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排序方式: 共有144条查询结果,搜索用时 328 毫秒
1.
Ken R. Ito Tomonori Sato Hiro Goto Katsuyoshi Sato Jun Watanabe Masaki Yokoo 《The Journal of Poultry Science》2022,59(3):247
Increasing food loss and waste (FLW) is a global problem, and efforts are being made to use waste food as potential livestock feed material. The amount of self-supplied feed is lower in Japan than in other countries, and the government recommends FLW use for animal feed. Sake (Japanese rice wine) is a traditional alcoholic beverage. During the sake manufacturing process, large amounts of squeezed solids or “lees” (sake lees) are generated. Sake lees are nutritious and functional, but are prone to spoilage. In this study, we investigated whether sake lees should be mixed with animal feed immediately or after drying. To assess the usefulness of sake lees as a poultry feed ingredient and determine the effect of sake lees on intestinal immunity, we performed a feeding trial with three treatments: a raw sake lees (RSL) diet, dried sake lees (DSL) diet, and control diet. Three-week-old broilers were fed these diets (n=8 per group) for two weeks. We then calculated feed efficiency and performed RT-qPCR to assess the effects of diet on intestinal immunity. The growth performance in the RSL diet group was equivalent to that in the control diet group. The DSL diet became difficult for broilers to eat, resulting in decreased growth performance. In the ileum of RSL-diet broilers, the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1 and avian β-defensin (AvBD)12 were significantly increased compared to those of control diet broilers (p<0.05), and a significant correlation was observed between the two genes (p<0.05). Our results indicated that sake lees should not be dried and should be mixed immediately with feed, and this sake lees when fed to chicken activates the intestinal immunity. However, sake lees have a lower fat content than corn, and it is thus important to combine sake lees with high-energy feed. 相似文献
2.
Norihiko Nakano Ryo Kawabe Nariharu Yamashita Tomonori Hiraishi Katsutaro Yamamoto Katsuaki Nashimoto 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(2):239-249
ABSTRACT: Color vision, spectral sensitivity, accommodation, and visual acuity were examined in juvenile masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou masou to obtain fundamental information about the visual system. Two types of S-potentials were recorded from 415 horizontal cells in isolated retinas from 34 cultured freshwater masu salmon (114–219 mm standard length, SL). Although horizontal cells recording S-potentials were not identified, the horizontal cells were confirmed because their responses were maintained while the stimulus remained. The variety of chromaticity (C)-type S-potentials indicated well-developed color vision. The analysis of the luminosity (L)-type S-potentials indicated that the peak spectral sensitivity was at 522 nm. S-potentials were also recorded in response to ultraviolet light. The direction and extent of lens movement induced by electrical stimulation was measured in 12 cultured masu salmon (99.0–142.5 mm SL). The results indicated that the visual axis was upward and forward, and that the range of accommodation was from 0.79 × SL in front of the eye to infinity. In histological analysis of the retinas of five wild smolts (100–118 mm SL), the maximum cone densities (276–345 cones/0.01 mm2 ) were detected in the ventral to temporal regions. The visual acuities assessed by histological methods were 0.069–0.075. 相似文献
3.
Yong Li Katsutaro Yamamoto Tomonori Hiraishi Katsuaki Nashimoto Hiroyuki Yoshino 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(6):1147-1152
ABSTRACT: A field experiment was conducted in the Matsumae area of Hokkaido, Japan, during June and July 2002, to investigate the effects of different entrance designs on the catch efficiency of fish traps by fishing with commercial traps (entrance inclination angle [α] = 37°; funnel length of entrance [ L f ] = 22 cm) and experimental traps. The experimental traps were of the same size and similar design as commercial traps, with different entrance inclination angles (trap E1: α = 46°; E2: α = 27°; E3: α = 0°; all L f = 22 cm) or funnel lengths (E4: α = 37°, L f = 8 cm). In total, 2200 fish during 200 trap hauls were captured. The catch was significantly higher using both traps E2 and the commercial trap than with trap E3 ( P < 0.05), and the catch of trap E2 was higher than that of the commercial trap. There were no significant differences in mean fish body length or the frequency distributions of body length among trap types (E1, E2, E3 and commercial). The funnel length of the entrance also affected the catch of traps. Trap E4 had significantly higher catches than the commercial trap ( P = 0.04) when traps were deployed for a 1-day soak time. Fish body length frequency distributions did not differ between trap E4 and the commercial trap. The results showed that catch can be greatly affected by trap entrance designs. 相似文献
4.
Yuki Ichinose Rena Shimizu Yoko Ikeda Fumiko Taguchi Mizuri Marutani Takafumi Mukaihara Yoshishige Inagaki Kazuhiro Toyoda Tomonori Shiraishi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(4):244-249
The flagellins purified from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci induce a hypersensitive reaction in nonhost tomato cells. To investigate the role of flagella and flagellin in the compatible interaction, we generated two types of flagella-defective mutant. The fliC mutant lost the fliC gene that encodes flagellin protein, whereas the fliD mutant lost the fliD gene that encodes HAP2-capping protein. The two mutants had markedly reduced ability to cause disease symptoms in tobacco leaves. Furthermore, propagation of the mutants in tobacco leaves was less than that in wild-type pv. tabaci. Compared to the inoculation with wild-type pv. tabaci, inoculation with the two mutants did not markedly induce the expression of typical defense response-related genes such as PAL and hsr203J. Complementation of each fliC and fliD gene to the corresponding deficient mutant restored motility and virulence. These results indicate that flagella of P. syringae pv. tabaci are indispensable organelles for complete virulence on host tobacco plants. 相似文献
5.
Tomonari Kasai Tomoko Suzuki Kozue Ono Ken'ichi Ogawa Yoshishige Inagaki Yuki Ichinose Kazuhiro Toyoda Tomonori Shiraishi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(5):265-272
We previously reported that the release of O2
− from isolated pea cell walls was enhanced by a 70-kDa glycoprotein elicitor but was suppressed by mucin-type glycopeptide
suppressors (supprescins A and B) prepared from pycnospore germination fluid of Mycosphaerella pinodes, causal agent of Mycosphaerella blight of pea. Here, we show that superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the apoplast fluid/cell wall
of pea seedlings responds to the fungal elicitor and suppressor molecules. In a pharmacological study and with internal amino
acid sequencing, the apoplastic SOD in a pea cultivar Midoriusui was found to be a Cu/Zn type SOD. We cloned a full-length
cDNA of the Cu/Zn-SOD and designated it as PsCu/Zn-SOD1. An increase in PsCu/Zn-SOD1 mRNA and the PsCu/Zn-SOD1 protein was induced by treatment with the elicitor more intensively
than by wounding. Such induction by the elicitor or wounding, however, was inhibited by the concomitant presence of supprescins.
The SOD activity of recombinant PsCu/Zn-SOD1 was regulated directly by these signal molecules in a manner similar to their
effect on the SOD activity in the apoplastic fluid and in the cell wall-bound proteins. Based on these findings, we discuss
a role for PsCu/Zn-SOD1 in the pea defense response.
The nucleotide sequence data of PsCu/Zn-SOD1 reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession number AB189165. 相似文献
6.
Kana Naito Yasuhiro Ishiga Kazuhiro Toyoda Tomonori Shiraishi Yuki Ichinose 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(4):281-285
Flagellin in Pseudomonas syringae is a potent elicitor of defense responses including hypersensitive cell death in dicot plants. The oligopeptides flg22 consisting
of 22 conserved amino acids near the N-terminus of flagellins is reported to induce plant defense responses. Because glycosylation
of the central domain of flagellin affects its elicitor activity, we investigated whether any peptide sequence in addition
to flg22 is required for flagellin-induced hypersensitive reaction. A study of recombinant flagellin polypeptides indicated
that the N-terminal domain including the conserved flg22 is required for flagellin-induced hypersensitive cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana. 相似文献
7.
8.
Yasuyuki Tachiki Tetsuhiko Yoshimura Hisashi Hasegawa Tomonori Mita Tetsuro Sakai Futoshi Nakamura 《Journal of Forest Research》2005,10(6):419-427
The objectives of this study were to determine Global Positioning System (GPS) positional errors while moving under the forest
canopy and to clarify the effects of polyline simplification on area and perimeter estimations. We used the Pathfinder Pro
XR and GPSMAP 76S, which are categorized as “high-end mapping” and “general navigation” GPS receivers, respectively. The field
tests were conducted in both natural and plantation forests. The results showed that the Pathfinder Pro XR, which has better
multipath rejection technology, worked well, especially in the plantation forest under unfavorable conditions of higher stand
density. We used analysis of variance to clarify the effects of the receiver type, positioning mode, stand type, and polyline
simplification method on area and perimeter estimations. The receiver type and positioning mode were found to be significant
factors that affected area estimation. The Pathfinder Pro XR estimated the area more accurately than the GPSMAP 76S, and differential
GPS estimated the area more accurately than autonomous GPS. With respect to the perimeter, the receiver type, positioning
mode, and polyline simplification method were found to be significant factors. The results showed that perimeter estimation
was improved by using the velocity filter, and further improved by using the velocity filter and Douglas-Peucker algorithm,
especially when the Pathfinder Pro XR was used. The GPSMAP 76S estimated the perimeter accurately without any filtering because
its default speed filter worked well, even though the GPSMAP 76S is a general navigation GPS receiver. 相似文献
9.
Utilization of free amino acids, yolk proteins and lipids in developing eggs and yolk-sac larvae of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Nobuyuki Ohkubo Sayumi Sawaguchi Tomonori Hamatsu Takahiro Matsubara 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(3):620-630
ABSTRACT: To elucidate the utilization of the major yolk nutrient stocks in eggs and larvae of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma , the contents of free amino acids (FAA), the major yolk protein (180 kDa lipovitellin originated from vitellogenin B in ovulated eggs: oLv B), and lipids were measured. Most eggs hatched 18 days after fertilization at 5°C, and all larvae absorbed almost all their yolk mass by 28 days. The total FAA content showed no change during the first 6 days, and then decreased to 28% of the initial level by 18 days. The oLv B contents, measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a specific antiserum against oLv B, gradually decreased from 6 to 18 days, followed by a rapid decline. The content of phospholipids (PL) and triacylglycerols (TG) showed no marked change until hatching, and then decreased until disappearance of yolk sac. From these results, it is proposed that there are two main periods for nutrient utilization in embryos and larvae of walleye pollock. In the first period, FAA was mainly utilized until 18 days after fertilization. Active utilization of oLv B and lipids (PL and TG) instead of FAA occurred during the second period from 18 to 28 days. 相似文献
10.