矸酆恐?,垩白率与糙米率、蛋白

Χ灾绷吹矸酆康挠跋焓钦?,直接影响比间接影响大。Study on the correlation between rice quality and agronomic traits of quality riceNIE Cheng rong, WEN Yu hui, WANG Yun bo, CHEN Ming zhong,LI Mei, LIU Dao quan(Agronomy Department, Foshan University , Nanhai 528231,China)The correlative analy     

Effect of dietary protein content on live and carcase performance of heterozygous naked neck and normally feathered broilers

1. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different dietary protein contents on the performance of naked neck (Na/na) and normally feathered (na/na) broilers.

2. Chicks from the two genotypes were reared in wire‐floored cages and divided at random into 3 groups. Birds were fed on high protein (HP, 12.99 MJ ME, 238 g crude protein/kg and 12.94 MJ ME, 216 g crude protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks, respectively), medium protein (MP, 12.99 MJ ME, 219 g crude protein/kg and 12.87 MJ ME, 201 g crude protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks), and low protein (LP, 12.94 MJ ME, 205 g crude protein/kg and 12.75 MJ ME, 184 g protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks) diets.

3. The LP diets resulted in a significantly lower daily body weight gain of males from 0 to 3 weeks. Dietary protein content had no effect on body weight gain from 3 to 7 weeks, body weight at 7 weeks, and the food intake of birds. Carcase composition of birds from both genotypes was unaffected by dietary protein.

4. Naked neck birds had significandy higher body weights at 7 weeks. Yields of carcase and breast of Na/na males were significantly higher than those of na/na males. There were no significant differences between females from the two genotypes as regards carcase yield.

5. It was concluded that the dietary protein requirements of naked neck birds were similar to those for normally feathered birds.     

Gene Flow Analysis of Phytophthora porri Reveals a New Species: Phytophthora brassicae Sp. Nov.

Isozyme analysis and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS-1 and ITS-2) and the 5.8S subunit of the ribosomal DNA gene repeat were used to examine whether isolates of Phytophthora porri from Allium and Brassica represent a single homogeneous species. Twenty-six strains of P. porri, 16 strains isolated from the genus Allium, and 10 strains isolated from the genus Brassica, were analyzed using malate dehydrogenase (MDH), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), represented altogether by four putative loci (Mdh-2, Idh-1, Idh-2, and Ldh-2). Isozyme analysis revealed that strains isolated from Allium contained five private alleles at three isozyme loci (Ldh-2 ⁸³, Ldh-2 ¹⁰⁴, Idh-1 ¹⁰⁸, Idh-1 ¹¹², and Idh-2 ⁹⁸), whereas six different alleles were observed at four isozyme loci (Ldh-2 ⁸⁵, Ldh-2 ¹⁰⁰, Ldh-2 ¹¹⁴, Idh-1 ¹⁰⁰, Idh-2 ¹⁰⁰, and Mdh-2 ¹¹¹) in strains obtained from Brassica. The heterozygosity at the Ldh-2 locus, differing in allele composition, however, between strains from Allium and Brassica, was present in all strains, indicating that it is probably fixed. Sequence analysis of the ITS regions and the 5.8S subunit showed consistent differences between isolates from Allium and isolates from Brassica. Based on isozyme data, ITS sequence analysis and formerly published differences in restriction enzyme patterns of mitochondrial DNA, morphology and pathogenicity, it was concluded that the isolates of P. porri Foister did not represent a homogeneous species. Isolates from Brassica constitute a distinct species which is described here as P. brassicae sp. nov. It was inferred from isozyme patterns, which were in no case intermediate between the two species, that P. porri and P. brassicae do not hybridize and are reproductively isolated by barriers to gene flow.     

Farm salinity appraisal with water reuse

The need for a better understanding of the interaction between irrigation practices and the elevation and quality of the water table is of paramount importance for developing irrigation management strategies to ameliorate the regional problems of elevated saline water tables in the San Joaquin Valley, California. An area of approximately 3000 ha which includes portions of the Diener Ranch and the adjacent University of California, Westside Research and Extension Center, located south of Five Points in the Westlands Water District on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley was chosen for extensive field measurements. Field work consisted of four main activities namely, field instrumentation, collection of records of field activities, periodic data collection, and analyses of field data. Field measurements of water table carried out during 1994 indicated that the water table elevation was sensitive to the irrigation practices. There was a general increase in the area with a water table close to the surface during the irrigation season, and a return to water table elevations similar to the starting conditions at the end of the season. During the study period, the surface water quality deteriorated more in areas irrigated with reuse water and persisted through the end of the season. Depth averaged electrical conductivity for the study area over 6.5 m decreased between December 1993 and December 1994. Vertical hydraulic gradients in the saturated zone, were found to be an order of magnitude larger than horizontal gradients. The direction of vertical gradients changed, with downward gradients following pre-irrigations and upward gradients later in the season, when crop water requirements increased. Based on the results of the field study, it can be concluded that the irrigation management practices have a direct effect on local water table response as well as on water quality. Therefore, irrigation practices that promote less deep percolation losses may be helpful in controlling the water table rise.     

努力探索贫困县农业综合开发新途径

平江县位于湖南省东北部,是一个典型的"老、山、边、穷、大"五位一体的农业大县,也是国家级贫困县。近几年来,平江县农业综合开发办公室不断总结经验教训,努力探索农业综合开发的新途径,逐步完善有关政策,使平江县农业综合开发迈上了一个新的台阶。     

无角道塞特羊胚胎移植技术研究

(1)超排处理无角道塞特绵羊163只,育成羊(76只)只均回收胚胎5.53枚,可用胚3.91枚,经产母羊(87只)只均回收胚胎7.55枚,可用胚6.34枚。经产羊平均回收胚胎总数高于育成羊(P<0.05)。春季和秋季之间超排效果差异不明显。重复超排羊和非重复超排羊之间平均回收胚胎总数和可用胚胎数差异均不显著(P>0.05)。(2)共处理受体876只,春季和秋季受体的同期发情率分别为56.37%和89.02%,发情受体利用率分别为84.67%和88.77%。(3)移植受体545只,妊娠318只,产羔396只,受体移植妊娠率为58.35%,移植胚胎成羔率为57.47%,在移植受体中,小尾寒羊的妊娠率最高为61.2%,同羊和内蒙细毛羊分别为54.62%和56.58%,受体品种之间移植妊娠率差异不显著(P>0.05)。受体黄体数对移植妊娠率及胚胎成羔率有一定的影响。胚胎的发育阶段对移植妊娠率也有影响,移植囊胚受体妊娠率最高为64.76%,明显高于早期桑椹胚移植妊娠率42.86%(P<0.05)。胚胎成羔率从桑椹胚到囊胚差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

St. John’s Wort Herbal Teas – Biological Potential and Chemometric Approach to Quality Control

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - St. John’s wort has been used for centuries in traditional medicine of many cultures, and nowadays it is well-known as a clinically important antidepressant...     

渗漉法制备紫杉醇浸膏工艺研究

以曼地亚红豆杉枝叶为原料,从粒度选择,乙醇浓度,浸渍时间,提取次数四个方面进行单因子试验,以紫杉醇回收率作为判断标准,研究渗漉法提取紫杉醇的最佳提取工艺．确定最佳渗漉工艺．得到的最佳渗漉方法为：原料过筛孔径为0.38～0.83mm,渗漉溶剂90%乙醇,渗漉流速2～5mL/min,渗漉前用90%乙醇浸渍2次,每次24h．