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THOMAS WITTEK Dr. habil Diplomate ECBHM KATJA TISCHER DVM IMKE KÖRNER Dr. Med Vet TATJANA SATTLER Dr. Med Vet PETER D. CONSTABLE BVSc PhD Diplomate ACVIM MANFRED FÜRLL Dr. habil Diplomate ECBHM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(6):537-544
Objective— To determine the effects of preoperative erythromycin or combined dexamethasone/vitamin C treatment on postoperative abomasal emptying rate in cows undergoing surgical correction of abomasal volvulus (AV).
Study Design— Prospective, controlled, clinical study using a convenience sample.
Animals— Lactating Holstein–Friesian cows (n=45) with AV were alternately assigned to 3 groups (n=15): group C: untreated (control); group E: erythromycin (10 mg/kg intramuscularly [IM]); group D: dexamethasone (0.02 mg/kg intravenously [IV]) and vitamin C (10 mg/kg IV).
Methods— Drugs were administered 1 hour before surgical correction of AV. d -xylose solution (50%, 0.5 g/kg body weight) was injected into the abomasal lumen during surgery. Jugular venous blood samples for determination of serum d -xylose concentration were periodically obtained. Time to maximal serum d -xylose concentration (Tmax-model ) was pharmacokinetically determined.
Results— Abomasal emptying rate was significantly ( P <0.05) faster in group E (Tmax-model =182±69 min; mean±SD) than in group C cows (Tmax-model =237±64 min). Abomasal emptying rate was similar in group D (Tmax-model =196±47 min) and group C. Both treatments improved postoperative milk yield within 1 day after surgery.
Conclusion— Preoperative injection of erythromycin (10 mg/kg IM) is an effective method for ameliorating postoperative abomasal hypomotility in cows with AV.
Clinical Relevance— Parenteral erythromycin can be recommended for preoperative treatment of cows with AV. 相似文献
Study Design— Prospective, controlled, clinical study using a convenience sample.
Animals— Lactating Holstein–Friesian cows (n=45) with AV were alternately assigned to 3 groups (n=15): group C: untreated (control); group E: erythromycin (10 mg/kg intramuscularly [IM]); group D: dexamethasone (0.02 mg/kg intravenously [IV]) and vitamin C (10 mg/kg IV).
Methods— Drugs were administered 1 hour before surgical correction of AV. d -xylose solution (50%, 0.5 g/kg body weight) was injected into the abomasal lumen during surgery. Jugular venous blood samples for determination of serum d -xylose concentration were periodically obtained. Time to maximal serum d -xylose concentration (T
Results— Abomasal emptying rate was significantly ( P <0.05) faster in group E (T
Conclusion— Preoperative injection of erythromycin (10 mg/kg IM) is an effective method for ameliorating postoperative abomasal hypomotility in cows with AV.
Clinical Relevance— Parenteral erythromycin can be recommended for preoperative treatment of cows with AV. 相似文献
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The toxicity of pure phenol, formaldehyde, and industrial wastewater, containing phenol and formaldehyde, from a resin production plant was evaluated using aquatic organisms from different taxonomic groups. Test organisms included mixed bacterial culture, unicellular green algae Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Breb., crustacea Daphnia pulex de Geer (daphnids), and fish Oncorhynchus mykiss Call, 1990 (rainbow trout). Formaldehyde was found to be more toxic to the mixed bacterial culture (120h EC50 = 34.1 mg L-1), algae (24h EC50 = 14.7 mg L-1), and crustacea (48h EC50 = 5.8 mg L-1) than phenol. Phenol proved to be more toxic to fish (48h LC50 = 13.1 mg L-1) than to the mixed bacterial culture (120h EC50 = 510 mg L-1), algae (24h EC50 = 403 mg L-1), and crustacea (48h EC50 = 25 mg L-1). The toxicity of the industrial wastewater to the mixed bacterial culture, algae, and crustacea was caused mainly by formaldehyde, but for fish the presence of phenol in the wastewater proved to be the significant reason for toxicity. Differences in sensitivity of the selected test organisms were also observed, with fish and crustacea being the most sensitive species. 相似文献
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