价格竞争的深层原因及其探讨

针对目前消费市场上价格竞争相当激烈以致在某些行业已上升为价格战的现象。从生产企业方面和消费者方面分析了其深层次的原因。指出了价格战的负面影响。提出了摆脱价格战的办法 :用法律法规来规范价格竞争行为 ;政府与企业相结合 ,搞科研攻关 ,提高产品技术含量 ;以技术竞争代替单纯价格竞争 ;企业改变竞争观念 ,采取竞争与合作相结合的方式 ,并实现“双赢模式” ,最终用非价格竞争代替单纯的价格竞争 ,使我国企业再上一个台阶     

动物食品安全存在的问题及对策

食品安全倍受世人关注,动物食品质量的好坏直接关系到人民群众的身体健康和生命安全,涉及社会稳定与和谐。当前法律、法规与其配套的规章尚未健全,食品安全涉及环境、水质、加工、储存、运输、销售各个环节,涉及多部门,基础设施滞后,检测设备,手段落后,技术水平偏低的现实,食品安全任重道远。     

涂饰工艺对木质体育地板表面滑动摩擦系数的影响研究

采用正交试验法,研究涂饰工艺对木质体育地板表面滑动摩擦系数的影响,试验因素为面漆涂饰次数、涂料种类和面板砂光目数,试验测试指标为表面滑动摩擦系数。方差分析结果表明,涂料种类与测试指标呈极为显著的影响关系,水性面漆涂饰的试件表面滑动摩擦系数相对较高;其他2个因素与测试指标之间无显著影响关系。砂光目数极可能对表面滑动摩擦系数有一定影响,但这一影响关系被底漆涂饰工艺所覆盖,因此所有试件的表面滑动摩擦系数全部达到了国家标准的要求。     

拖拉机半轴的可靠性设计

重点介绍了拖拉机半轴的可靠性设计方法。在基本随机变量的概率特性已知的情况下，使用二阶矩方法对拖拉机半轴的可靠性进行设计，并且编制了实用的计算机程序，可以迅速准确地得到拖拉机半轴的可靠性设计参数。     

Improvement of Appearance Traits of elite Rice Zhenshan 97B by Molecular Introgression of Targeted about 800 kb Interval from Indica Rice Jiafuzhan Genome

Rice appearance trait is mainly mean grain length (GL), grain width (GW), ratio of length and width (L/W), chalkiness (CH) and transparence (TR). Appearance is the first impression, and rice appearance traits effect significantly the value of commodity. Hybrid rice is relatively low quality, especially on rice appearance quality,which restricts partially its extend and badly export of hybrid seed and rice in China.Shanyou 63, the most famous hybrid rice combination of China, could not be also sustainable application because of its poor qualities. In this studies, We attempt to improve appearance quality of the elite rice maintainer of Zhenshan 97B by using molecular approach of genomic interval targeted introgression. Three F2 populations were constructed to study the classical and molecular genetic of rice appearance traits, at the same time, molecular marker-asisted toimprove the main maintainer line, Zhenshan 97B were performed. There some following results:Three F2 populations were constructed based on crosses of Guangluai 4×Jiafuzhan (GJ popu.), Minghui 86×Jiafuzhan (MJ popu.) and Zhenshan 97B×Jiafuzhan (ZJ popu.). ZJ popu and GJ popu were produced to reconstruct the linkage maps related with rice appearance traits based on BSA, and detect QTL of target traits based on IM.In ZJ popu, 9 QTLs of target traits were detected. The interval, RM169～RM516 on Chromosome 5, was genetic locus of GW, L/W, CH and BW, and the explained variances were 10.9%, 14.9%, 12.0% and 14.2%, respectively.RM214 on chromosome 7, RM339 on chromosome 8 were genetic loci if CH and BW, and the explained variances were 9.4%, 10.0%, 11.0% and 12.1%. besides there is a genetic locus, RM347, of G/W on chromosome 3, and the explained varance was 10.3%. In GJ popu, 5 QTLs of rice appearance traits were detected. The interval, RM169-RM516 on Chromosome 5, were also the genetic loci of GW, CH and BW, and the explained variances were 9.0%, 12.5%, and 13.6%, respectively. RM264～RM80 on chromosome 8 was the genetic loci of GW amd L/W,and the explained variances were 14.7% and 13.4%. The genotypes of all QTLs, except RM214, from Jiafuzhan contributed to improving riee appearance traits.The research was to improve the rice appearance quality of Zhenshan 97B by introgressing QTLs of rice appearance traits from Jiafuzhan, a donor parent, by means of MAS in the process of recurrent backcrossing, 4 SSR markers were used to detect the target genotypes from donor parent, and 70 SSR primers to identify the genetic background of recurrent parent. Consequently, there were 19 target individuals in BC3, in which the mean value of GL, GW, L/W, CH and BW were 6.06±0.04mm, 2.50±0.02mm, 2.43±0.02, 29.5±2.7 and 29.4±2.7%, respectively,and the mean homologous degree (HD) to recurrent parent is up to 98.22%. Compared to Zhenshan 97B, GL, CH and BW decreased 0.17 mm, 34.9% and 34.5% respectively and however L/W increased 0.19. which accounted separately for 25.37%, 54.79%, 54.57% and 10.50% of thedifference of every trait between two parents. It is very luckly to find a individual, 13BC2-3BC3 line, whose GL, GW, G/W, CH and BW were 6.04 mm, 2.43 mm, 2.49,2.5% and 2.5% separately, There is very important signification for it to be used in hybrid rice breeding improving appearance traits. In the research, MAS efficiency of 3 loci (with 4 markers ) was 5.68% and coincident degree was 73.08%.     

不同海拔栽培附子的毒性指标和药效指标比较分析

为了解云南不同海拔栽培附子与道地产区出产附子的品质差异,以云南西北地区9个不同海拔栽培的附子为试材,以四川江油附子为对比样,参照《中华人民共和国药典》,采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）对附子样品中的3种毒性检测指标物（新乌头碱、次乌头碱、乌头碱）和3种药效检测指标物（苯甲酰新乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱和苯甲酰乌头原碱）进行含量分析。结果表明,云南9个高海拔试验田种植的附子毒性检测指标物含量明显低于四川江油对比样、药效检测指标物含量明显高于四川江油对比样;且在海拔为2169 m的云南迪庆藏族自治州维西县永春乡拖枝村等地,附子的毒性检测指标物含量较低,接近药典规定的毒性指标,药效检测指标物含量远高于药典规定的药效指标。此发现,可为利用海拔优势推广种植高效低毒附子的栽培研究提供参考,为当地布局优势产业提供理论依据。     

基于农业科研资源的特色科普体系构建——以广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所为例

“科技创新、科学普及是实现创新发展的两翼,要把科学普及放在与科技创新同等重要的位置”,科普工作或将成为科研单位的重要功能之一。为探索农业科研机构在科研工作的基础上协同开展科普工作的高效模式,提高创新力,以广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所为例,分析其如何结合情势发展需求,充分挖掘并优化现有的科技人才、科研设施、科技成果等资源应用于科普工作中,突出优势,办出特色的科普工作经验。提出了科研机构在分析、整合资源的基础上,找准定位、突出特色,构建担负提高公众科学素养的责任以外,兼具以培养科研队伍及促进科研成果的转化和开发为重要目的的科普体系,为科研单位高质量开展特色科普工作提供借鉴。     

马铃薯新品种—秦芋32号选育

秦芋32号(原代号:康0102-5)是2000年以秦芋30号作母本,89-1优系作父本,有性杂交获得实生种子,经育种圃、鉴定圃选育而成。2011年3月申报国家农作物品种审定委员会待审,2011年10月通过审定。2007～2009年参加国家级马铃薯品种中晚熟西南组繁种及区域试验;2010年国家西南组生产试验平均产量1 443 kg/667 m2,比对照米拉增产12.5%。块茎干物质含量18.5%、淀粉含量11.8%,Vc含量14.2 mg/100 g,还原糖含量0.29%,粗蛋白含量2.1%。抗病性接种鉴定:中抗PVX和PVY,抗晚疫病。