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1.
Malika Virah-Sawmy Lindsey Gillson Charlie J. Gardner Atholl Anderson Geoffrey Clark Simon Haberle 《Landscape Ecology》2016,31(3):637-654
Context
Integrated conservation decision-making frameworks that help to design or adjust practices that are cognisant of environmental change and adaptation are urgently needed.Objective
We demonstrate how a landscape vulnerability framework combining sensitivity, adaptive capacity, and exposure to climate change framed along two main axes of concern can help to identify potential strategies for conservation and adaptation decision-making, using a landscape in Madagascar’s spiny forest as a case-study.Methods
To apply such a vulnerability landscape assessment, we inferred the sensitivity of habitats using temporal and spatial botanical data-sets, including the use of fossil pollen data and vegetation surveys. For understanding adaptive capacity, we analysed existing spatial maps (reflecting anthropogenic stressors) showing the degree of habitat connectivity, matrix quality and protected area coverage for the different habitats in the landscape. Lastly, for understanding exposures, we used climate change predictions in Madagascar, together with a digital elevation model.Results
The fossil pollen data showed how sensitive arid-adapted species were to past climate changes, especially the conditions between 1000 and 500 cal yr BP. The spatial analysis then helped locate habitats on the two-dimensional axes of concern integrating sensitivity, adaptive capacity and climate change exposure. By identifying resistant, resilient, susceptible, and sensitive habitats to climate change in the landscape under study, we identify very different approaches to integrate conservation and adaptation strategies in contrasting habitats.Conclusion
This framework, illustrated through a case study, provides easy guidance for identifying potential integrated conservation and adaptation strategies, taking into account aspects of climate vulnerability and conservation capacity.2.
Lindsey Gillson 《Landscape Ecology》2005,19(8):883-894
The Hierarchical Patch Dynamics Paradigm provides a conceptual framework for linking pattern, process and scale in ecosystems,
but there have been few attempts to test this theory because most ecological studies focus on only one spatial scale, or are
limited in their temporal scope. Here I use palaeoecological techniques (analysis of fossil pollen and stable carbon isotopes)
to compare vegetation heterogeneity in an east African savanna at three spatial scales, over hundreds of years. The data show
that patterns of vegetation change are different at the three spatial scales of observation, and suggest that different ecological
processes dominate tree abundance at micro, local and landscape scales. Interactions between plants, disturbance (e.g., by
fire and herbivores), climate and soil type may influence tree density at differing spatial and temporal scales. This hierarchical
explanation of savanna vegetation dynamics could inform future biodiversity conservation and management in savannas.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
4.
Holocene palaeo-invasions: the link between pattern, process and scale in invasion ecology? 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Lindsey Gillson Anneli Ekblom Katherine J. Willis Cynthia Froyd 《Landscape Ecology》2008,23(7):757-769
Invasion ecology has made rapid progress in recent years through synergies with landscape ecology, niche theory, evolutionary
ecology and the ecology of climate change. The palaeo-record of Holocene invasions provides a rich but presently underexploited
resource in exploring the pattern and process of invasions through time. In this paper, examples from the palaeo-literature
are used to illustrate the spread of species through time and space, also revealing how interactions between invader and invaded
communities change over the course of an invasion. The main issues addressed are adaptation and plant migration, ecological
and evolutionary interactions through time, disturbance history and the landscape ecology of invasive spread. We consider
invasions as a continuous variable, which may be influenced by different environmental or ecological variables at different
stages of the invasion process, and we use palaeoecological examples to describe how ecological interactions change over the
course of an invasion. Finally, the use of palaeoecological information to inform the management of invasions for biodiversity
conservation is discussed. 相似文献
5.
Gillson JL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1929,69(1781):194-195
6.
Hambler C Henderson PA Speight MR Illius AW Gillson L Lindsay K Bulte EH Damiana R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5710):674; author reply 674-4; author reply 673-4
7.
This paper compares vegetation dynamics at two sites in the savanna landscape of Limpopo National Park (PNL), Mozambique.
In order to test the relationship between vegetation cover and hydrology, nutrient availability and disturbance from grazing
and fire over the last 1,200 years at local (100 m2) scales, we use palaeoecological data (i.e. pollen assemblages, charcoal abundance, C/N ratio, stable isotopes and herbivore-associated
spore abundance). Two pans governed by similar rainfall regimes (on average 600 mm/year) but different hydrologies are compared.
Chixuludzi Pan is responsive to the Limpopo River and is more water rich than Radio Pan, which is situated in a dry landscape
with little surface water. The analysis suggests that in savannas where water is scarce, the recruitment of woody taxa is
constrained mainly by the availability of underground water. In the Radio Pan sequence, the present grassland savanna has
been stable throughout the time studied. In contrast, the Chixuludzi Pan savanna landscape where local hydrology, due to the
proximity of Limpopo River, allows for a higher water availability the relationship between grass-arboreal pollen suggests
a greater variability in vegetation cover, and other factors such as grazing, herbivory and nitrogen availability are important
as controlling mechanisms for woody cover. The historical depth of the analysis enables a sub-hierarchy of local scale process
to be identified, in this case local hydrology. Local water availability is shown to override the effect of regional rainfall
and, in turn, to control the influence of other local scale factors such as nutrients and grazing. 相似文献
8.
Lindsey Gillson 《Landscape Ecology》2009,24(2):149-155
Landscape ecology has a temporal dimension, and the role of past processes in shaping landscapes is increasingly recognised.
To date, the interface between landscape ecology and palaeoecology has proved most productive in understanding the impacts
of climate change and in discovering the extent of past human impacts on ecosystems. Further areas of synergy are emerging.
This Perspective gives selected examples of five main areas of synergy between palaeoecology and landscape ecology: dynamic
landscape mosaics; resilience and thresholds; biocomplexity; adaptive cycles; and in the landscape ecology of invasive spread. 相似文献
9.
The Hierarchical Patch Dynamics Paradigm provides a conceptual framework for linking pattern, process and scale in ecosystems,
but there have been few attempts to test this theory because most ecological studies focus on only one spatial scale, or are
limited in their temporal scope. Here I use palaeoecological techniques (analysis of fossil pollen and stable carbon isotopes)
to compare vegetation heterogeneity in an east African savanna at three spatial scales, over hundreds of years. The data show
that patterns of vegetation change are different at the three spatial scales of observation, and suggest that different ecological
processes dominate tree abundance at micro, local and landscape scales. Interactions between plants, disturbance (e.g., by
fire and herbivores), climate and soil type may influence tree density at differing spatial and temporal scales. This hierarchical
explanation of savanna vegetation dynamics could inform future biodiversity conservation and management in savannas.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.