶片鲜重的变化。结果表明;叶片水分随时间损失大的,其抗旱性差。叶片保水的秩序为:红豆草、豌豆>苜蓿>春小麦>玉米。     

高美施对平菇母种生长发育的影响

本试验是在ＰＤＡ培养丛中，添加不同浓度的高美施微肥，通过两个供试菌株的对比试验，选出了适宜各菌抹的最佳高美施生长浓度，结果，不同苗株在不同浓反的高美施培养基中的在现不一致。因此．在制种工作中，要根据平菇不同品种的特征特性来确定其最佳生长的营养条件。高美施在平菇母种制种技术上的应用在国内属首次报道。     

云南省世界银行贷款“国家造林项目（NAP）”科技推广

本文报告了云南世行贷款“国家造林项目（ＮＡＰ）”的科技推广后所取得的成效。为了增加项目造林的科技含量，项目一启动就重视科技成果的推广，前后推广了省内外重要科技成果６项，对主要造林树种建立了试验林、示范林、环境保护监测样地，以及配套的科学管理等措施。通过这些举措，使项目造林取得显著成效，完成造林任务６４２７５．８１ｈｍ２（９６．４万亩），为协议任务面积的１４６．１％，造林成活率达９５％以上，保存率达９０％以上。由于生产与科技紧密结合，从而大大提高了科学造林水平，使“ＮＡＰ”项目在省内工程造林中起到了示范作用。     

椰糠对黄瓜穴盘苗生长发育的影响

将草炭、椰糠、蛭石按不同比例配制育苗基质,探讨椰糠对黄瓜秧苗生长发育的影响。结果表明,椰糠具有较好的保水性,酸碱度适合于作为穴盘育苗基质,出苗情况较好,秧苗质量高,证明椰糠是一种良好的园艺栽培基质。     

Effects of FK506 on anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis in rats

AIM:To investigate the effects of FK506 on anti-glomerular basement membrane(GBM) nephritis in rats. METHODS: Anti-GBM nephritis model was elaborated by rabbit anti-rat GBM antibody injection in SD rats in this study. The rats were divided into three groups: FK506 treated group(0.5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1, sc), untreated nephritis control group and normal control group. FK506 was administered daily six hours after injection of anti-GBM IgG. All the rats were observed urinary protein at the 4th day, the 14th day and the 21st day. At the same time, the kidney specimens were collected, and T cell transforming function was also monitored.RESULTS:Rats injected with rabbit anti-GBM Ab developed heavy proteinuria by 4 days, and serum creatinine and serum urea appeared which kept on the rising. Glmerular hypercellularity, crescents, and protein casts were observed in nephritic rats. By electron microscopy, the thickening of GBM and loss of foot processes were seen. T cell transforming function was higher than normal. But, all pathological changes obviously turned for the better in FK506 treated group. CONCLUSION:FK506 could inhibit the progression of rat anti-GBM nephritis.     

甜橙新品种‘兴国甜橙3-5’

 ‘兴国甜橙3-5 ’是从实生‘兴国甜橙’后代中选出的新品种。果皮橙黄至橙红色。果实近圆球形, 平均单果质量167. 7 g , 可溶性固形物含量13. 6% ~ 15. 1%, 总糖含量10. 3% ~ 11. 5%, 总酸含量0. 47%~ 0. 93%, 可食率79. 27%~ 80. 75%, 果汁率65. 18%~ 65. 96%, 11 月上旬成熟。     

水氮供应对地下滴灌紫花苜蓿生长特征及草地小气候的影响

为探讨不同水氮处理条件下紫花苜蓿生长状况与草地小气候特征的关系,以2年生紫花苜蓿“巨能7号”为研究对象,采用田间试验和室内分析相结合的方法,研究了宁夏引黄灌区地下滴灌条件下不同滴灌量和施氮量处理下紫花苜蓿生长特征和草地小气候的变化。结果表明:1)滴灌量和施氮量对紫花苜蓿的株高、叶面积和鲜草产量都有显著的影响,表现为紫花苜蓿的株高、叶面积和鲜草产量均随滴灌量和施氮量的增加而增加,当施氮量增加到一定值时,继续增施氮肥,其鲜草产量增产效果在不同滴灌量处理下表现出不同的趋势。2)与不施氮处理相比,增施氮肥降低了紫花苜蓿株间空气温度、浅层土层温度和株间光照强度,而增加了群体内部空气相对湿度。3)不同滴灌量对紫花苜蓿的生长微环境的调节作用不同,随着滴灌量的增加,紫花苜蓿群体相对湿度逐渐提高,而紫花苜蓿株间气温和浅层土层温度降温效应越明显。4)紫花苜蓿生育期间株高与叶面积、草产量和群体内部相对湿度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与群体内光照强度、株间气温、浅层土壤温度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。合理减少滴灌量和施氮量不仅能维持紫花苜蓿良好的生长特征,而且能提高鲜草产量和改善草地生态环境条件。本研究旨在为紫花苜蓿群体微环境生态因子的改善及高产优质栽培措施提供科学依据。     

Can treatment of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brachiaria decumbens</Emphasis> (signal grass) improve its utilisation in the diet in small ruminants?—a review

Brachiaria decumbens is an extremely productive tropical grass due to its aggressive growth habit and its adaptation to a varied range of soil types and environments. As a result of the vast availability, treated B. decumbens demonstrates as a promising local material that could be utilised as an improved diet for sheep and goats. Despite the fact that the grass significantly increases weight gains in grazing farm animals, there were many reports of general ill-thrift and sporadic outbreaks of photosensitivity in livestock due to the toxic compound of steroidal saponin found in B. decumbens. Ensiling and haymaking were found to be effective in removing toxin and undesirable compounds in the grass. Biological treatments using urea, activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol, and effective microorganisms were found to be useful in anti-nutritional factor deactivation and improving the nutritive values of feedstuffs. Besides, oral administration of phenobarbitone showed some degree of protection in sheep that fed on B. decumbens pasture. In this review, we aim to determine the effect of B. decumbens toxicity and possible treatment methods on the grass to be used as an improved diet for small ruminant.