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排序方式: 共有44条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Y. Chen Y. Inbar S. Zilkah A. Koren M. Dinar M. Gokkes M. Raviv R. Reuveni Shlomot Medina Y. Shamir Orna Etzion Orna Duvdevani Y. Shor R. Schayer Ester Hadar Ruhama Berliner A. Gamliel J. Katan G. Kritzman Leah Tsror A. Nachmias V. Weitsman D. Mor Y. Inbar M. J. Boehm H. A. J. Hoitink Y. Hadar Y. Elad H. Yunis H. Volpin E. Pressman A. Gamliel J. Katan M. Sachs 《Phytoparasitica》1991,19(2):161-170
3.
G. Kritzman A. Shani-Cahani B. Kirshner Yehudit Riven Z. Bar J. Katan A. Grinstein 《Phytoparasitica》1996,24(4):293-304
Peanut pod wart, a relatively new disease to peanut culture, was first reported in Israel in 1988 attacking peanut plants and causing dark warts on the pod. The causal agents are variousStreptomyces spp. Scanning electron microscopy showed a significant difference between healthy and diseased tissues of the exocarp and mesocarp layers of the pod; there were no effects on the endocarp layer. The mesocarp cells of infected tissue were smaller and more compressed than those of healthy tissue. In most cases two cells under the peak of the wart were extremely large and the cells growing from them toward the surface were uneven, forming the shape of a fan. The pathogen could be isolated from the soil and rhizosphere, but in the pod it was found only in the waited tissue. The microorganisms isolated from the warts belong to different groups ofStreptomyces spp.; subsequent pathogenicity tests proved their virulence to a limited host range. In potato, these isolates ofStreptomyces spp. caused deep pitted scab; in peanuts they caused warts. Peanut seeds which developed in infected pods were free of the pathogen if the shell was undamaged. However, the pathogen is surface seedborne, and contaminated seeds during the mechanical cracking process. 相似文献
4.
Früh-Green GL Kelley DS Bernasconi SM Karson JA Ludwig KA Butterfield DA Boschi C Proskurowski G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5632):495-498
Strontium, carbon, and oxygen isotope data and radiocarbon ages document at least 30,000 years of hydrothermal activity driven by serpentinization reactions at Lost City. Serpentinization beneath this off-axis field is estimated to occur at a minimum rate of 1.2 x 10(-4) cubic kilometers per year. The access of seawater to relatively cool, fresh peridotite, coupled with faulting, volumetric expansion, and mass wasting processes, are crucial to sustain such systems. The amount of heat produced by serpentinization of peridotite massifs, typical of slow and ultraslow spreading environments, has the potential to drive Lost City-type systems for hundreds of thousands, possibly millions, of years. 相似文献
5.
D. Shtienberg Miriam Zilberstaine D. Oppenheim Z. Herzog Shulamit Manulis H. Shwartz G. Kritzman 《Phytoparasitica》2001,29(2):143-154
The efficacy of oxolinic acid (at 200 and 300 μg a.i./l) and of several antibiotic compounds (streptomycin sulfate at 100 μg a.i./l, glycocide B at 700 μg a.i./l, kasugamycin at 80 μg a.i./l and gentamicin sulfate at 30 and 60 μg a.i./l) againstErwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight in pears, was evaluated in 43 orchard experiments in 1997–2000 in Israel. In addition to
the above orchard experiments, the efficacy of the bactericides was tested in live experiments with artificial inoculation.
Natural fire blight symptoms were observed in 16 of the 43 experiments; in 13 of them, disease intensity and its distribution
among the experimental plots provided a basis for data analysis, leading to reliable conclusions concerning the efficacy of
the tested bactericides. Oxolinic acid at 300 μg a.i./l was highly effective againstE. amylovora and reduced disease severity significantly in all experiments, as compared with the untreated plots; however, a concentration
of 200 μg a.i./l was not effective in some cases. Among the tested antibiotics, only gentamicin sulfate was as effective as oxolinic acid.
Results of the artificial inoculation experiments corroborated those obtained in the naturally infected orchards. The pre-infection
activity of oxolinic acid was determined on blossom clusters that were sprayed with the bactericide before inoculation. Control
efficacy on blossom clusters sprayed 1–4 days before inoculation ranged from 68% to 80%, a level which did not differ significantly
from that observed on blossom clusters sprayed on the day of inoculation (80% control). The postinfection activity of oxolinic
acid was determined on blossom clusters that were sprayed with the compound after inoculation. Oxolinic acid was as effective
when applied 1 or 2 days after inoculation as when it was applied on the day of inoculation; however, application of the bactericide
3 days after inoculation no longer resulted in significant disease suppression. Oxolinic acid has been used commercially in
Israel since 1998 with appreciable success.
Contribution No. 533-00 from the Agricultural Research Organization 相似文献
6.
Spore germination ofBotrytis allii was influenced by the spore concentration and the viscosity of the germination medium. A method was developed for spore germination ofB. allii in a medium without nutrients. Evidence was obtained of the existence of a germination-inhibiting factor which is produced by the germinating cultures. This inhibitor is thermostable and has a low molecular weight. 相似文献
7.
Iris Biton Sofia Shevtsov Oren Ostersetzer Yair Mani Shimon Lavee Benjamin Avidan Giora Ben‐Ari 《Plant Breeding》2012,131(6):767-774
The olive (Olea europaea) is one of the most important oleaginous crops of the Mediterranean basin. Increased demand for olive oil creates a need for new olive varieties to help meet the requirements of the global market. However, olive breeding has been handicapped by such varied challenges as a prolonged juvenile period, agrotechnical problems and insufficient genetic knowledge. The use of DNA markers has the potential to overcome these problems and increase the effectiveness of classical breeding programmes. In this study, co‐dominant polymorphic simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were used as markers to analyse the genetic relationships between several local and other ‘non‐native’ olive cultivars. Cluster analysis revealed four major groups among the 15 cultivars examined in this study. Table and oil cultivars were clustered in different groups. However, the clusters did not differentiate between cultivars of different geographical origins. In addition, we used the data gathered to analyse genetic relationships to evaluate the effects of heterosis in agricultural traits. Genetic distances between cultivars were determined based on the SSR genotype data and were used for evaluating the possible effects of heterosis in various F1 populations. Interestingly, phenotypic data of F1 progenies from crosses between different cultivars indicated the potential effects of heterosis as expressed in several traits. Genetic distance between parents was significantly correlated to F1 performance for three traits: percentage of dry fruit weight, oil content and commercial oil production. Thus, crosses between olive cultivars exhibiting relatively extensive genetic distances one from the other are expected to result in better progeny performance in future Olea breeding programmes. Our study linked assessment of biodiversity of commercial olive cultivars with the application of this information in olive breeding programmes for selection of specific parents to generate superior new cultivars. 相似文献
8.
9.
Tospoviruses infecting vegetable crops in Israel 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Symptoms of vein clearing, stem necrosis, curling, necrotic spots and rings on the leaves associated with infection by tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) were documented among vegetable crops growing in commercial glasshouses and open fields in Israel. Plants exhibiting symptoms were collected, from 1994-01 to 1998-12. Among cultivated vegetable crops analysed for TSWV by ELISA, the following plants were found to be infected: tomato, capsicum, aubergine, lettuce, cabbage and cucumber. These incidences of the virus were all correlated with the occurrence in high population of Frankliniella occidentalis. Transmission of the virus from infected Datura stramonium to Petunia leaf discs, by F. occidentalis , was up to 26%. TSWV antigens were readily detected by ELISA in seeds harvested from naturally infected vegetable crops. However, we failed to show virus transmission to the progeny plants. Iris yellow spot tospovirus (IYSV) was detected in onion. High incidence of the disease was associated with large populations of Thrips tabaci. 相似文献
10.