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排序方式: 共有179条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
A Campylobacter jejuni isolate obtained from a turkey liver, designated C101, and a C. jejuni isolate obtained from the feces of a chicken, designated C111, were used to inoculate their respective hosts. Isolate C101 depressed weight gain by 20% when inoculated into newly hatched poults or 4-day-old poults. It also caused death, hepatic necrosis, and generalized hemorrhages in turkey embryos. The chicken-derived isolate, C111, did not reduce weight gain in newly hatched chicks, but it did induce mortality in chicken embryos. The supernatant of the cultures of both C. jejuni isolates also caused mortality in embryos. 相似文献
2.
Hiroto Miura Takuya Hashimoto Yukiko Kawanishi Hiroki Kawauchi Ryo Inoue Noriaki Shoji Kunihiko Saito Mario Sekiya Yosuke Saito Jumpei Yasuda Chiemi Yonezawa Tetsushiro Endo Hirotaka Kasuya Yutaka Suzuki Yasuo Kobayashi Satoshi Koike 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13601
The rumen microbiota comprises a vast range of bacterial taxa, which may affect the production of high-quality meat in Japanese Black cattle. The aim of this study was to identify core rumen microbiota in rumen fluid samples collected from 74 Japanese Black cattle raised under different dietary conditions using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. In the rumen of fattening Japanese Black cattle, 10 bacterial taxa, showing >1% average relative abundance and >95% prevalence, irrespective of the dietary conditions and the fattening periods, were identified as the core rumen bacterial taxa, which accounted for approximately 80% of the rumen microbiota in Japanese Black cattle. Additionally, population dynamics of the core rumen bacterial taxa revealed two distinct patterns: Prevotella spp. and unclassified Bacteroidales decreased in the mid-fattening period, whereas unclassified Clostridiales, unclassified Ruminococcaceae, Ruminococcus spp., and unclassified Christensenellaceae increased during the same period. Therefore, the present study reports the wide distribution of the core rumen bacterial taxa in Japanese Black cattle, and the complementary nature of the population dynamics of these core taxa, which may ensure stable rumen fermentation during the fattening period. 相似文献
3.
Thermal inactivation of Ca2+ ATPase of squid myofibrils was significantly suppressed in the presence of Ca2+. Monomeric myosin content decreased much faster than Ca2+ ATPase inactivation in Ca medium, which was well explained by fast rod denaturation. In contrast, rod denaturation was slower
than S-1 in EDTA medium. The decrease in monomeric myosin content was explained by faster S-1 denaturation. Comparing the
S-1 and rod denaturation rates at a fixed temperature, it was concluded that S-1 denaturation was suppressed by Ca2+ whereas the rod denaturation was not. An unfolding experiment with isolated myosin rod confirmed that there was no stabilizing
effect of Ca2+ on myosin rod. It was concluded that significant stabilization of the S-1 portion by Ca2+ generated the apparently different myosin denaturation patterns in the two media. 相似文献
4.
Laddawan Krongpong Kunihiko Futami Takayuki Katagiri Makoto Endo Masashi Maita 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(5):1055-1061
Furazolidone, an antibacterial drug that was once widely used in the livestock industry and aquaculture, is now prohibited
in numerous countries. It is difficult to detect residual furazolidone because it is readily metabolized in animal tissues
but, by using and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, its metabolite, 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ)
can be detected. Here we describe the validity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit to detect AOZ in Japanese
eel Anguilla japonica tissue. ELISA is capable of detecting AOZ at 1.0 μg/kg in an eel sample with excellent accuracy and precision. Our results
show that ELISA is suitable for regulatory purposes and for studying the fate of AOZ residues in eel treated with furazolidone.
To measure the persistence of AOZ in eel tissues, eels (1.4–6.5g) were immersed in tanks containing 2 and 10 mg furazolidone/L
for 3 h, and then maintained in a tank supplying well water for the next 160 days. The half-lives of AOZ, calculated from
the linear terminal part of the excretion curve, were 25.0 days in muscle and 21.6 days in liver from fish exposed to 2 mg/L
furazolidone. In the eels treated with 10 mg/L furazolidone, by contrast, high levels of AOZ were detected in liver and muscle,
but the half-lives of AOZ were similar to those in fish treated with 2 mg/L furazolidone. The half-lives of AOZ in eel tissues
were prolonged by the condition of low water temperature. 相似文献
5.
牙鲆在保藏过程中影响ATP关联化合物降解的因素 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
为了深入了解牙鲆体内ATP关联化合物的变化,尤其是肌苷酸(IMP)降解这一限速步骤,利用高效液相色谱法(high efficiency liquid chromatography,HPLC)测定不同保藏条件下牙鲆体内ATP关联化合物和K值变化,并探讨了影响其变化的因素。结果显示,0°C保藏条件下牙鲆体内ATP在1 d内迅速降解,产生IMP作为初期的主要积累物质,蓄积一段时间(10 d)后迅速降解为次黄嘌呤(Hx),IMP的降解过程呈现二相性;鱼肉制成鱼糜形态保藏,ATP 0 d时几乎降解完全,但IMP的降解过程仍旧呈现二相性;加入抗菌素的鱼肉中微生物的生长得到有效抑制,此时IMP降解缓慢并且呈线性下降,原本的蓄积过程消失,K值的增长速率也随之减慢;加入Tritonx-100破坏细胞膜结构发现,牙鲆体内IMP的降解速率加快,同时K值的增长速率也随之加快。结果表明,牙鲆的保藏形态影响ATP的降解速率,但几乎不影响其他关联产物的降解变化;保藏后期外源微生物产生的酶与内源酶的叠加作用是导致保藏后期IMP加速降解、从而呈现二相性的原因,微生物是影响ATP关联化合物降解的关键因素;表面活性剂通过改变细胞膜结构也能够影响IMP的降解过程。 相似文献
6.
Shinya Kasajima Chidori Katagiri Toshikazu Morishita Tatsuro Suzuki Yuji Mukasa 《Plant Production Science》2017,20(4):384-388
Common buckwheat is a self-incompatible, insect-pollinated allogamous plant. This study examined growth and yield of the common buckwheat self-compatible and hybrid lines pollinated with and without flies. Self-compatible ‘IH3’, hybrid ‘IP2/IH3’, and standard self-incompatible ‘Kitawasesoba’ were used in field and pot experiments. Self-compatibility of ‘IH3’ was shown to be of high purity. Approximately 10% segregation of pin plants from ‘IP2/IH3’ was observed. The harvest index of ‘Kitawasesoba’ pollinated without flies was considerably lower than that pollinated with flies in both field and pot experiments. The harvest index values of ‘IH3’ and ‘IP2/IH3’ were hardly affected by the presence or absence of flies. The morphological traits of ‘IH3’ were significantly lower than those of the other two genotypes. Large differences in these traits between ‘IP2/IH3’ and ‘Kitawasesoba’ were not observed in either the field or pot experiments. The seed yield of ‘Kitawasesoba’ pollinated without flies tended to be lower than that pollinated with flies. The seed yield of ‘IP2/IH3’ tended to be higher than that of ‘IH3’. The hybrid line ‘IP2/IH3’ showed a high fertilization rate, which was nearly as high as that of ‘IH3’. Rate of fertilization and percentage of ripe seeds were higher in ‘IH3’ and ‘IP2/IH3’, wherein they were hardly affected by the presence or absence of flies, than in ‘Kitawasesoba’. The ‘IP2/IH3’ hybrid line will be useful for understanding the stable high-yielding ability of self-compatibility common buckwheat. 相似文献
7.
Toshihiro NADE Jun-ichi SABURI Tsuyosi ABE Tetsuo NAKAGAWA Toshiaki OKUMURA Satsuki MISUMI Kunihiko SAITO Tadashi KAWAMURA Kazuhisa FUJITA 《Animal Science Journal》2007,78(6):567-574
The carcass composition of crossbred Japanese Black × Limousin F2 cattle was examined in order to find an accurate carcass composition equation. The test animals included 17 steers and 17 heifers. The 28 image measurements from the area encircling the vertical line to the thoracic vertebra and the line from the thoracic vertebra between the sixth and seventh rib‐bones were measured by computer image analysis. The relationships between the 29 parameters that added the carcass left side weight of the animal and the carcass composition were suggested. The carcass composition included muscle weight, muscle ratio, fat weight and fat ratio. The carcass composition from steers was estimated by an equation composed of these three or four parameters (R2 = 90.80%, 79.30%, 90.75% and 73.70%, respectively). The selected parameters were measured without cutting the thoracic vertebra. The carcass composition from heifers was estimated by an equation composed of two to four parameters (R2 = 96.15%, 90.98%, 93.60% and 88.22%, respectively). The parameters for the estimation of the muscle and fat weight, and muscle and fat ratio are very similar. Furthermore, the equations using the parameters could estimate the carcass composition from the Japanese Black × Limousin cattle resource population. 相似文献
8.
Koichi Sone Keita Oishi Tatsuya Shibato Kunihiko Hata 《Journal of Forest Research》2016,21(4):185-192
We conducted field studies to evaluate the impact that curculio weevil attacks on Pasania edulis (Fagacea) acorns have on the regeneration of this tree. The germination ratio of weevil-attacked acorns was significantly lower than that of sound acorns. The number and position of the attacks on acorns affected the germination ratio. The seedlings from weevil-attacked acorns were shorter and had a smaller leaf area than those from sound acorns. The negative effects on seedling height lasted for at least three years after germination. We also studied the handling of the two types of acorns by granivorous Apodemus mice in a broad-leaved forest dominated by P. edulis. The mice picked up, transported, hoarded, and recovered sound and weevil-attacked acorns similarly. In the study site, the seedlings from weevil-attacked acorns were estimated to account for 1.5–20.4 % of the total seedlings for cohorts of mast years and 0–3.7 % for those of poor or medium acorn production. From these results, we conclude that acorns with the lower part of their cotyledons slightly damaged by weevil larvae might still be able to contribute to the regeneration of P. edulis in the field but that their contribution would be negligible or small even in mast years in this study site. 相似文献
9.
Vitamin D Status in Different Stages of Disease Severity in Dogs with Chronic Valvular Heart Disease
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T. Osuga K. Nakamura T. Morita S.Y. Lim K. Nisa N. Yokoyama N. Sasaki K. Morishita H. Ohta M. Takiguchi 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2015,29(6):1518-1523
Background
In humans with heart disease, vitamin D deficiency is associated with disease progression and a poor prognosis. A recent study showed that serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration, the hallmark of vitamin D status, was lower in dogs with heart failure than in normal dogs, and a low concentration was associated with poor outcome in dogs with heart failure.Objectives
To elucidate the vitamin D status of dogs with chronic valvular heart disease (CVHD) at different stages of disease severity.Animals
Forty‐three client‐owned dogs with CVHD.Methods
In this cross‐sectional study, dogs were divided into 3 groups (14 dogs in Stage B1, 17 dogs in Stage B2, and 12 dogs in Stage C/D) according to ACVIM guidelines. Dogs underwent clinical examination including echocardiography. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in each dog.Results
Serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in Stage B2 (median, 33.2 nmol/L; range, 4.9–171.7 nmol/L) and C/D (13.1 nmol/L; 4.9–58.1 nmol/L) than in Stage B1 (52.5 nmol/L; 33.5–178.0 nmol/L) and was not significantly different between Stage B2 and Stage C/D. Among clinical variables, there were significant negative correlations between 25(OH)D concentration and both left atrial‐to‐aortic root ratio and left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter normalized for body weight.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
These results indicate that vitamin D status is associated with the degree of cardiac remodeling, and the serum 25(OH)D concentration begins to decrease before the onset of heart failure in dogs with CVHD. 相似文献10.
K. Nakamura T. Osuga K. Morishita S. Suzuki T. Morita N. Yokoyama H. Ohta M. Yamasaki M. Takiguchi 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(6):1746-1752