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1.
Manabu Fukuda Kohji Takahashi Chiharu Ohkawa Yuya Sasaki Yasushi Hasegawa 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(6):1017-1025
In this study, we showed that feeding rats the organic extract of scallop shells (scallop shell extract) caused a decrease in the weights of white adipose tissues in rats fed a high-fat diet. In addition, the cholesterol concentration in the serum of rats that received a diet containing scallop shell extract was significantly lower than that in the serum of rats on the control diet. Feeding this scallop shell extract to rats increased the fecal weight as well as the fecal excretion of bile acids. The amino acid composition of the feces from rats fed the scallop shell extract was different from that of feces from rats fed the control diet, and treatment of the extract with pepsin and pancreatin identified a protein with a molecular weight of 90 kDa (90-kDa protein) as one of the indigestible proteins. Interestingly the 90-kDa protein was found to be identical to a free radical-scavenging protein we previously identified and showed the ability to bind bile acids. These results suggest that indigestible proteins (resistant proteins) in the scallop shell extract, including the 90-kDa protein, inhibit the absorption of bile acid by binding to it and cause increased excretion of fecal bile acid, which subsequently may decrease the serum cholesterol level. 相似文献
2.
Aki Namba Yuya Shigenobu Masahiro Kobayashi Takanori Kobayashi Ichiro Oohara 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(5):873-878
To construct high-quality 16S rDNA clone libraries for microbial communities associated with Porphyra yezoensis and to minimize the detection of rDNA from leafy gametophytes of P. yezoensis, we designed a new 16S rDNA universal primer (75F). Of the clones prepared using 75F, which was designed to distinguish between
bacteria and P. yezoensis, 95% were classified into four groups, namely, β-proteobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Flavobacteria. PCR-based analysis of the 16S rDNA primer constructed in this study can be used to implement 16S rDNA-based methodologies
for the investigation of microbial community composition and diversity related to the Porphyra group. 相似文献
3.
TOSHISADA SUZUKI IZUMI USUI KAORI TOMITA-YOKOTANI SHINYA KONO HIROKAZU TSUBURA YOICHI MIKI KOJI HASEGAWA 《Weed Biology and Management》2001,1(4):226-230
The effects of acid extracts of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and carrot ( Daucus carota L.) juice wastes from the food industry on the growth of five species of crops and four weeds were examined. The acid extract of the tomato juice waste promoted the shoot and root growth of tomato, Chinese cabbage, corn, and radish, but not the growth of oat seedlings. The extract did not promote the shoot growth of weeds tested, and it inhibited the root growth of the weeds that included barnyardgrass ( Echinochloa oryzicola Ohwi), southern crabgrass ( Digitaria ciliaris Koel.) and Japanese barnyard millet ( Echinochloa utilis Ohwi). The carrot juice waste was also examined as another waste from the food industry. The effect of the acid extract of carrot juice waste showed significant promoting effects on the root growth of Chinese cabbage; however, the effects on other plants were lower than that of tomato juice waste. It also did not inhibit the growth of weeds. These results suggested that the acid extract from tomato juice waste is useful as plant-growth substances because they have a promoting effect on the shoot and root growth of crops, and an inhibitory effect on the root growth of some weeds. 相似文献
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Intersection of the RNA interference and X-inactivation pathways 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In mammals, dosage compensation is achieved by X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in the female. The noncoding Xist gene initiates silencing of the X chromosome, whereas its antisense partner Tsix blocks silencing. The complementarity of Xist and Tsix RNAs has long suggested a role for RNA interference (RNAi). Here, we report that murine Xist and Tsix form duplexes in vivo. During XCI, the duplexes are processed to small RNAs (sRNAs), most likely on the active X (Xa) in a Dicer-dependent manner. Deleting Dicer compromises sRNA production and derepresses Xist. Furthermore, without Dicer, Xist RNA cannot accumulate and histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation is blocked on the inactive X (Xi). The defects are partially rescued by truncating Tsix. Thus, XCI and RNAi intersect, down-regulating Xist on Xa and spreading silencing on Xi. 相似文献
6.
Tadahisa MASHITA Hiroaki KAMISHINA Yuya NAKAMOTO Yosuke AKAGI Ataru NAKANISHI Yusuke HARASAKI Tsuyoshi OZAWA Takashi UEMURA Yui KOBATAKE Shunsuke SHIMAMURA Naoki KITAMURA Sadatoshi MAEDA Yuji UZUKA Gerry SHAW Jun YASUDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(4):433-438
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of concurrent measurement of
serum phosphorylated neurofilament heavy subunit (pNF-H) concentration and intramedullary
T2W hyperintensity in paraplegic to paraplegic dogs. Our hypothesis was that concurrent
measurement of these would provide a more accurate prediction of functional outcome in
dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH). A prospective case-control
clinical study was designed using 94 dogs with acute onset of thoracolumbar IVDH. The
association of serum pNF-H concentration, T2W hyperintensity on sagittal MRI (T2H/L2),
deep pain perception and surgical outcome were evaluated with logistic regression analysis
after three months for all 94 surgically treated dogs. Sensitivity to predict
non-ambulatory outcome was compared among pNF-H and T2H/L2 and combination of both.
Logistic regression analysis indicated that serum pNF-H concentration and T2H/L2 were
significantly correlated with surgical outcome (P<0.05); however, deep
pain perception was not (P=0.41). The results of logistic regression
analysis indicated that the odds ratios of unsuccessful long-term outcome were 2.6 for
serum pNF-H concentration, 1.9 for T2H/L2 and 2.3 for deep pain sensation. The sensitivity
and specificity to predict non-ambulatory outcome for using serum parameter pNF-H>2.6
ng/ml, using T2H/L2 value of>0.84 and using both
serum pNF-H and T2H/L2, were 95% and 75.7%, 65% and 86.5%, and 90.0% and 97.5%,
respectively. Therefore, combined measurements of serum pNF-H and T2H/L2 might be useful
for predicting long-term outcome in dogs with thoracolumbar IVDH. 相似文献
7.
Amal K. Biswas Manabu Seoka Yuya Inoue Kenji Takii Hidemi Kumai 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2005,250(3-4):666-673
Two consecutive trials were conducted to investigate the effects of photoperiod manipulation on growth rate, food intake and feed conversion efficiency (Trial 1), and the digestibility of nutrients and energy (Trial 2) in red sea bream, Pagrus major (body weight 19–120 g). Fish were exposed to four photoperiods (6L:6D, 12L:12D, 16L:8D and 24L:0D) with light intensity 1500 lx on the water surface. The fish were fed with a commercial diet to apparent satiation. In Trial 2, 0.5% chromic oxide (Cr2O3) was used as an inert marker. Significantly higher weight gain and specific growth rates were observed in fish exposed to a 24L:0D photoperiod followed by 16L:8D, 6L:6D and 12L:12D photoperiods (P < 0.05). Food intake and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) were also significantly higher in fish exposed to 24L:0D followed by 16L:8D, 6L:6D and 12L:12D photoperiods (P < 0.05). Fish exposed to 24L:0D and 16L:8D photoperiods showed significantly higher lipid and energy digestibility than those exposed to a 12L:12D photoperiod (P < 0.05). The results demonstrated that the enhancement of growth performances under 16L:8D and 24L:0D photoperiods were attributed to improved appetite, greater food intake and higher feed conversion efficiency as well as higher digestibility. 相似文献
8.
Makiguchi Y Konno Y Konishi K Miyoshi K Sakashita T Nii H Nakao K Ueda H 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2011,37(2):273-284
The movements of 28 adult chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum) tagged with electromyogram (EMG) transmitters were tracked along the Toyohira river, Hokkaido, Japan, in October
of 2007 and 2008 to investigate and evaluate the upstream migratory behavior through the protection bed and fishway of ground
sills. The approach time of fish that ascended successfully through the protection bed and fishway was shorter than that of
unsuccessful fish. The unsuccessful fish were observed to swim in currents with high water velocity and shallow water depth
at swimming speeds that exceeded their critical swimming speed (U
crit) during the approach to these structures. In consequence, unsuccessful fish frequently alternated between burst and maximum
sustained speeds without ever ascending the fishway, and eventually became exhausted. It is important that fishway are constructed
to enable chum salmon to find a passage way easily, so that they can migrate upstream rapidly without wasting excessive energy. 相似文献
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Denny Irawati Yuya Takashima Chisato Ueda J. P. Gentur Sutapa Sri Nugroho Marsoem Futoshi Ishiguri Kazuya Iizuka Nobuo Yoshizawa Shinso Yokota 《Journal of Wood Science》2013,59(6):522-527
We examined the enzymatic saccharification and ethanol fermentation of the spent media (SMs) from Auricularia polytricha cultivation using wood meals of Falcataria moluccana, Shorea sp., and Tectona grandis. Although the hydrolysis weight decrease and reducing sugar yield were higher in SM of F. moluccana, the ethanol yield was higher in SM of Shorea sp. Ozone treatment of SM further increased the hydrolysis weight decrease, reducing sugar, and ethanol yields in Shorea sp. These results indicate that SM of A. polytricha is a suitable biomass material to produce fermentable sugars for ethanol production, and that ozone treatment is a suitable method for increasing the ethanol yield. 相似文献