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Highest inorganic bromine residues (30 ppm) were found when soil was fumigated with liquid methyl bromide (MB) introduced
by conventional means into evaporating dishes. With preheated (vaporized) MB or injection of MB/chloropicrin (CP) mixtures,
bromide concentrations were reduced by 50%. They were uniform throughout the soil (0 to 60 cm) except after MB/CP injection,
when larger residues were found in the 30-60 cm layer. Leaching with 2000 mp3/ha (20 cm) of water always reduced bromide content to 7.5 and 10 ppm at the 0-30 and 30-60 cm depth, respectively. Organic
amendments to soils substantially increased bromide levels up to 118 ppm, most of which was found in the upper soil layers;
two teachings with 2000 mp3 /ha water were required to return the soils to their normal state.Sclerotium rolfsii andFusarium oxysporum f. sp.dianthi cultures buried in soil were eliminated from the upper 30 cm with MB applied either conventionally or preheated. At 50 cm,
500 kg/ha of the preheated gas was superior to 1000 kg/ha of the cold gas. All MB fumigations suppressed carnation flower
yields compared with CP alone but were superior to no treatment. After leaching, MB-fumigated soils yielded the highest number
of flowers. 相似文献
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Hillela Vigodsky Haas 《Phytoparasitica》1976,4(3):201-205
Methyl bromide (MB) at rates of 500, 1000 and 1500 kg/ha, Terraclor 75 WP (PCNB) at 150 and 300 kg/ha, and combinations of the two, were studied for control ofSclerotium rolfsii prior to iris cultivation. Sclerotia buried 10 cm deep in soil were all killed by MB at 500 kg/ha; at greater depths higher doses were required. Bulbs harvested from PCNB- and PCNB + MB-treated plots were healthy; 75% of the bulbs in control plots were infected at harvest. When MB was used alone, the soil became re-infested (2–6% diseased plants). Bromide toxicity, correlated with the MB dose applied, appeared 41/2 months after planting; leaves yellowed and senesced prematurely. MB treatments also reduced bulb size, and residual phytotoxicity was found when the bulbs from treated plots were planted in the following year. 相似文献
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Rivka Barkai-Golan B. Sneh D. Netzer J. Krikun A. Akerman D. Zutra Zafrira Volcani Y. Henis Aliza Halfon-Meiri Zafrira Volcani Y. Henis Y. Zilberstein E. Shlevin Y. Machat E. Sitty S. Cohen S. Marco E. Shabi Y. Pinkas Z. Solel J. Krikun M. Susnoschi Hillela Vigodsky R. Ausher J. Krikun H. Frankel J. Katan D. Rubin E. Cohn M. Mordechai 《Phytoparasitica》1973,1(2):127-132
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