排序方式: 共有18条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Spyra Marcin Kleemann Janina Cetin Nuket Ipek Vázquez Navarrete Cesar Jesús Albert Christian Palacios-Agundez Igone Ametzaga-Arregi Ibone La Rosa Daniele Rozas-Vásquez Daniel Adem Esmail Blal Picchi Paolo Geneletti Davide König Hannes J. Koo HongMi Kopperoinen Leena Fürst Christine 《Landscape Ecology》2019,34(7):1715-1735
Landscape Ecology - Several case studies investigated the role of ecosystem services in participatory planning processes. However, no systematic study exists that cuts across a large number of... 相似文献
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Hirsch AC Philipp H Kleemann R 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2003,26(5):355-360
The efficacy of meloxicam in the treatment of sows with mastitis-metritis-agalactia syndrome was investigated in comparison with flunixin. Basic therapy comprised administration of an antibiotic and oxytocin. A total of 200 sows and litters were examined in a double-blind clinical study with observations up to 8 days after the first treatment. The primary parameter, the clinical index score on day 2, consisting of rectal temperature, feed intake, general demeanour, respiratory rate, vaginal discharge, degree of inflammation of mammary glands, milk flow and nursing behaviour, revealed a significant (P < or = 0.05) non-inferiority of meloxicam in comparison with flunixin implying equal efficacy of both drugs. No significant differences were noted in the distribution of clinical efficacy scores within both groups at each day of examination. The differences in litter weight and daily weight gain per piglet were not significant between the two test groups. The mortality rates until day 8 of the study were without significant difference between groups. In piglets of diseased litters, however, the mortality rate was 50% lower in the meloxicam group in comparison with the reference group, this difference reaching statistical significance (P < or = 0.05). 相似文献
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Frauke Kleemann Maximilian von Fragstein Barbara Vornam Annika Müller Christoph Leuschner Andrea Holzschuh Teja Tscharntke Reiner Finkeldey Andrea Polle 《European Journal of Forest Research》2011,130(5):707-716
Knowledge on phenological, morphometric, and phytochemical variation of local progenies of European aspen (Populus tremula, L.) is limited. The goal of this study was to characterize variation in growth and ecologically important leaf properties
in aspen full-sib families in relation to interacting organisms (mycorrhiza, endophytes, and insects) and to determine whether
these interactions were affected by soil application of a systemic fungicide. In local progenies, within-family variation
of neutral molecular genetic markers (nuclear microsatellites) was higher than between families. Significant variation in
growth, production of phenolic defensive compounds and other phytochemical leaf traits was found between families. Phenolic
compounds showed clear negative correlation with generalist herbivores, but did not result in negative trade-off with biomass
production. Differences in mycorrhizal colonization were not found among full-sib families and application of a systemic fungicide
suppressed neither mycorrhizal colonization nor infestation with insects. However, a strong suppression of endophytes occurred,
whose long-term consequences may require attention when fungicides are used in agroforestry plantations. 相似文献
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Friton GM Cajal C Ramirez Romero R Kleemann R 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2004,117(7-8):304-309
The clinical efficacy of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), meloxicam (Metacam 20 mg/ml) and flunixin meglumine (Finadyne), as adjuncts to antibacterial therapy in the treatment of acute febrile respiratory disease in cattle was compared. The randomised blind, positive controlled study was conducted under feedlot conditions in Mexico. Overall, 201 female cattle (weighing 220-250 kg) diagnosed with bronchopneumonia at the feedlot were recruited into the study. On Day 0 all animals were treated with 20 mg oxytetracycline/kg body-weight (Bivatop 200) by subcutaneous injection, in conjunction with either meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg subcutaneously, Metacam 20 mg/ml, n = 100), or flunixin meglumine (2.2 mg/kg intravenously, Finadyne, n = 101). According to label instructions, meloxicam was administered as a single dose, whereas flunixin meglumine could be administered daily for up to 3 consecutive days depending on the rectal temperature (with re-administration, if rectal temperature > or = 40.0 degrees C). Rectal temperature, respiratory rate, appetite, dyspnoea, coughing, nasal discharge and general condition were recorded on Days 0 (prior to treatment), 1, 2, 3 and 7 using a weighted numerical score. Scores were summed to generate a 'Clinical Sum Score' (CSS, range 7 to 24 points). Individual animal body weights were measured on Days 0 and 7. Nasal swabs were collected from 10 animals per treatment group on Day 0 for microbiological culture. Clinical parameters and the mean CSS showed no significant differences between treatment groups with mean CSS on Days 0 and 7 of 16.18 and 10.55 in the meloxicam group and 16.41 and 10.88 in the flunixin meglumine group. However, a significantly lower mean rectal temperature was measured in the meloxicam group on Day 2 (p < or = 0.01). No significant differences in mean body weights were found between groups. Repeated administration of flunixin meglumine was performed in 45% of the animals. No suspected adverse drug events related to treatments were reported. It is concluded that a single subcutaneous dose of meloxicam was as clinically effective as up to 3 consecutive daily intravenous doses of flunixin meglumine when used as an adjunctive therapy to antibacterial therapy in the treatment of acute febrile respiratory disease in feedlot cattle. 相似文献
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Tom Flinn David O.Kleemann Alyce M.Swinbourne Jennifer M.Kelly Alice C.Weaver Simon K.Walker Kathryn L.Gatford Karen L.Kind William H.E.J.van Wettere 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2021,(2):451-461
High incidences of pre-weaning mortality continue to limit global sheep production, constituting a major economic and welfare concern. Despite significant advances in genetics, nutrition, and management, the proportion of lamb deaths has remained stable at 15–20% over the past four decades. There is mounting evidence that melatonin can improve outcomes in compromised ovine pregnancies via enhanced uterine bloodflow and neonatal neuroprotection. This review provides an overview of the major risk factors and underlying mechanisms involved in perinatal lamb mortality and discusses the potential of melatonin treatment as a remedial strategy. Supplementing pregnant ewes with melatonin enhances uterine bloodflow and fetal oxygenation, and potentially birthweight and neonatal thermogenic capacity. Melatonin freely crosses the ovine placenta and blood-brain barrier and provides neuroprotection to the fetal lamb during periods of chronic and acute hypoxia throughout gestation, with improved behavioural outcomes in hypoxic neonates. The current literature provides strong evidence that maternal melatonin treatment improves outcomes for lambs which experience compromised in utero development or prolonged parturition, though to date this has not been investigated in livestock production systems. As such there is a clear basis for continued research into the effects of maternal melatonin supplementation during gestation on pre-weaning survival under extensive production conditions. 相似文献
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Friton GM Philipp H Schneider T Kleemann R 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2003,116(9-10):421-426
The clinical efficacy and safety of meloxicam (Metacam 20 mg/ml) in the treatment of non-infectious locomotor disorders in pigs was investigated in a randomised double-blind, placebo controlled, multi-centre field study. A total of 220 pigs were examined, 211 pigs were suitable for evaluation. Treatment was performed on Day 1 with meloxicam (0.4 mg meloxicam/kg) or placebo by intramuscular injection. If necessary, treatment was optionally repeated on Day 2. Clinical examinations were conducted daily from Day 1 (immediately prior to initiation of therapy) to Day 4. The primary parameter, mean "Clinical Lameness Score" (CLS, a sum of the scores of "Lameness at Rest" and "Lameness at Walk"; range 2 to 11) improved from 6.8 and 6.3 on Day 1, to 3.5 and 4.7 on Day 4 in the meloxicam and placebo groups respectively (p < 0.001). At the final examination mean changes from baseline for CLS (Day 1) were 3.25 for meloxicam treated animals and 1.7 for placebo treated animals (p < 0.001). Behaviour score and feed intake improved during the study period with statistically significant differences in favour of meloxicam at all time points after initiation of therapy. Significantly fewer pigs received a second treatment in the meloxicam group than in the placebo group, 46% versus 73% (p < 0.001). A 'very good' or 'good' clinical efficacy assessment was recorded in 83% of the meloxicam cases compared to 42% of the placebo controls at the final examination (p < 0.001). No adverse events were reported due to the use of meloxicam. Furthermore safety of meloxicam in pregnant sows was demonstrated. It is concluded that intramuscular injection of meloxicam (Metacam) at a dosage of 0.4 mg/kg is efficacious and safe for the treatment of non-infectious locomotor disorders in pigs. 相似文献
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D.R. Coventry R.S. PoswalS.C. Gill R.S. ChhokarV. Kumar R.K. SharmaA. Kumar A. MehtaS.G.L. Kleemann J.A. Cummins 《Field Crops Research》2011,123(3):234-240
This article reports on field experiments with 4 different rotations that are commonly used throughout Haryana in NW India (rice-wheat, cotton-wheat, pearl millet-wheat, cluster bean-wheat), where we assess wheat yield and chapatti quality measures with different crop establishment methods and input of micronutrients. In a series of experiments conducted on farmers’ fields in 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 winter seasons, the addition of micronutrients and sulphur to wheat crops was used alongside the use of a common farmer practice, the use of farmyard manure (FM) and best practice inputs of N-fertilizer (150 kg N ha−1), P-fertilizer (26 kg P ha−1) and K-fertilizer (33 kg K ha−1). The application of FM with the recommended NPK treatment produced 9-13% more grain yield in the rice-wheat rotation when compared with the recommended NPK only treatment. Given that the farm sites used here had low levels of soil P, this may suggest that the recommended rate of 26 kg P ha−1 for the rice-wheat rotation is too low. The addition of FM did not improve any grain quality outcomes at any of the sites. There were no yield responses with S application with any of the rotations but the S input resulted in more wheat protein from all sites (average 8%). The addition of S also gave similar increases in grain hardness and the chapatti score. The inclusion of micronutrients (boron, copper, iron, zinc and manganese) with the recommended NPK treatment did not increase the grain yield at any of the sites when compared with the recommended NPK treatment, and sometimes, but not consistently, gave small responses with protein, grain hardness and chapatti score. In concurrent experiments wheat growth and chapatti quality were compared in zero till and conventionally sown systems, and with and without S fertilizer amendment. Here too there were no grain yield responses to S, and the protein, grain hardness and chapatti score were increased with S addition. Grain yields with zero till and conventional wheat were similar in the rice-wheat system and zero till sowing resulted in small increases in yield at all of the non-rice sites. The grain from the zero till treatments had higher protein (1-3%), grain hardness (3-10%) and chapatti score from all 4 rotations. Zero till has substantial adoption in the rice-wheat districts of Haryana but little farmer awareness and adoption in the areas where the other rotations are used. The data given here show that with zero tillage and an integrated practice of nutrient management farmers in Haryana can maintain grain yields of wheat whilst improving quality outcomes. 相似文献
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