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排序方式: 共有915条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
G W De Lisle D M Collins H F Huchzermeyer 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1992,59(2):163-165
Restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA hybridization revealed five ovine strains of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis from South Africa had identical DNA patterns to an ovine strain from Canada. Genetically this strain type has features in common with the two major groups of M. paratuberculosis. 相似文献
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Sheila M McGuirk Michael Collins 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2004,20(3):593-603
Provision of an adequate immunoglobulin mass to dairy calves is an essential component for survival, health, and future productivity. To prevent FPT of immunity due to suckling of the dam, newborn dairy calves should be removed from the calving area within 30 minutes of birth. First and later lactation cows are suitable colostrum donors, provided they are healthy, well-vaccinated, have had optimal transition management, and an appropriate dry-period length. Early colostrum collection yields an adequate immunoglobulin mass provided that 3 to 4 L of colostrum is fed to the newborn calf. Regular testing for the adequacy of the dairy's colostrum feeding program is an excellent way to prevent calf health problems and identify potential need for CSs or replacement products. 相似文献
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Young NJ Thomas CJ Thompson I Collins ME Brownlie J 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2005,72(1-2):115-20; discussion 215-9
Immune responses to non-structural protein 3 (NS3) of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) were investigated. cDNA encoding NS3 from type 1a BVDV was used to vaccinate five calves, another five calves remained unvaccinated. Three weeks after final vaccination animals were challenged intranasally with heterologous type 1a BVDV. Anti-NS3 antibodies were detected in only one animal post-vaccination. Partial protection from virus challenge was observed in the vaccinates. Virus was not isolated from nasal mucosa of two vaccinates, and virus clearance from nasal mucosa was faster in the vaccinates compared to the controls. While elevated rectal temperatures were evident in both groups 7 days post-challenge, the mean increase in the controls was twice that observed in the vaccinates. In conclusion, NS3 DNA vaccination induced humoral immunity in one calf, and prevented fever and virus establishment in the nasal mucosa in 2/5 calves, demonstrating the efficacy of NS3 vaccination, which may benefit future development of pestivirus and flavivirus vaccines. 相似文献
8.
Sreedhar Alwala Collins A. Kimbeng John C. Veremis Kenneth A. Gravois 《Euphytica》2009,167(1):127-142
The cultivated sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids, 2n = 100–130) is one crop for which interspecific hybridization involving wild germplasm has provided a major breakthrough in
its improvement. Few clones were used in the initial hybridization event leading to a narrow genetic base for continued cultivar
development. Molecular breeding would facilitate the identification and introgression of novel alleles/genes from the wild
germplasm into cultivated sugarcane. We report the identification of molecular markers associated with sugar-related traits
using an F1 population derived from a cross between S. officinarum ‘Louisiana Striped’ × S. spontaneum ‘SES 147B’, the two major progenitor species of cultivated sugarcane. Genetic linkage maps of the S. officinarum and S. spontaneum parents were produced using the AFLP, SRAP and TRAP molecular marker techniques. The mapping population was evaluated for
sugar-related traits namely, Brix (B) and pol (P) at the early (E) and late (L) plant growing season in the plant cane (04)
and first ratoon (05) crops (04EB, 04LB, 04LP, 05EB and 05EP). For S. officinarum, combined across all the traits, a total of 30 putative QTLs was observed with LOD scores ranging from 2.51 to 7.48. The
phenotypic variation (adj. R2) explained by all QTLs per trait ranged from 22.1% (04LP) to 48.4% (04EB). For S. spontaneum, a total of 11 putative QTLs was observed with LOD scores ranging from 2.62 to 4.70 and adj. R2 ranging from 9.3% (04LP) to 43.0% (04LB). Nine digenic interactions (iQTL) were observed in S. officinarum whereas only three were observed in S. spontaneum. About half of the QTLs contributed by both progenitor species were associated with effects on the trait that was contrary
to expectations based on the phenotype of the parent contributing the allele. Quantitative trait loci and their associated
effects were consistent across crop-years and growing seasons with very few QTLs being unique to the early season. When the
data were reanalyzed using the non-parametric discriminant analysis (DA) approach, significant marker-trait associations were
detected for markers that were either identical to or in the vicinity of markers previously identified using the traditional
QTL approach. Discriminant analysis also pointed to previously unidentified markers some of which remained unlinked on the
map. These preliminary results suggest that DA could be used as a complementary approach to traditional QTL analysis in a
crop like sugarcane for which saturated linkage maps are unavailable or difficult to obtain. 相似文献
9.
Ranson H Claudianos C Ortelli F Abgrall C Hemingway J Sharakhova MV Unger MF Collins FH Feyereisen R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,298(5591):179-181
The emergence of insecticide resistance in the mosquito poses a serious threat to the efficacy of many malaria control programs. We have searched the Anopheles gambiae genome for members of the three major enzyme families- the carboxylesterases, glutathione transferases, and cytochrome P450s-that are primarily responsible for metabolic resistance to insecticides. A comparative genomic analysis with Drosophila melanogaster reveals that a considerable expansion of these supergene families has occurred in the mosquito. Low gene orthology and little chromosomal synteny paradoxically contrast the easily identified orthologous groups of genes presumably seeded by common ancestors. In A. gambiae, the independent expansion of paralogous genes is mainly a consequence of the formation of clusters among locally duplicated genes. These expansions may reflect the functional diversification of supergene families consistent with major differences in the life history and ecology of these organisms. These data provide a basis for identifying the resistance-associated enzymes within these families. This will enable the resistance status of mosquitoes, flies, and possibly other holometabolous insects to be monitored. The analyses also provide the means for identifying previously unknown molecules involved in fundamental biological processes such as development. 相似文献
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Watermelon contains lycopene, a red carotenoid pigment that has strong antioxidant properties. The lycopene content of watermelon is substantial, contributing 8-20 mg per 180 g serving. There are no reports on carotenoid changes in whole watermelon during storage. Three types of watermelon, open-pollinated seeded, hybrid seeded, and seedless types, were stored at 5, 13, and 21 degrees C for 14 days and flesh color, composition, and carotenoid content were compared to those of fruit not stored. Watermelons stored at 21 degrees C had increased pH, chroma, and carotenoid content compared to fresh fruit. Compared to fresh fruit, watermelons stored at 21 degrees C gained 11-40% in lycopene and 50-139% in beta-carotene, whereas fruit held at 13 degrees C changed little in carotenoid content. These results indicate that carotenoid biosynthesis in watermelons can be affected by temperature and storage. 相似文献