CO39近等基因系抗稻瘟病性分析

利用14个稻瘟病菌菌株在温室分别接种和在自然病圃两个年度对CO39近等基因系进行鉴定.结果表明,这套近等单基因系和近等多基因系具很好的鉴别能力.抗病基因Pi-3提供抗病性的时间较长,病斑数较少,并且与其他基因组合而成的累加系也能高抗稻瘟病.     

Development Zones,Foreign Investment,and Global City Formation in Shanghai*

ABSTRACT The rapid economic ascent of China and the increasing integration of the world economy in the past two decades have made metropolises in China such as Shanghai and Beijing emerging global cities. Foreign investment is a central force underlying the emergence and transformation of the Chinese metropolises into global cities. This is especially true in Shanghai, which has experienced massive infusion of foreign investment. Varied forms of foreign investment or development zones have been created to promote foreign investment inflows, yet remain under‐studied. This paper analyzes structure, performance, and underlying factors of development zones in Shanghai, and discusses the implications for global city‐formation; it unfolds the variations among development zones, and illustrates the significant role of the state and local conditions. As the literature on global cities dwells primarily on the experiences of advanced economies, this paper further contributes to a better understanding of the dynamics of emerging global cities in the developing world.     

Clustering of Major Genes Conferring Blast Resistance in a Durable Resistance Rice Cultivar Gumei 2

By using 304 recombinant inbred lines derived from indica rice cross Zhong 156/Gumei 2, a linkage map consisting of 177 marker loci and covering 12 rice chromosomes was constructed and employed for mapping genes conferring blast resistance in rice. Genomic location of gene Pi25(t) conferring neck blast resistance to the Chinese isolate 92-183 (race ZC15) was verified to be located between markers A7 and RG456 on chromosome 6, with genetic distances of 1.7 cM and 1.5 cM to A7 and RG456,respectively. Leaf blast resistance of Gumei 2 to the Philippine isolate Ca89 (lineage 4) was found to be controlled by a single gene. The gene tentatively designated as Pi26(t) was located between makers B10 and R674 on chromosome 6, with genetic distances of 5.7 cM and 25.8 cM to B10 and R674 respectively. Resistant alleles at both gene loci were derived from Gumei 2,indicating an existence of resistance gene cluster in Gumei 2.     

稻瘟病菌体细胞色素的变异性及其突变体

 利用紫外光诱变，从来自菲律宾田间的一个具有广谱毒性的流行菌株PO6-6中获得一些浅黄色素突变株，并检测了它侵染水稻的频率；同时对利用浅黄色的表现型来研究体细胞变异的可能性进行了探讨。在所测试的13个浅黄色素突变株中，有6个能使水稻产生病斑，在品种CO39、IR50，IR36上能重新分离到浅黄色素突变株。由此表明，某些浅黄色的突变株具有侵染水稻的能力， 它们没有通常的黑色素合成。从一些浅黄色突变株引起的病斑上获得的单孢培养菌中，野生菌株(Wild type)色素的频率范围为10％～100％。由浅黄色突变株引起的病斑中也可重新获得白色的变异物。在室内培养试验中，出现色素变异的频率未超出l10^-3 ～10^-4 的范围。用一个浅黄色突变株和野生类型的分离菌株进行的相互接种中，从品种IR50的病斑上分离的单孢中，浅黄色菌株占绝对优势。在一次实验中， 由浅黄色素培养菌所引起的一个病斑中，同时获得了浅黄色和灰黑色的培养菌。这些结果表明，体细胞色素的变异也许表现在与寄主植物之间的互作。     

Source and Inheritance of the Within Cultivar Residual Variation Detected in an indica Variety IR64

The phenotypically uniform indica variety IR64 was chosen for study of the source and inheritance of within cultivar residual variation using a set of SSR markers.Residual heterogeneity in IR64 was identified on the short arm of chromosome 2 involving at least 5 SSR loci spanning nearly 30 cM.The SSR variations originated from the parental lines of IR64(IR5657-33-2/IR2061-465-1-5-5)and were segregating in the selfed bulk seed stock in a Mendelian manner for more than 20 years.This study verified that the within cultivar variations of SSR in a morphologically uniform variety IR64 of a selfing crop came from its parental lines,which has immediate and commercial applications including test of hybrid seed purity,varietal fingerprinting,and curation and propagation of germplasm collections.     

Clustering of Major Genes Conferring Blast Resistance in a Durable Resistance Rice Cultivar Gumei 2

By using 304 recombinant inbred lines derived from indica rice cross Zhong 156/Gumei 2, a linkage map consisting of 177 marker loci and covering 12 rice chromosomes was constructed and employed for mapping genes conferring blast resistance in rice. Genomic location of gene Pi25(t) conferring neck blast resistance to the Chinese isolate 92-183 (race ZC15) was verified to be located between markers A7 and RG456 on chromosome 6, with genetic distances of 1.7 cM and 1.5 cM to A7 and RG456, respectively. Leaf blast resistance of Gumei 2 to the Philippine isolate Ca89 (lineage 4) was found to be controlled by a single gene. The gene tentatively designated as Pi26(\) was located between makers B10 and R674 on chromosome 6, with genetic distances of 5.7 cM and 25.8 cM to B10 and R674 respectively. Resistant alleles at both gene loci were derived from Gumei 2, indicating an existence of resistance gene cluster in Gumei 2.     

用于水稻突变体大量筛选的DNA微量快速提取法

介绍了一种高通量水稻DNA微量快速抽提法。该方法特别适用于精细作图群体和大型突变体库的筛选鉴定,不仅通量大、速度快,而且可以确保足够的DNA浓度和纯度。DNA质量可以确保一般的PCR扩增,包括SSR检测以及应用于TILLING（targeting induced local lesion in genome）分析。     

稻瘟病菌突变菌株的分子鉴定

摘要：利用Rep-PCR的两对引物Pot2-1/Pot2-2和PMC1-2/PMC1-3、 177条RAPD引物和MGR586为探针的3种RFLP 分子技术对温室的9个和自然病圃上的5个致病性突变菌株进行分析。3种技术鉴定了温室9个菌株与其起始菌株的DNA指纹基本一致，检测到7个菌株DNA条带缺失1~3条，2个菌株没有变化；分析了病圃上的侵染携带抗病基因Pi-1和Pi-2的5个突变株的起源，依据DNA指纹和致病类型证明后者起源于具有无毒基因Avr-1的菌株，排除了外来菌株的漂移作用，证实了突变是稻瘟病菌(Magnaporthe grisea )进化的主要动力。     

应用候选基因定位水稻抗稻瘟病QTL

 应用经克隆了的已知功能或有潜在功能的DNA序列,即候选基因，作为分子标记，在中156/谷梅2号F8重组自交系群体中进行水稻抗稻瘟病QTL的分析。大部分候选基因在水稻染色体上成簇分布，并且位于已知抗病基因簇区域。应用复合区间法检测到1个调控病斑大小和1个调控病斑数量的QTL，前者位于第1染色体CG36a~RM212区间，贡献率为4.17%，抗性等位基因来自父本谷梅2号；后者定位于第2染色体CG18a~RM263区间，贡献率为6.25%，抗性等位基因来自母本中156。同时检测到2对控制病叶面积和1对控制病斑大小的基因互作。这些QTL和互作基因涉及抗性基因同源序列、离子通道调控子以及编码致病相关蛋白和几丁质酶的基因，表明候选基因的应用有助于揭示QTL的功能。玉米锈病抗性基因Rp1与稻瘟病抗性有关，提示了利用水稻这个模式作物来克隆较大基因组中有利基因的可能性。     

Genetic Analysis and Gene Mapping of Light Brown Spotted Leaf Mutant in Rice

A light brown spotted-leaf mutant of rice was isolated from an ethane methyl sulfonate (EMS)- induced IR64 mutant bank. The mutant, designated as lbsl1 (light brown spotted-leaf 1), displayed light brown spot in the whole growth period from the first leaf to the flag leaf under natural summer field conditions. Agronomic traits including plant height, growth duration, number of filled grains per panicle, seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight of the mutant were significantly affected. Genetic analysis showed that the mutation was controlled by a single recessive gene, tentatively named lbsl1(t), which was mapped to the short arm of chromosome 6. By developing simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, the gene was finally delimited to an interval of 130 kb between markers RM586 and RM588. The lbsl1(t) gene is likely a novel rice spotted-leaf gene since no other similar genes have been identified near the chromosomal region. The genetic data and recombination populations provided will facilitate further fine-mapping and cloning of the gene.