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排序方式: 共有147条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Yoshiki Matsushita Shusuke Machida Haruyuki Kanehiro Fumio Nakamura Naoto Honda 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(2):230-235
ABSTRACT: A small number of fishers in Chiba Prefecture of eastern Japan use cotton gill nets to catch Japanese spiny lobster Panulirus japonicus. To examine the advantages of cotton gill nets, we analyzed changes in mesh breaking load of a new cotton gill net used in a fishing operation. A new cotton gill net was also soaked in a seawater tank to simulate ghost fishing conditions. The average mesh breaking load of new cotton mesh was 50.3 N. This value decreased to 19.0 N after 38 days (∼912 h), and after 82 days (∼1968 h) the mesh could be easily torn (breaking load 0.07 N). Under fishing conditions, the cumulative soak time was only 744.4 h over 19 months. The average breaking load at the end of this period was 43.1 N, a strength 86% that of the presoaked mesh. The mesh breaking load of a cotton gill net continuously soaked for 744.4 h was 26.1 N, as estimated from tank experiment data. Thus, a cotton gill net maintains reasonable strength under typical use conditions, but will degrade if lost at sea. 相似文献
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Haruyuki HIRATA Temidayo OMOBOWALE Olufunke ADEBAYO Nodoka ASANUMA Asako HARAGUCHI Yoshiki MURAKAMI Kodai KUSAKISAKO Keiko IKEDA Mitsuhiko ASAKAWA Kazuyuki SUZUKI Chiaki ISHIHARA Hiromi IKADAI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(3):338
The present study examined the presence of Babesia parasites in 104 domestic dogs in Nigeria. Sequentially, Babesia parasites infecting domestic dogs underwent genetic and phylogenetic analyses. The results of nested PCR based on the Piroplasmida 18S rRNA gene illustrated that 13.5% (14/104) of the samples were positive. The obtained positive samples determined the nucleotide sequences of the 18S rRNA genes. In the genetic and phylogenetic analyses, four of five nucleotide sequences were similar to Babesia canis rossi, and one sample exhibited a close similarity to a Babesia sp. isolated from a raccoon in Hokkaido, Japan. The present study revealed the widespread presence of B. canis rossi among domestic dogs in Nigeria. 相似文献
4.
Loida O. Casalme Keisuke Katayama Yoshiki Hayakawa Kensuke Nakamura Arisa Yamauchi Yasuyuki Nogata Erina Yoshimura Fuyuhiko Matsuda Taiki Umezawa 《Marine drugs》2022,20(2)
Some derivatives of dolastatin 16, a depsipeptide natural product first obtained from the sea hare Dolabella auricularia, were synthesized through second-generation synthesis of two unusual amino acids, dolaphenvaline and dolamethylleuine. The second-generation synthesis enabled derivatizations such as functionalization of the aromatic ring in dolaphenvaline. The derivatives of fragments and whole structures were evaluated for antifouling activity against the cypris larvae of Amphibalanus amphitrite. Small fragments inhibited the settlement of the cypris larvae at potent to moderate concentrations (EC50 = 0.60-4.62 μg/mL), although dolastatin 16 with a substituent on the aromatic ring (24) was much less potent than dolastatin 16. 相似文献
5.
Toshihiro NADE Kazuhisa FUJITA Masashi FUJII Masaya YOSHIDA Teikichi HARYU Satsuki MISUMI Toshiaki OKUMURA 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(5):513-517
An X‐ray computed tomography (CT) system for live standing cattle was developed for studying the meat yield, carcass composition and so on. The gantry contained three X‐ray tubes and detectors that corresponded to each X‐ray tube. The system was able to operate while the animal remained standing. The scan area had a diameter of 900 mm. The Musculus longissimus and Musculus trapezius areas, and the back fat thickness in the CT image were evaluated and compared to the actual cross‐section of the carcass using eight cattle. The differences among the muscles, and the subcutaneous and intermuscular fat were easily recognized. The correlation coefficient between the CT image and the actual carcass photograph of the M. longissimus area and the back fat thickness was high (r = 0.84, r = 0.93, P < 0.01). The present study demonstrated that muscle, fat and bone can be clearly imaged from a live standing animal using X‐ray equipment. 相似文献
6.
Using a large‐scale data set that included first lactation test day records from 1975 to 2000 for Japanese Holsteins, genetic parameters for milk yield were estimated by using random regression (RR) test‐day models (TDM) with heterogeneous and homogeneous residual variances. It is necessary for the RR‐TDM to include a function that explains the shape of the lactation curve. The RR‐TDM with the LW curve, which combined Wilmink's curve and a Legendre polynomial, was used for fitting the model for milk yield. In recent years, increases in residual variance have been noted for Japanese dairy cattle. Thus, three kinds of heterogeneous residual variance over the calving year were considered: H1, H2 and HG. Linear and quadratic exponential functions for the calving year were used in H1 and H2, respectively. Residual variance of HG was divided into five groups according to calving year. Homogeneous residual variance was HO. All heterogeneous residual variances increased with calving year in an almost linear fashion. Residual variance increased over the study period. However, there is no need to consider heterogeneous residual variances in genetic evaluations, because the heterogeneity of residual variance over the years did not affect the ranking of top sires and cows. 相似文献
7.
Katsushige Shiraki Yoshiki Shinomiya Hirofumi Shibano 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(6):439-447
Numerical experiments of soil water movement and bedrock infiltration based on a simplified simulation method were conducted
to analyze watershed-scale rainfall-runoff processes. To verify the model accuracy, it was applied to a Minamitani watershed
(0.45 ha). The simulation was performed with 2.5-m space grids horizontally and five cells vertically. Results of long-term
calculation of this model proved that this simulation model is robust and demonstrated good computational water mass conservation.
Calculation results showed the best agreement with observed hydrographs and the number of groundwater levels simultaneously
when laboratory-tested soil hydraulic characteristics for topsoil were used and infiltration into bedrock was included in
numerical calculations. Numerical experiments show that bedrock infiltration generated a stable base flow and suppressed the
secondary discharge peak. The reproducibility achieved by observed soil hydraulic characteristics with the assumption of bedrock
flow demonstrates the effectiveness of the simulation model used in this article for analyses of watershed-scale soil water
movements. 相似文献
8.
Background
The etiology of canine chronic bronchitis (CB) is not completely understood, although exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) affects the airway inflammatory responses in some dogs with CB. The mechanism by which this occurs is unknown.Findings
We investigated the concentrations and methylation rates of free-floating DNA fragments in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from dogs with chronic bronchitis. Based on serum cotinine levels, dogs with CB were divided into 2 groups: dogs that either had or had not been exposed to ETS. Our results demonstrated that the total nucleated cell and macrophage numbers increased in BALF of ETS-exposed dogs with CB. There were no significant differences in DNA concentrations and methylation rates in BALF between the 2 groups. However, 3 out of 8 dogs exposed to ETS had high DNA methylation rates in their BALF samples.Conclusion
Our results suggest that ETS exposure leads to epigenetic modifications of cellular components in BALF in dogs diagnosed with CB. 相似文献9.
Yoshiki YAMAYA Toshihiro WATARI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(4):421-425
Canine chronic rhinitis (CR) and bronchitis (CB) are suspected to be allergic diseases.
The present study tested whether dogs diagnosed with CR or CB present an atopic
predisposition based on the ratio of CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4)-positive cells among
peripheral blood CD4-positive cells (CCR4/CD4) and the serum levels of allergen-specific
IgE antibodies. We found that most dogs with CR and CB have a possibility of atopic
predisposition, and macrolide therapy constitutes an alternative to corticosteroid therapy
in controlling the clinical signs. 相似文献
10.