去雄对睡莲花瓣开放角度及生理生化特征的影响

为揭示睡莲(基部被子植物)的开花特性,探究雄蕊在睡莲花瓣节律性开放过程中的作用.本研究以蓝鸟睡莲(Nymphaea 'Blue Bird')为实验材料,在去雄(摘除雄蕊)后记录花瓣开放角度和萎蔫时间,并于去雄后第6、24、48及72小时测定花瓣的生理生化指标变化.结果 显示,去雄后睡莲花瓣的开放角度小于对照组,在第48小时与对照组开放角度差异最大,达到49.31°,而去雄后花瓣萎蔫的时间与对照组相同,均出现在第72小时;去雄引起了花瓣多项生理生化指标发生变化,其中,含水量在第24小时与72小时显著低于对照组,比对照组分别低0.7％与0.9％;可溶性糖含量变化显著,在第24小时和48小时比对照组分别高出0.48与0.68 mg/g;脯氨酸(Pro)含量在第72小时显著高于对照组;过氧化物酶(POD)活性从第24小时起比对照组显著升高;而丙二醛(MDA)含量则与对照组无明显差异.以上结果说明,去雄导致了睡莲花瓣开放角度及生理状态发生改变,该发现进一步地揭示了睡莲的开花特性,首次证明了雄蕊对于花瓣节律性开放具有调节作用,为花瓣开放闭合及切花保鲜等领域的研究提供了新的思路.     

食用向日葵产量性状的遗传研究

以食葵不育系17-A26为母本、恢复系17-C19为父本,构建P₁、P₂、F₁、F₂、B₁和B₂ 6个世代群体,研究了产量相关性状盘径、单株总粒数、结实率、百粒重、粒长和粒宽的后代变异及遗传率。结果表明,6个性状均为数量性状,变异幅度排序为单株总粒数>粒长>盘径>结实率>百粒重>粒宽,狭义遗传率排序为百粒重>粒长>单株总粒数>粒宽>盘径>结实率。根据遗传进度结果,百粒重、粒长、单株总粒数和粒宽宜早代根据表型选择,盘径宜晚代选择,结实率宜晚代结合多环境联合选择。     

特早熟抗病棉花品种辽棉35选育及栽培技术

本文主要介绍辽棉35的选育过程、生物学特性、产量、纤维品质、抗病性及栽培技术要点。     

白屈菜CmFAD2基因的克隆及植物转化载体构建

通过对白屈菜低温应答过程的转录组分析发现膜脂不饱和化相关基因的表达在一定过程中发生变化,脂肪酸去饱和酶基因FAD2在随温度的变化趋势为正"V"型,且表达量变化显著。利用NCBI等在线软件对序列进行相关生物学信息分析,并对白屈菜FAD家族成员FAD2基因的完整开放阅读框(ORF)进行克隆,并命名为CmFAD2。选用克隆载体pMD-19-T,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,测序验证序列正确性及完整性。将目的基因与植物表达载体pRI-201-AN连接构建重组DNA pRI-201-AN-Cm FAD2,电击法转化农杆菌LBA4404,利用菌液PCR法验证成功。该基因可作为药用植物抗寒品种创制的候选基因。     

优质、高产转基因抗虫棉杂交种苏杂668的选育与栽培技术

本文概述了苏杂668的选育过程，阐明了苏杂668的特征特性、产量水平、纤维品质和抗性表现，并提出其高产栽培技术措施。     

Leaf carbohydrates assimilation and metabolism affect seed yield of rapeseed with different waterlogging tolerance under the interactive effects of nitrogen and waterlogging

Waterlogging is a main factor causing rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) yield loss, and reasonable nitrogen (N) applications can compensate for this loss. To investigate the effects of N rates on seed yield of waterlogged rapeseed, the waterlogging-tolerant rapeseed variety ZS 9 and sensitive variety GH01 were waterlogged for 0 and 10 days with five leaves at the seedling stage under four N rates (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg/ha). Waterlogging significantly decreased seed yield, while N application can alleviate the yield loss. The yield decrease rate of waterlogged GH01 was greater than that of ZS 9 under the same N rate. During the seedling and bolting stage, the leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activity increased, while activities of adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), sucrose synthase (SuSy) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) decreased with more N under the same watering conditions. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the leaf Pn and Rubisco activity, starch and sucrose contents of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the two stages; activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the seedling while increased at the bolting stage for both the two varieties. At the flowering stage, the Pn, the activities of Rubisco, AGPase, SuSy, SPS and contents of sucrose, starch increased with more N application for both ZS 9 and GH01. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the Pn and Rubisco activity for waterlogged plants of the two varieties increased; the waterlogged plants of tolerant variety had higher activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS, while those of sensitive variety was significantly lower. However, the decreased starch and sucrose content were found in both tolerant and sensitive varieties. The activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS at flowering were highly positively correlated with yield under the interactive effects of N and waterlogging. These results suggested that the flowering stage is the most important stage that N had the positive regulation on waterlogged rapeseed growth. The carbohydrates translocation from leaves to seeds of the tolerant variety were enhanced after waterlogging, while that of the sensitive variety was still inhibited. This was the main reason for the difference in yield between the two waterlogged varieties.     

高职食品与药品类专业“基础化学”教学改革与实践

“基础化学”理论和实验教学质量的“高与低”在一定程度上直接关乎高职院校与化学相近专业人才培养的“成与败”。以教学改革为切入点,在“基础化学”教材建设和系列微课的制作及应用2个维度上,探讨提升“基础化学”课程教学质量的具体措施。     

山东小麦玉米机械化种植模式

通过调研山东75家新型农业经营组织生产情况，分析规模生产条件下山东小麦玉米种植规格、各环节作业方式和机械配备等生产现状与存在问题，提出了一种适合规模化生产的小麦玉米机械化种植模式，并对各环节作业提出了技术要求。      

夏季养猪企业关切的繁殖问题调查

当前养猪业进入困难时期，企业运营成本高企。炎热的夏季，种猪繁殖问题较为突出，再加上非洲猪瘟直接或者间接的原因，行业内母猪整体繁殖水平低下。团队近期对53家不同区域、不同规模、不同生产模式的养猪企业进行了调研，发现公猪问题、后备猪问题和哺乳期管理是当前猪场最为关心的3个问题。