12-(取代苯氧异丁酰氧亚氨基)-1,15-十五内酯的合成及除草活性

通过取代苯氧异丁酸与12-(羟基亚氨基)十五内酯的反应,合成了取代苯氧异丁酰氧亚氨基十五内酯,并测定了其对苋菜的除草活性。所有化合物均经过1H NMR、13C NMR和元素分析确证。初步的生物活性测定结果表明,目标化合物 Ⅲa~Ⅲd 的EC50值分别为34.570、46.492、55.385、50.114 mg/L,其活性比对照药剂2,4-D(117.325 mg/L)高,而比苯磺隆(22.381 mg/L)低。     

沿渡河流域分布式水文模型的构建

按照综合分布式概念性水文模型和分布式水文物理模型长处的建模思路，应用改进的格林-安普特下渗理论和地貌水文学的水滴运动理论，建立了一个具有物理基础的松散结构分布式流域水文模型。模型的产流方法融合了邓恩产流理论和霍顿超渗产流理论，考虑土壤水分剖面、土壤各向异性和地形坡度等对流域产流的影响；模型的汇流方法利用地貌水文学理论，寻求水文过程与流域地形地貌的相互作用及定量关系，以确定模型参数，其优势在于可以考虑净雨空间分布不均和流速空间分不均对流域汇流的影响问题。以湿润地区典型流域沿渡河为对象进行水文模拟应用研究，结果良好,说明模型较为可靠。     

草地贪夜蛾对小麦的为害风险:取食为害性及解毒酶活性变化初探

为了探究草地贪夜蛾对小麦的为害风险,我们以取食玉米作为对照,开展研究取食小麦对草地贪夜蛾的存活率、取食选择性、生长量和3种解毒酶及乙酰胆碱酯酶的影响。结果表明:草地贪夜蛾初孵幼虫在小麦上的存活率与玉米并无显著差异,高达90%以上。用小麦连续饲喂3龄幼虫7 d,日均体重增加迅速,与取食玉米无显著差异(P0.05)。2龄幼虫取食选择率为小麦玉米,3龄和4龄幼虫的取食选择率为玉米小麦,但均无显著差异。值得注意的是,小麦饲喂48 h后草地贪夜蛾谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性和多功能氧化酶含量表现为显著诱导上升,而羧酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性无显著变化。本试验结果初步表明草地贪夜蛾存在为害小麦的风险,应加强草地贪夜蛾在麦田发生情况的监测,同时应重视草地贪夜蛾取食不同寄主对药剂敏感性机制的研究。     

我国草地贪夜蛾应急化学防控风险评估及对策

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith)是世界性重大农业迁飞害虫, 在我国已呈严重暴发态势, 对我国玉米等农作物生产安全构成严重威胁?农药防治是草地贪夜蛾应急防控中最有效的手段之一, 但是不合理的使用农药会对环境安全和施药人员带来潜在的风险?本文结合我国田间化学农药防治草地贪夜蛾的实践和效果, 评估了8种田间常用防治药剂的环境风险及其对施药人员的健康风险?推荐甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐?乙基多杀菌素?氯虫苯甲酰胺?虱螨脲作为草地贪夜蛾应急防控的首推农药, 甘蓝夜蛾核型多角体病毒作为首推生物药剂, 高效氯氟氰菊酯和乙酰甲胺磷须谨慎使用?本研究从农药应用风险角度提出了具体的草地贪夜蛾合理用药建议, 以期为草地贪夜蛾的有效安全防控提供科学依据?     

5种杀虫剂超低容量液剂对玉米田草地贪夜蛾的防治效果

草地贪夜蛾是新入侵我国的迁飞性重大害虫,为害玉米的心叶、生长点及雄穗等,能引起严重的损伤、烂心、授粉不良等,导致玉米减产甚至绝产。本文评价了5种杀虫剂超低容量液剂通过低容量喷雾对玉米田草地贪夜蛾的防治效果。结果表明,在相同的原药成本下,6%甲维·茚虫威超低容量液剂和1%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐超低容量液剂具有优异的保叶效果和杀虫效果,5%氯虫苯甲酰胺超低容量液剂在较低的用量下(有效用量1 g/667m~2)具有良好的保叶和杀虫效果,3%呋虫胺超低容量液剂对草地贪夜蛾幼虫基本无效,但有一定的保叶效果。     

Dynamics of Bt cotton Cry1Ac protein content under an alternating high temperature regime and effects on nitrogen metabolism

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of alternating high temperature on Cry1Ac protein content on Bt cotton cultivars Sikang 1(SK-1,a conventional cultivar)and Sikang 3(SK-3,a hybrid cultivar).In 2011 and 2012,cotton plants were subjected to high temperature treatments ranging from 32 to 40℃ in climate chambers to investigate the effects of high temperature on boll shell insecticidal protein expression.The experiments showed that significant decline of the boll shell insecticidal protein was detected at temperatures higher than 38℃ after 24 h.Based on the results,the cotton plants were treated with the threshold temperature of 38℃ from 6:00 a.m.to 6:00 p.m.followed by a normal temperature of 27℃ during the remaining night hours(DH/NN)in 2012 and 2013.These treatments were conducted at peak boll growth stage for both cultivars in study periods of 0,4,7,and 10 d.Temperature treatment of 32℃ from 6:00 a.m.to 6:00 p.m.and 27℃ in the remaining hours was set as control.The results showed that,compared with the control,after the DH/NN stress treatment applied for 7 d,the boll shell Cry1Ac protein content level was significantly decreased by 19.1 and 17.5% for SK-1 and by 15.3 and 13.7% for SK-3 in 2012 and 2013,respectively.Further analysis of nitrogen metabolic physiology under DH/NN showed that the soluble protein content and the glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT)activities decreased slightly after 4 d,and then decreased sharply after 7 d.The free amino acid content and the protease content increased sharply after 7 d.The changes in SK-1 were greater than those in SK-3.These results suggest that under DH/NN stress,boll shell Cry1Ac protein content decline was delayed.Reduced protein synthesis and increased protein degradation in the boll shell decreased protein content,including Bt protein,which may reduce resistance to the cotton bollworm.     

转基因抗虫作物中豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂（CpTI）酶联免疫检测方法的建立

 从10个不同豇豆品种中筛选出抑制剂活性最高的901青皮豇豆，提取豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂。通过G-75凝胶过滤、亲和层析纯化了豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂（CpTI）并制备了其兔多克隆抗体。用所制备的抗体建立了酶联免疫检测方法并检测了转CpTI编码基因棉花、水稻中的CpTI含量，发现棉花不同器官CpTI的表达量不尽相同。     

用凝胶电泳法研究小麦叶片衰老期间的内肽酶同工酶

采用SDS－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS－PAGE）和梯度凝胶电泳方法，研究了小麦旗叶暗诱导衰老过程中内肽酶同工酶的变化。发现用SDS－PAGE法几科检测不到新的内肽酶同工酶；用梯度凝胶电泳法则能检测到6种新的同工酶，而且在第一叶自然衰老过程中也能检测到。表明在这两种衰老过程中内肽酶酶谱变化基本相似。     

水分对大豆蛋白质物料微波膨化的影响

就水分含量对大豆蛋白质物料微波膨化效果的影响进行了研究 ,认为含水量为 30 %时 ,较适宜利用微波进行膨化 ;水分影响膨化的机理在于决定膨化动力和微波能量提供的大小 ,同时也会影响蛋白质物料的凝胶结构及变性性质 ,从而最终影响微波膨化     

miR-204 inhibits proliferation of Hodgkin lymphoma cells by targeting Sirt1/p53 signaling pathway

AIM: To investigate the effect of microRNA-204 (miR-204) on the proliferation of Hodgkin lymphoma cells and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: The expression of miR-204 and Sirt1 mRNA in Hodgkin lymphoma tissues was detected by RT-qPCR. After transfection with miR-204 mimic, Sirt1 siRNA and miR-204 mimic+pcDNA3.1-Sirt1 into the L428 cells, the cell viability and BrdU incorporation were measured by CCK-8 assay and BrdU assay, respectively. The protein levels of Sirt1 and acetylated p53 (ac-p53) were determined by Western blot.The targeting relationship between miR-204 and Sirt1 was verified by double luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: The low expression of miR-204 and the high mRNA expression of Sirt1 were found in the Hodgkin lymphoma tissues. Compared with control group, the cell viability, BrdU incorporation and the protein levels of Sirt1 and ac-p53 were significantly decreased after L428 cells were transfected with miR-204 mimic or Sirt1 siRNA (P<0.05). Compared with miR-204 mimic alone group, the cell viability, BrdU incorporation and the protein levels of Sirt1 and ac-p53 were increased after L428 cells were co-transfected with miR-204 mimic and pcDNA3.1-Sirt1 (P<0.05). The results of double luciferase reporter assay confiermed that Sirt1 was the target gene of miR-204. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect of miR-204 on the proliferation of L428 cells may be achieved by inhibiting the expression of Sirt1 and promoting the up-regulation of ac-p53.