Enhancing Embryo Yield in Superovulated Holstein Heifers by Immunization Against Inhibin

Eight heifers, aged 16–17 months and showing normal oestrous cycles, were immunized against a recombinant porcine inhibin α subunit immunogen, together with another 10 heifers of the same age as controls and treated with placebo immunogen. Primary (1 mg immunogen) and two booster (0.5 mg immunogen each) immunizations were administered at 28‐day intervals. Ten days after the second booster immunization, both groups of heifers underwent a superovulation treatment. Each animal was given an intravaginal progesterone releasing sponge, which was withdrawn 7 days following an i.m. injection of 0.5 mg cloprostenol. Heifers were treated with FSH for 4 days and artificially inseminated after oestrus occurred. The embryos were flushed and evaluated 7 days after insemination. Immunization significantly (p < 0.01) increased blood antibody titres against recombinant porcine inhibin α subunit, from pre‐immunizaion and control values of approximately 0.06 of ELISA 450 nm reading to 0.6 to 0.7 after two or three immunizations. The immunized heifers produced on average 15.8 ± 2.8 embryos, significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the yield of 8.3 ± 1.5 in the controls. The number of transferable embryos were non‐significantly higher in immunized than in control heifers (9.6 ± 3.1 vs 5.8 ± 1.6, p > 0.05). The peak plasma oestradiol concentrations were significantly higher in immunized than in control heifers, both immediately after FSH treatment and 20 days thereafter. Plasma P4 concentrations after superovulation were in the range of 20 ng / ml in the immunized heifers, significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the values approximately 15 ng / ml in control heifers. These results indicated that prior immunization against inhibin α subunit stimulated production of antibodies against inhibin, which enhanced follicular developmental response to superovulation and lead to higher yield of total and transferable embryos. Therefore immunization combined with the conventional superovulatory gonadotrophin treatment, can be a simple and efficient method to produce low cost bovine embryos.     

畜产品安全与毒害物质残留研究进展

论述了畜产品安全及其目前畜产品中的兽药、激素、重金属、生物毒素、农药、微生物等毒害物质的残留，并对畜产品安全现状及存在的问题进行了分析。     

在葫芦岛地区冬麦几项试验结果初报

近些年来 ,葫芦岛地区冬麦生产在逐年扩大 ,为了提高冬麦产量和以冬麦为前茬调整和优化种植业结构 ,以增加农民收入 ,我们围绕冬麦生产开展了一些试验与示范。现将试验结果初报如下 ,供参考。1　冬麦品种筛选1 .1　抗寒性鉴定通过在建昌县和尚房子乡、兴城市大寨乡和连山区金星镇试验田上鉴定结果表明 ,京 41 1越冬抗寒性居首 ,其越冬死亡率在 0～ 3.0 %。越冬死亡率最高的品种为 950 2 1 ,达 76.3%(引自金州区种子公司 )。京冬 8号越冬死亡率 0～ 1 8.4%。据调查 ,越冬死亡率在 1 5.0 %以内 ,返青后每667ｍ2 存活苗数达 1 5万株左右 ,仍然…     

酒制熟地黄炮制过程中梓醇的变化趋势及变化机理

为研究酒制熟地黄炮制工艺过程中梓醇的变化趋势和变化机理，利用HPLC检测酒制熟地黄炮制过程中不同时间点梓醇的含量，并利用FT-IR结合变温附件获取梓醇在不同温度点的红外光谱信息。结果表明，酒制熟地黄炮制过程中，梓醇含量整体呈下降趋势，但不同时间段梓醇含量下降率不同。梓醇含量下降的原因是其热稳定性较低，在温度90～100℃之间，其结构就发生变化。所以，生地黄产地加工焙干时，温度不能太高，以免梓醇含量下降；熟地黄炮制过程中，时间不能太短，以免“火候”不到。     

不同温度对甜菜种子吸胀过程中线粒体CCO和MDH活性的影响

吸胀温度显著地影响甜菜种子的萌发速率。吸胀温度为３０℃和２０℃时,５０％萌发所需要的时间分别为３６ｈ和５６ｈ;在７℃中吸胀１２０ｈ,仍未见萌发。在种子吸胀过程中,粗线粒体蛋白的含量,细胞色素Ｃ氧化酶和苹果酸脱氢酶的活性增加,且它们在３０℃和２０℃中的活性较高,在７℃下较低。     

Foetal anasarca in Awassi sheep

Two anasarcous foetuses of Awassi sheep are described. The foetuses were removed from the dams by caesarean section because of dystocia due to failure of cervical dilation. Uterine incision was made in situ because uteri were so distended they could not be brought out from the site of incision. Large quantities of uterine fluids and abnormal thick placentas were found. One foetus weighed about 7 kg and the other 13 kg. The foetal heads were deformed: the upper jaw was prognathic and the left ear of the small foetus was cystic. Necropsy revealed subcutaneous musculature was soft and flabby and abdominal and thoracic cavities contained serosanguinous fluid. Histopathological examination revealed that only the larger foetus had focal aggregates of basophilic nucleated red blood cells and scattered megakaryocytes in the liver. We conclude that anasarca can occur in Awassi sheep, with and without associated extramedullary haematopoiesis.