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1.
Summary Cultures of Azolla sp. ST-SI, A. microphylla BR-GI, A. mexicana BR-GL, A. caroliniana WT-V, and A. filiculoides BR -H were grown in N-free International Rice Research Institute growth medium in the glasshouse at 38±1 °C (day) and 25±1 °C (night) under a light intensity of 350 Em2s–1 for 27 days. Biomass, chlorophyll contents and nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction assay) were recorded on the 19th and 27th day. For comparison the same parameters were studied in Azolla spp. under normal growth conditions at 26±1 °C (day) and 19±1 °C (night). Azolla sp. STSI and A. microphylla BR-GI had produced a larger biomass by the 19th and the 27th day of incubation than A. caroliniana WTV and A. filiculoides which showed poor growth. Under normal growth conditions A. caroliniana WTV and A. filiculoides BRH produced less biomass than the other Azolla spp. cultures tested. A. mexicana BR-GL had a higher total chlorophyll content in both incubation periods than A. caroliniana WT-V and A. filiculoides BR-H. The N content was high in Azolla sp. ST-SI, A. microphylla BR-GI, and A. mexicana BR-GL compared with the low N content of A. filiculoides BR-H and A. caroliniana WT-V. At the higher temperature (38±1 °C/25±1 °C) Azolla sp. ST-SI and A. microphylla BR-GI consistently showed a higher growth rate than A. filiculoides BR-H and A. caroliniana WTV, while the growth rate of A. mexicana BR-GL was intermediate.The study was carried out at C.F. Kettering Research Laboratory, Yellowsprings, OH - 45387, USA 相似文献
2.
Ratchataporn Lunsin Ruangyote Pilajun Anusorn Cherdthong Metha Wanapat Somporn Duanyai Prapatsorn Sombatsri 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13652
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different levels of fibrolytic enzyme on nutrient utilization and milk production in dairy cows. Four multiparous early-to-mid-lactation Holstein–Friesian crossbred cows were randomly allocated in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Cows were fed a balanced total mixed ration (TMR) on a dry matter (DM) basis containing 0, 1.2, 2.4, and 3.6 g/kg DM of fibrolytic enzyme in TMR, where the TMR comprises 60% concentrate supplemented with a fibrolytic enzyme at 0, 2, 4, and 6 g/kg DM of concentrate, and 40% urea-molasses-treated sugarcane bagasse (UMSB) was used as a roughage source. Fibrolytic enzyme supplementation in TMR containing UMSB did not affect dry matter intake (DMI) of dairy cows (p > 0.05). There was a quadratic effect of fibrolytic enzyme levels on the digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (p < 0.05), and the maximal response was reached at 1.2–2.4 g/kg DM of fibrolytic enzyme added in the TMR. Furthermore, 3.5% fat-corrected milk, milk fat, total volatile fatty acids, and propionic acid were greater in a cow fed with 1.2–2.4 g/kg DM of fibrolytic enzyme, resulting in a lower ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid (p < 0.05). In conclusion, adding a fibrolytic enzyme in TMR containing UMSB improved nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation, and milk production of lactating dairy cows. 相似文献
3.
Hongsibsong S Wipasa J Pattarawarapan M Chantara S Stuetz W Nosten F Prapamontol T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(1):16-22
1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE) is the major metabolite of insecticide 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (p,p'-DDT) and a persistent organic pollutant (POPs) with concerns regarding its bioaccumulation and persistence in the environment and food chain. In the present study, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ic-ELISA) specific for the detection of p,p'-DDE is described. In hapten synthesis, 2,2'-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethanol and glutaric anhydride were used as precursor and spacer arm, respectively. The hapten was then conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) as immunogen for mouse immunization and also conjugated to ovalbumin as coating antigen for ELISA. The developed ic-ELISA was used for detecting p,p'-DDE in human milk samples and validated against the results from conventional gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD). Coefficients of variation (%CV) of ELISA were 5.7-10.4% for intra-assay and 10.6-19.6% for interassay variations. The Pearson correlation coefficient of p,p'-DDE concentrations between ic-ELISA and GC-ECD was r = 0.766, which was in an acceptable range. The results indicate that the developed assay could be an alternative analytical tool for monitoring p,p'-DDE in lipimic matrices such as human milk. 相似文献
4.
Genetic characterization of a betanodavirus isolated from a clinical disease outbreak in farm‐raised tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) in Thailand
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J Keawcharoen S Techangamsuwan A Ponpornpisit E D Lombardini T Patchimasiri N Pirarat 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):49-54
Betanodavirus infection was diagnosed in larvae of farm‐raised tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.), in central Thailand. Extensive vacuolar degeneration and neuronal necrosis were observed in histological sections with positive immunohistochemical staining for betanodavirus. Molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the nucleotide sequences (1333 bases) of the capsid protein gene. The virus strain was highly homologous (93.07–93.88%) and closely related to red‐spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV). 相似文献
5.
Apiraya Thepsukhon Somporn Choonluchanon Shikeyuki Tajima Mika Nomura Soraya Ruamrungsri 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(9):1424-1438
Endophytic bacteria carrying out dinitrogen (N2) fixation and indole acetic acid (IAA) synthesis were firstly identified in C. alismatifolia, a globally important flower crop. Their potential as growth promoters to stimulate the rapid growth of host plant was also examined. It will be beneficial to reduce the propagation period of tissue culture plantlets, and also utilize as a biofertilizer for rhizome production in the field. Seven endophytic bacteria were isolated from the leaf, four isolates from the leaf base, and two from the rhizome. ECS203, a gram-negative bacterium with a round shape, showed the highest N2 fixation at 4.2 nmol C2H4/106 cells/hr, and ECS202 showed the highest IAA synthesis at 296 μL μg ? 1 protein. Three selected isolates of N2-fixing and IAA synthesizing endophytic bacteria, i.e., ECS202, ECS203, and ECS204, isolated from the leaf base, were used to reinoculate Curcuma plantlets derived from tissue culture. Then, plants were grown in sterilized sand for 2 months and weekly supplied with N-free nutrient solution. Plant growth, colonization, nitrogen fixation, and IAA synthesis were measured at two months after planting. The inoculated plants clearly showed a better performance of plant growth and yield in terms of the plant height, plant weight, leaf area, and diameter of new rhizomes compared with uninoculated plants. The chlorophyll content and N concentration of leaves and roots also increased in inoculated plants. Endophytic bacteria from inoculated plants colonized the roots, rhizome, and leaf base. Partial sequence analysis using 16S rDNA indicated that the isolate ECS202 corresponded to Sphingomonas pseudosanguinis (99.2% similarity over 1,371 bp), ECS203 to Bacillus drentensis (99.4% similarity over 1,450 bp) and ECS204 to Bacillus methylotrophicus (99.9% similarity over 13,06 bp). 相似文献
6.
Takata Yoshinobu Sato Shigeru Ha Dao Viet Montojo Ulysses M. Lirdwitayaprasit Thaithaworn Kamolsiripichaiporn Somporn Kotaki Yuichi Fukuyo Yasuwo Kodama Masaaki 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(2):473-480
Domoic acid was found in bivalves belonging to the genus Spondylus collected randomly from the Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand and Ishigaki Island, Japan. This is the first report of domoic
acid accumulating in bivalves from tropical waters. Large differences in domoic acid levels were observed among the Spondylus specimens collected from different areas. The Spondylus specimens from the Philippines and Vietnam showed higher levels of domoic acid whereas the level in Spondylus spp. from Thailand and Japan was low. The highest level of domoic acid—more than four times the safe consumption level of
20 μg/g whole tissue—was found in a specimen from the Philippines. On the other hand, bivalves other than Spondylus collected from the same area at the same time in the Philippines showed very low levels of domoic acid, showing that bivalves
belonging to the genus Spondylus accumulate specifically high levels of domoic acid. These results suggest the wide distribution of causative phytoplankton
in tropical waters. 相似文献
7.
Chutchai Piewbang Sabrina Wahyu Wardhani Surangkanang Chaiyasak Jakarwan Yostawonkul Tanit Kasantikul Somporn Techangamsuwan 《Zoonoses and public health》2022,69(1):55-60
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection has been recognized as a serious disease in humans. Wildlife animal infections due to JEV have not been well described. This study identified JEV infection in two deceased meerkats in Thailand, with clinical signs of neurological disease. Histopathology of brains revealed severe lymphoplasmacytic necrotizing meningoencephalitis, while similar inflammation was observed in the lung and liver. Partial JEV sequences were identified from the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded-derived brain sections of two meerkats and were found to be genetically similar to a JEV strain detected in China but not from a local strain. Using immunohistochemistry, the virus was identified in neurons and glial cells, and also found in bronchial glands, Kupffer's cells in liver, lymphocytes in the spleen and pancreatic acini, which suggests extraneural infection. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of spheroid viral particles in the lungs. These findings may suggest that infection of extraneural organs in meerkats is similar to that described in JEV-infected humans. In conclusion, this study identified the first JEV infection in meerkats as an interesting case study. The JEV should be considered as an important differential diagnosis in meerkats with encephalitis. Further surveillance on JEV infection in meerkats and other wildlife species in a large cohort is needed in the future study. 相似文献
8.
W. Prachasilpchai S. Nuanualsuwan T. Chatsuwan S. Techangamsuwan S. Wangnaitham A. Sailasuta 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2007,8(2):139-145
A total of 75 biopsied samples of cardia, fundus, body, and pyloric antrum from necropsied dogs that were submitted to the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University from April 2003 to June 2004 were investigated. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter spp. in canine stomach by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in comparison to histochemistry versus immunohistochemistry (IHC), and to correlate these diagnostic methods with the clinical significance in infected dogs. Histopathological results revealed 60.0% (45/75) of samples to be positive, and consisted of mild gastritis in 64.44% (29/45), moderate gastritis in 11.11% (5/45), and severe gastritis in 24.44% (11/45). The proportion showing no histopathological lesions was 40.0% (30/75). Helicobacter spp. were localized to the luminal crypt in 18.67% (14/75), gastric pit in 22.67% (17/75), gastric gland in 21.33% (16/75), and gastric epithelium in 8% (6/75). The percentages of positive samples of Helicobacter spp. diagnosed by hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E), Warthin Starry stain (WSS), IHC with rabbit polyclonal anti-H. pylori antibody, and PCR were 17.3% (13/75), 46.7% (35/75), 30.7% (23/75), and 10.7% (8/75), respectively. No significant differences weree observed in histopathological changes in portions of the stomach (p>0.05). The diagnosis of Helicobacter spp. by PCR in comparison to that by WSS and IHC was not significantly different (p>0.05). There were no relationships between pathological studies using H&E, WSS, and IHC, and especially between PCR and clinical signs of Helicobacter spp. infections in canine stomachs (p>0.05). The present study revealed significantly different levels of correlation for Helicobacter spp. detection between H&E and WSS (p<0.001). Results indicate that the method of choice for diagnosis of Helicobacter spp. infection in canine stomach is dependent on the purpose of study and appropriate specimen collection. 相似文献
9.
Niwetpathomwat A Kaewthamasorn M Tiawsirisup S Techangamsuwan S Suvarnvibhaja S 《Research in veterinary science》2007,82(3):364-369
Heartworm disease, caused by the filarial nematode, Dirofilaria immitis, is a major, potentially life-threatening disease of dogs, with worldwide distribution and global significance. It is not only of veterinary importance but it also has zoonotic potential in many regions. It is considered as an endemic disease in Thailand, although clinical data about the disease is rarely reported. The objectives of this study were to characterize the clinical hematology and the biochemistry of canine dirofilariasis cases admitted to Chulalongkorn University, Small Animal Teaching Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, from 2001-2003. All hematology and serum biochemistry parameter interpretations were based on reference values. A total of 1023 dogs were evaluated in this study. Dogs were divided into three groups based on their heartworm classification (microfilaremic, occult and negative). The major hematological findings in microfilaremic dogs were a mild to moderate anemia, mild to severe thrombocytopenia, marked leukocytosis, moderate to marked neutrophilia, eosinophilia and monocytosis. The most common serum biochemical abnormalities in microfilaremic dogs included increased alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase with a mean+/-SD of 311+/-299, 82+/-76 and 50+/-38 IU/L, respectively. It is likely that this parasitic infection led to the impairment of the hematological and biochemical status of the infected dogs. We believe that investigation of these laboratory based parameters, when associated with the clinical signs, is a very important approach to be considered in the routine clinical follow up, as well as being important for therapeutic evaluations. 相似文献
10.
Nguyen Manh Tuong Chutchai Piewbang Anudep Rungsipipat Somporn Techangamsuwan 《The Veterinary quarterly》2021,41(1):232
BackgroundCanine circovirus is reported in dogs in many countries, including the USA, China and Thailand. It has been detected in healthy dogs and dogs with diarrhea, hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, and vasculitis. It comprises five genotypes and is frequently found as a coinfection with canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2).AimTo characterize canine circovirus genotypes co-circulating with CPV-2 in Vietnam.MethodPCR assessment of 81 CPV-2-positive fecal samples from Vietnamese diarrheic dogs up to seven months of age for other viral enteric pathogens, including canine bocavirus, canine adenovirus, paramyxovirus, canine coronavirus, porcine circovirus-3 and canine circovirus. In addition, eight selected full genome sequences of Vietnamese canine circovirus were analyzed and used for phylogeny.ResultsIn total 19.8% of samples were found to be positive for canine circovirus. Phylogeny revealed that the Vietnamese canine circovirus strains were clustered in two different genotypes (genotype-1 and -3). The genetic diversity among Vietnamese canine circovirus was 86.0–87.2%. The nucleotide discrepancy among both genotypes altered the deduced amino acid sequence in 14 and ten residues of the replicase and capsid proteins, respectively. Genetic recombination analysis revealed that the Vietnamese canine circovirus-6 strain has the American and Chinese canine circovirus as its major and minor parents, respectively. Only a single dog revealed triple detections of CPV-2c, Canine circovirus and canine adenovirus (1.2%).ConclusionThe co-circulation of two different genotypes of canine circovirus and CPV-2c in dogs in Vietnam has been illustrated.Clinical relevanceThe mortality rate with CPV-2 only (22%) doubled in dogs with canine circovirus and CPV-2 co-infection. 相似文献