冀东冬小麦灌浆期与千粒重的关系

通过对195份冬小麦资源品种(系)的抽穗期、灌浆时间与千粒重的试验分析表明,冀东冬小麦的抽穗期主要在5月1日～5月14日之间,而5月7～5月13日是抽穗的高峰期,达到总量的80.4%;灌浆时间在35～45d之间,以37～41d的品种最多,占品种总数的88.2%.随抽穗期的推迟、灌浆期的缩短,千粒重呈显著下降趋势,相关系数分别为 r=-0.4365和r=0.8924.     

Genital neoplasms treated by en bloc resection and penile retroversion in horses: 10 cases (1977-1986)

The medical records of 10 horses with invasive neoplasms of the penis, prepuce, and/or superficial inguinal lymph nodes in which treatment involved en bloc resection and penile retroversion were reviewed. All were geldings and ranged in age from 12 to 25 years (mean, 19 years). Evaluation of biopsy specimens obtained before surgery confirmed lymphosarcoma in 1 horse and squamous cell carcinoma in 9 horses. Typical history included swelling, ulceration, and abscessation of the penis and prepuce and large superficial inguinal lymph nodes. Complications after surgery included dehiscence of the urethrostomy site (4 horses), dehiscence of the ventral skin incision (1 horse), urine scalding of 1 hind limb (1 horse), cystitis (1 horse), severe hemorrhage (1 horse), and diarrhea (1 horse). One horse was euthanatized during hospitalization, because of severe dehydration secondary to diarrhea. At necropsy, firm nodules were scattered in the pulmonary parenchyma, myocardium, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, cranial mediastinum, kidneys, and hilar lymph nodes. Microscopic examination of the nodules revealed undifferentiated carcinoma. Nine horses were discharged from the hospital between 1 and 5 weeks after surgery. The mean follow-up interval was 27 months (range, 6 to 96 months). Eight horses had no evidence of recurrence. One horse had recurrence of neoplasm at 6 months and was euthanatized 12 months later.     

田间条件下转玉米C4型PEPC基因小麦的光合生理特性

为了检验转PEPC基因小麦是否具有C₄光合生理特性,以转PEPC基因小麦和对照周麦19为试验材料,分别于抽穗期、开花期、花后第7天和花后第15天测定其单株旗叶的气体交换参数日变化,对净光合速率日变化进行单位日光合总量分析, 并且对净光合速率日变化与单株气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度、蒸腾速率日变化的相关性进行了分析;在花后第15天测定其单株叶绿素荧光参数,并在成熟期调查了单株产量性状。与对照相比,转基因株系在4个测定时期的旗叶净光合速率明显提高,尤其在花后第15天,单位日光合总量较对照提高29.1%和23.3%,气孔导度和蒸腾速率均明显增加,胞间CO₂浓度降低;花后第15天12:00与8:00相比,转PEPC基因小麦的F_v/F_m、q_p、NPQ、Φ_PSII的变幅均小于对照;单茎重、千粒重、单穗重和收获指数较对照显著增加。以上结果表明,转PEPC基因小麦材料在田间条件下光合特性明显优于对照,且具有提高小麦产量水平的潜力。     

春小麦不同胞质杂种优势利用的研究

T 型(T.timopheevi)小麦胞质雄性不育是国际上发现的第一个可以用于杂种小麦研究的较好不育类型。T 型胞质杂种小麦的产量、千粒重、穗长、小穗数、分蘖力、抗旱性、株高和抽穗期等性状较普遍的表现出杂种优势;国内外的科学试验和生产实践表明:目前配制的杂     

"跨越计划"优质专用小麦项目成效显著

由农业部、财政部共同组织实施的农业科技跨越计划（以下简称“跨越计划”），是全国性农业科技成果中试熟化专项计划。该专项计划自1999年实施以来．先后实施了137个项目，对273项核心技术进行了熟化．形成T316套技术规范、操作规程和技术标准。新增就业岗位40788个，增加就业人数1904344人。带动农户22217YP，创立优质农产品品牌186个，实现总产值137亿元，新增纯收益20亿元，在促进农产品质量改善、农业增效、农民增收等方面发挥了重要作用。     

An expansion and compression technique for reducing and stabilizing proximal epiphyseal fractures of the tibia in foals.

Proximal tibial epiphyseal fractures in 2 foals were reduced and stabilized by expansion and compression between 2 transversely placed Steinman pins, one on each side of the fracture. A Charnley apparatus or turnbuckles placed between the pins on each side of the fracture provided the mechanical advantage for repositioning the fracture fragments and achieving rigid fixation during healing. A light cast was applied over the fixation apparatus, keeping the limb in an extended position. The cast and fixation apparatus were removed after 4 weeks. The technique allowed rapid healing and adequate ambulation. The foals had functional, straight hindlimbs 6 months after the fractures occurred.     

Radiographic aspects of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in racing horses

Abnormal pulmonary radiopacities were identified in 13 racing horses in which a diagnosis of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) had been confirmed. The lesions were in the caudal lung lobe in all horses; seven were on the right and three on the left, and the laterality for three could not be determined. In ten horses the opacities, which were large and peripherally located, obliterated the thoracophrenic angle. They merged with the silhouette of the diaphragm and had a circular or ovoid surface directed toward the hilum. The intensity of opacification of the consolidated areas varied, and they often were not sharply marginated. Dorsal displacement of the pulmonary arteries was noted in the region of the radiopacity in seven horses. Varying volumes of pleural effusion were observed in nine horses. Serial radiographic examinations were performed in seven horses. The pulmonary radiopacities cleared within ten days in two horses. In the remaining five horses, gradual resolution, characterized by a reduction in lesion size with improved margination, occurred during several months. The central region of the radiopaque lesion commonly had a patchy appearance, suggesting cavitation. Normal pulmonary vascular and interstitial markings were evident following complete resolution of these lesions. The cause of these abnormal pulmonary opacities has not been determined. Pathologic-radiologic correlations will be required to improve understanding of the pathophysiology of EIPH in the racing horse.     

Ulceration in the proximal portion of the urethra as a cause of hematuria in horses: four cases (1978-1985)

Sudden onset of hematuria was associated with mucosal ulceration of the proximal portion of the urethra in 1 stallion and 3 geldings. Hematuria was observed characteristically and consistently at the end of urination. Mucosal ulceration was identified endoscopically in the proximal portion of the urethra at the level of the ischial arch. Biopsy of an ulcerated area of the proximal urethra in one gelding revealed transitional cell carcinoma. Treatment regimens varied from systemic antimicrobial and/or vasoactive therapy to diversion of urinary flow via a temporary perineal urethrostomy. Hematuria resolved in 14 to 24 days (average, 20 days) after treatment was begun, except in one gelding that died of undetermined causes during an initial examination. In the 3 remaining horses, hematuria had not recurred for up to 9 years (average, 1 year).