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1.
2.
Matazaemon Uchida Yasuo Irie Norio Kurihara Toshio Fujita Minoru Nakajima 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1975,5(3):258-264
Lindane analogs, in which one or two chlorine atoms are replaced by various substituents, exhibit convulsive and lethal effects on Periplaneta americana (L.). Some analogs are as active as lindane. These effects are well related to the neuroexcitatory action which produces after-discharges in the central nervous system. Carbamate insecticides have potent convulsive and lethal effects on P. americana, which are also related to after-discharges produced in nerve cords. Convulsion caused by lindane analogs and carbamates is solely attributable to their neuroexcitatory effects on the nervous system, in spite of the difference in their ultimate modes of action. 相似文献
3.
Kentaro OKUNO Mitsuro KAMEYA-IWAKI Minoru TAKESHITA Naruto FURUYA Yoichi TAKANAMI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(1):108-109
A Cucumber mosaic virus was newly isolated from Silene armeria and was characterized by biological, serological and molecular biological methods.
Received 4 July 2001/ Accepted in revised form 28 August 2001 相似文献
4.
Yamamoto Y Nakamura K Kitagawa K Ikenaga N Yamada M Mase M Narita M 《Avian diseases》2007,51(1):52-57
One-day-old, 2-wk-old, and 4-wk-old call ducks (Anas platyrhyncha var. domestica) inoculated intravenously with the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/2004 isolate (Ck/Yama/7/04) were examined clinically, pathologically, and virologically. Clinically, the birds exhibited mild-to-severe neurologic signs and corneal opacity. All birds in the 1-day-old group and one bird in the 4-wk-old group died within 4 days after the virus inoculation. Histologic changes were characterized by severe nonpurulent encephalitis and necrotic lesions of feather epithelium on day 3 postinoculation (PI) or later. Focal necrosis of myocardial cells, pancreatic acinar cells, skeletal myocytes, and corneal epithelial cells was observed. Viral antigens were detected in association with necrotic changes. Viruses were isolated from all examined organs including the skin with many feathers. Serum antibody against the virus was detected in all surviving birds on day 10 PI by hemagglutination-inhibition tests. These results suggest that Ck/Yama/7/04 has a pathogenicity that causes neurologic sign, nonpurulent encephalitis with mortality, and feather lesions for call ducks. Feather lesions with viral antigens and the virus isolation from the skin suggest that Ck/Yama/ 7/04 has a predilection for feathers in call ducks. 相似文献
5.
Isao Tada Minoru Motoki Nobuyoshi Takahashi Tetsuji Miyata Tomoko Takechi Toshiro Uchida Yasushi Takagi 《Pest management science》1996,48(2):165-173
A series of novel 4,5-dihydropyrazole-5-thiones (DHPs) was synthesised by treating the corresponding dihydropyrazolones with ‘Lawesson’s reagent and evaluated for miticidal activity against two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch). Of these, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-5-thione, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-ethyl-4-methyl-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-5-thione, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-5-thione-4-spirocyclopentane and 4,4-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-4,5-dihydropyrazole-5-thione were highly active (pEC50>4·0) and were more effective than the miticide dicofol (pEC50=3·879), which has traditionally been used for the control of phytophagous mites. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies were performed on each position of the pyrazole ring of DHPs. The results indicated that the unsubstituted phenyl, 4-substituted phenyl and thioxo groups on the 1-, 3- and 5-positions of DHPs respectively were required for activity. Quantitative SAR studies using physicochemical parameters of substituents and the capacity factor k′ as a hydrophobicity index suggested that: (a) the activities of all types of DHPs examined were mainly dominated by hydrophobicity, (b) the bulkiness of 4-substituents of the 3-phenyl ring favoured the activity and (c) the log k′ optimum for all DHPs was 1·675, equivalent to a log Pow value of c. 5·0. 相似文献
6.
Kazuhiro Shiozaki Momo Shiozaki Junko Masuda Akiko Yamauchi Shuichi Ohwada Toshiki Nakano Toshiyasu Yamaguchi Tadao Saito Koji Muramoto Minoru Sato 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(5):865-872
Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a crucial role in the crisis of hypertension. Some peptides that originate from
protease hydrolysates are known to suppress ACE activity in vitro and in vivo. Here, we investigated whether trypsin hydrolysate
of oyster Crassostrea gigas showed hypotensive activity and ACE inhibition. The hydrolysate significantly suppressed systolic blood pressure and ACE
activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats following a one-shot oral administration and a long-term feeding experiment lasting
9 weeks. Each hydrolysate from oyster tissue showed ACE inhibitory activity, indicating the hypotensive effect was due to
synergism. One potent ACE inhibitory peptide, Asp-Leu-Thr-Asp-Tyr, was identified from the hydrolysate of the striate muscle,
and the peptide exhibited hypotensive activity in vivo. Protease digestion analysis suggested that Asp-Tyr could be the real
effector of this penta-peptide in vivo. 相似文献
7.
Maria Rowena R. Romana-Eguia Minoru Ikeda Zubaida U. Basiao Nobuhiko Taniguchi 《Aquaculture International》2010,18(6):1205-1221
Growth of several genetically improved Nile tilapia (GIFT or Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia, FaST or Freshwater Aquaculture
Center Selected Tilapia, SEAFDEC-selected) and domesticated red tilapia (BFS or Binangonan Freshwater Station, NIFI-red or
National Inland Fisheries Institute red, HL or Hacienda Luisita) stocks were compared in controlled (tank) and uncontrolled
farm conditions (lake-based cages) with unselected NIFI or Chitralada Nile tilapia as control. Specific growth rate differed
significantly (P = 0.009) in tank-reared Nile tilapia stocks where GIFT grew best at 1.358%/day followed by FaST (1.307%/day), control stock
NIFI (1.257%/day) and SEAFDEC-selected (1.202%/day). Genetic effect explained 84.4% of the variance in growth of Nile tilapia
in tanks. Although Nile tilapia growth in cages followed the same trend where GIFT grew best at 1.570%/day, no significant
stock differences (P = 0.479) were noted. Meanwhile, red tilapia reared in either tanks or cages showed no significant stock differences in terms
of growth. However, survival of the red tilapia stocks in cages differed significantly with HL having the highest percentage
survival at 93.3%. The different growth responses of the Nile tilapia stocks especially under controlled (tank) farm conditions
were largely due to genetic factors (stock differences).Under uncontrolled farm conditions, environmental factors were generally
observed to have also affected the survival and to some extent, the growth of Asian Nile and red tilapia stocks. 相似文献
8.
Itaru Shioya Koji Inoue Akihisa Abe Akira Takeshita Takahiro Yamaguchi 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(5):883-889
The meat quality of farmed yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata fed on extruded pellets (EP) containing 0.5% (v/v) red pepper (experimental group) was compared with yellowtail of the same
age fed on EP (control group). In 1-year-old yellowtail, the crude lipid content of the dorsal muscle of the experimental
group tended to be lower than that of the control group. In contrast, there was no difference in the lipid content of the
dorsal muscle between the control group and the experimental group in 2-year-old yellowtail. The muscle texture of the experimental
group was significantly firmer than that of the control group, with the effect of red pepper unrelated to fish age and lipid
content. Color change of red muscle of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and
the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in the red muscle was significantly lower in the experimental group
than in the control group. These results are the first to demonstrate that the inclusion of red pepper in the diet is able
to reduce the loss of muscle texture firmness and to slow down color change in red muscle of yellowtail. 相似文献
9.
Total labor time on paddy rice has been decreasing year by year with the development and introduction of appropriate herbicides, especially ‘one‐shot' herbicides. However, in the case of application of granules, it is still difficult for a farmer to apply herbicides while carrying heavy power backpack sprayers. New formulation recipes and different application technology such as a throw‐in type formulation on jumbo granules or flowable has improved heavy workloads in comparison with granule application by using heavy power backpack sprayers. In addition, other advantageous points such as application volume and elimination of the drift problems of this new application technology were introduced and confirmed. As a result of this introduction, these formulations were used in 830 000 ha and reached 30% of the total treatment area in paddy rice in 2000. 相似文献
10.
Kuroishi T Komine K Kai K Itagaki M Kobayashi J Ohta M Kamata S Kumagai K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(8):899-906
To investigate the pathological role of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) in bovine mastitis, the production of SEs and TSST-1 was investigated in staphylococci isolated from 120 mammary gland secretions (MGS, 51 from no clinical sign-mammary glands and 69 from staphylococcal mastitic-mammary glands) collected from dairy farms where staphylococcal mastitis frequently occurred in Miyagi and Yamagata prefectures from 1997 to 1998. Concentrations of these toxins and specific antibody titers in each MGS were also measured. Furthermore, SEC and TSST-1 were inoculated into lactating mammary glands and inflammatory responses were analyzed. A high percentage of staphylococci including Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from both no clinical sign- and mastitic-MGS produced both SEC and/or TSST-1. The concentration of SEC increased with the severity of the mastitis, and was significantly higher (P<0.05) in acute mastitic-than in no clinical signs-MGS. Titers of specific antibodies to TSST-1 in MGS were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those to SEC, regardless of whether or not the cows were lactating or mastitic. Specific antibodies purified from MGS neutralized each toxin in vitro. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in somatic cell counts was induced by the intramammary inoculation of SEC but not TSST-1. These findings indicated that SEC rather than TSST-1 plays an important role in the pathology of staphylococcal bovine mastitis. The inflammatory activity of TSST-1 was probably neutralized by specific antibodies in MGS. 相似文献