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1.
Methyl donors dietary supplementation to gestating sows diet improves the growth rate of offspring and is associating with changes in expression and DNA methylation of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 gene
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Yang Zhao Yuedong Xuan Daolin Mou Hong Liu Pan Zhou Zhengfeng Fang Lianqiang Che Shengyu Xu Bin Feng Jian Li Xuemei Jiang Yan Lin De Wu 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(5):1340-1350
The study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal dietary methyl donors on the performance of sows and their offspring, and the associated hepatic insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) expression of the offspring. A total of 24 multiparous sows were randomly fed the control (CON) or the CON diet supplemented with methyl donors (MD) at 3 g/kg betaine, 15 mg/kg folic acid, 400 mg/kg choline and 150 μg/kg VB12, from mating until delivery. After farrowing, sows were fed a common lactation diet through a 28‐days lactation period and six litters per treatment were selected to be fed until at approximately 110 kg BW. Maternal MD supplementation resulted in greater birthweight (p < 0.05) and increased the piglet weights (p < 0.01) and litter weights (p < 0.05) at the age of day 28, compared with that in CON group. The offspring pigs in the MD group had greater ADG (p < 0.05) and tended to lower F:G ratio (p = 0.07) compared with that of CON group from day 28 to 180 of age. The offspring pigs from MD group had greater serum IGF‐1 concentrations and expressions of hepatic IGF‐1 gene and muscular IGF‐1 receptor (IGF‐1r) protein at birth (p < 0.05), and greater hepatic IGF‐1 protein (p = 0.03) and muscular IGF‐1r gene expressions (p < 0.05) at slaughter, than that from the CON group. Moreover, the methylation at the promoter of IGF‐1 gene in the liver of newborn piglets and finishing pigs was greater in the MD group than that of the CON group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, maternal MD supplementation throughout gestation could enhance the birthweight and postnatal growth rate of offspring, associated with an increased expression of the IGF‐1 gene and IGF‐1r, as well as the altered DNA methylation of IGF‐1 gene promotor. 相似文献
2.
宜昌橙(Cirtus caraleriei)是中国特有的野生柑橘资源,为柑橘属中抗寒性最强的原始野生种类,较耐瘠薄和荫蔽,果实供药用,可作柑橘的抗逆砧木和矮化砧木。通过研究国内主要标本馆的馆藏标本和文献资料,分析了宜昌橙的地理分布特征与主要分布区的资源特点。基于402份宜昌橙馆藏标本的分析结果表明: 野生宜昌橙主要分布于我国南方的四川、重庆、湖北、湖南、贵州、广西、云南、陕西、甘肃等9个省区、直辖市,分布区域广、海拔差异较大;不同地区宜昌橙生境和分布数量存在较大差异,陕西和甘肃两个地区采集标本的数量明显少于其他地区,为宜昌橙分布的最北沿;虽然分布点较多,但每个居群的个体数较少,资源储量严重不足。研究结果可为研究宜昌橙的地理分布及资源开发利用、保护等研究提供基础资料。 相似文献
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According to the structural characteristics of bridge engineering, the mix optimization design method of bridge fair-faced concrete was presented, and C30~C50 concrete with high cohesion and package, outstanding fluidity and excellent mechanical properties were prepared. Through the test of air content of fresh concrete, micro hardness and micro structure in different parts of hardened concrete specimens, effects of viscosity-modifying admixtures on homogeneity of concrete were discussed. The results showed that the composition of bridge fair-faced concrete were relatively homogeneous, and the microstructure were relatively dense. When C30 concrete mixed with 5 × 10 -5 cellulose ether or 6% silica fume (mass fraction of cementitious material), air content of fresh concrete were less than 2%, and slurry viscosity values were between 1 900 and 2 000 MPa·s. Also, the micro hardness values in different parts of hardened concrete specimens were closed. The results were applied in practical bridge engineering, which generally meets the apparent quality requirements of bridge fair faced concrete. 相似文献
6.
早籼型水稻温敏核不育系M103S的选育与光温反应特性 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
以温敏核不育水稻安农S—1为母本,以常规高产早籼稻品系92153为父本进行杂交,通过低温选择和人工气候箱鉴定,育成了育性转换临界温度23—24℃的早籼型温敏核不育系M103S。光周期长于12.5h,日平均温度高于24℃,可以用于制种,日平均温度低于23℃,可以用于繁殖。光周期长于13.5h,日平均温度高于23℃,可以用于制种。自然条件下不育起点温度为日均温23—24℃,耐低温期为3—4d。敏感期为抽穗前的7—14d。播始历期为53—79d,主茎叶片数10.0—12.6片。从播种到始穗的活动积温和有效积温,分别为1493.8—1766.3℃和733.4—1058.3℃。不育期的株高63.6—77.5cm,平均72.0cm,单株有效穗6.4—12.0个,平均9.3个,穗长20.9—22.7cm,平均21.2cm,每穗颖花数112.1—137.3朵,平均122.3朵。可育期株高65.7cm,单株有效穗7.2个,穗长17.2cm,每穗总粒数114.1粒,结实率47.23%,千粒重31.34g。以M103S为母本,与100多个早籼品种进行测配,杂种表现生育期早、穗大、粒多、千粒重高。 相似文献
7.
2002—2015年,采用同步调查法对鄱阳湖区反嘴鹬(Recurvirostra avosetta)越冬种群数量动态与空间分布格局进行了监测。结果表明:鄱阳湖区分布有稳定的反嘴鹬越冬种群,年平均数量为(16684±14653)只,2004年、2005年、2013年种群数量均超过目前其全球数量的10%,2004年冬季鄱阳湖区越冬反嘴鹬数量达到最大值,为47520只。鄱阳湖区共有70个湖泊记录到反嘴鹬,其中反嘴鹬种群数量达到全球1%以上的湖泊有20个。每年冬季鄱阳湖区反嘴鹬集中分布在常湖、蚌湖、花庙湖和下坝湖,而反嘴鹬利用频次最高的是大湖池,每年反嘴鹬的越冬数量为(1819±1593)只。各湖泊中反嘴鹬的年平均数量与利用频次之间不存在显著相关性。自然保护区涵盖了反嘴鹬在鄱阳湖越冬的主要湖泊,分布在保护区内的反嘴鹬种群占鄱阳湖区越冬总数量的(75.3±26.0)%,但仍有很多重要的湖泊没有被纳入到保护区范围。反嘴鹬对保护区内湖泊的利用频次与保护区外湖泊的利用频次不存在显著性差异,保护区内反嘴鹬的种群数量显著大于保护区外。 相似文献
8.
Wen-Ling Mou Shi-Ru Chen Zhen-Ting Wu Li-Hua Hu Ji-Ye Zhang Hong-Jie Chang Hang Zhou Ying Liu 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2022,35(2):193
Liver fibrosis results from liver inflammation and progresses to liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. It is known that nonalcoholic liver disease is mediated by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD-2)–tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling pathway. This study aimed to investigate whether alcoholic liver disease is also mediated by this pathway. To this end, we first established rat models of liver fibrosis by administering alcohol. Next, the rats were injected with anti-TLR4 and anti-MD-2 antibodies. Real Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the activation of the TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling pathway and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Moreover, the expression of molecules related to liver fibrosis was estimated. The morphology of rat liver tissue was observed through hematoxylin–eosin staining and Masson staining. For in vitro studies, Kupffer cells (KCs) isolated from the liver were transfected with si-TLR4 and si-MD-2 and co-cultured with HSCs to determine the activity of HSCs. It was found that alcohol treatment activated the TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling pathway and upregulated the molecules associated with liver fibrosis. However, inhibition of TLR4 and MD-2 partially reversed this trend. Notably, in vitro studies indicated that knockdown of TLR4 and MD-2 in KCs partially inhibited LPS-induced activation of KCs and HSCs. Overall, this study showed that alcohol induces liver fibrosis via the LPS-TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling pathway. 相似文献
9.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate, measure and assess the food consumption pattern of the adult population living in Beirut, Lebanon, and to identify inadequate or excessive intake of food groups particularly linked to non-communicable diseases. DESIGN: A cross-sectional food consumption survey was conducted in 2001. Dietary habits were assessed by means of a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. SETTING: Dietary survey of the urban population (Beirut). SUBJECTS: Random sample of 444 adult subjects (aged 25-54 years) in Beirut. RESULTS: The mean consumption of food by the study population was estimated to be 3,030 g day(-1), providing an energy intake of 2,523.57 kcal day(-1). Fat contributed 38.9% to the average daily energy intake, protein 13.4% and carbohydrates 47.2%. Mean consumption of fruits and vegetables was approximately 367 g day(-1) and 45.3% of subjects consumed less than the recommended 400 g daily. Cereals contributed 324.5 g day(-1), providing 35.0% of daily energy intake, with bread being the most highly consumed (146.2 g day(-1)) in this food group. The mean intake of meat and poultry products was 91.7 g day(-1) and provided 8.8% of daily energy intake, with consumption of butchery products especially beef being the highest (47.6 g day(-1)) followed by poultry (36.1 g day(-1)). A low consumption of fish was noted (19.7 g day(-1)), with 73.6% of subjects consuming less than the recommended 2 servings of fish per week. Dairy products contributed 243.1 g day(-1) or 10.9% of daily energy intake, and milk was the least consumed dairy product (56.8% of consumers). The intake of added fats and oils, excluding those in cooked recipes, was 20.4 g day(-1); olive oil was not used in cooking but was added solely at the table and its mean intake was 5 g day(-1). The consumption of butter was low (0.86 g day(-1)) and vegetable oil was the type of fat mostly used in cooking. The average intake of alcoholic beverages was low (33.6 g day(-1)), accounting for 0.7% of total energy intake. Women had significantly higher intakes of milk, dairy products, vegetables and coffee than men (P < 0.05). The percentage of women who reported the use of low-fat items was significantly higher than that of men. Younger people (25-34 years) ate significantly more meat, sugar, alcoholic beverages and soft drinks, and consumed significantly less cooked vegetables and legumes, than older ones (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The rather high contribution of fat to daily energy intake, the low intake of fish and the relatively high percentage of people consuming less than the recommended amount of fruits and vegetables observed in this study suggest that the adult Lebanese population is at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, obesity and other non-communicable diseases, which provides the basis for recommending increased intakes of fish, particularly fatty fish, and fruits and vegetables. 相似文献
10.
甘蔗叶鞘剥离过程弹性齿运动分析与试验 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对弹性齿运动状态的分析阐述了弹性齿在叶鞘撕裂和剥离过程中的作用机理,采用ADAMS软件对弹性齿与甘蔗茎秆的接触过程进行仿真分析,确定剥叶滚筒中心距及弹性齿与甘蔗茎秆之间的相对速度变化对叶鞘撕裂和剥离产生的影响。利用物理样机进行剥叶滚筒中心距单因素试验和剥叶滚筒转速单因素试验对运动分析结果进行验证,并通过高速摄影对仿真的结果进行验证。结果表明,剥叶滚筒中心距为310 mm,弹性齿与甘蔗茎秆接触时刻,y轴方向的线速度差为3.91~5.87 m/s时,弹性齿可沿茎秆表面向下滑动,有利于叶鞘沿着纤维方向撕裂,x轴方向的线速度差为4.61~7.54 m/s时,弹性齿在甘蔗轴线方向可以持续滑动,有利于对叶鞘造成刮擦脱离,综合剥叶效果为含杂率低于7%、茎秆折断率低于15%。弹性齿与茎秆分离时刻,由于弹性恢复产生线速度突变,相对速度差增大4~5倍,有利于将叶鞘从茎秆上撕扯脱落。 相似文献