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Rhoda Mae C. Simora Shangjia Li Nermeen Y. Abass Jeffery S. Terhune Rex A. Dunham 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(12):1553-1562
Cathelicidins are a class of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) known to possess rapid and direct antimicrobial activities against a variety of microorganisms. Recently identified cathelicidins derived from alligator and sea snake were found to be more effective in inhibiting microbial growth than other AMPs previously characterized. The ability of these two cathelicidins along with the peptides, cecropin and pleurocidin, to protect channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus, Rafinesque) and hybrid catfish (I. punctatus ♀ × blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus, Valenciennes ♂) against Edwardsiella ictaluri, one of the most prevalent pathogens affecting commercial catfish industry, was investigated. Cathelicidin-injected fish (50 µg ml−1 fish−1) that were simultaneously challenged with E. ictaluri through bath immersion at a concentration of ~1 × 106 CFU/ml had increased survival rates compared with other peptide treatments and the infected control. Bacterial numbers were also reduced in the liver and kidney of channel catfish and hybrid catfish in the cathelicidin treatments 24 hr post-infection. After 8 days of challenge, serum was collected to determine immune-related parameters such as bactericidal activity, lysozyme, serum protein, albumin and globulin. These immune-related parameters were significantly elevated in fish injected with the two cathelicidins as compared to other peptide treatments. These results indicate that cathelicidins derived from alligator and sea snake can stimulate immunity and enhance the resistance to E. ictaluri infection in channel catfish and hybrid catfish. 相似文献
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Gregory J. Fleming BBA DVM Nola V. Lester BVMS Rhoda Stevenson DVM Xeve S. Silver BS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(5):542-545
Hydrocephalus was diagnosed in a juvenile African Grey parrot by high-field strength (4.7-Tesla) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Excellent anatomic detail was achieved, and there was severe dilation of all ventricles. Relative obstruction was localized to the level of or beyond the outflow of the fourth ventricle. There have been several reports of hydrocephalus diagnosed postmortem in psittacines (i.e., hook-billed parrots), however, this is the first report of an antemortem diagnosis in a psittacine using high-field strength MRI. 相似文献
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E. Rhoda Baruch Frederika Quak 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1966,72(3-6):270-273
Some commercial varieties of Dutch (bulbous) iris such as ‘Wedgwood’ and ‘Imperator’ are wholly infected with a virus called latent mosaic virus in Israel or iris mosaic virus in the Netherlands. The aim of the investigation was to obtain virus-free plants of these varieties by culture of meristem tips excised from bulbs kept in their vegetative stage by storage at 25.5°C. Several media were used; those based on the medium ofMorel (personal communication) gave the best results. About 100 meristems were placed on each medium and on the best media about 30% started to grow. By transferring slowly growing meristems to the medium ofMurashige & Skoog (1962), growth improved greatly, though root formation remained poor. Twenty meristems developed into plants, of which ten were tested serologically. Eight plants of the variety ‘Wedgwood’ proved to be virus-free. 相似文献
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Albert Rovira Rhoda Ballinger Carles Ibáñez Paul Parker M. Dolores Dominguez Xavier Simon Andrzej Lewandowski Boris Hochfeld Marian Tudor Liesbeth Vernaeve 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(8):1493-1512
Purpose
We analysed the status of current water and sediment management practices in six deltas and estuaries, which were part of the European DELTANET, INTERREG-funded network.Materials and methods
These systems—the Danube, Ebro and Vistula deltas and the Elbe, Minho and Severn estuaries—represent different geographic regions of Europe. This enables comparison between the sites’ approaches to common coastal issues, notably those associated with sediment budgets, contamination and flood risk. Based on documentary analysis, workshop events and expert discussion, we employ a simple classification scheme to distinguish between levels of risk from these aspects.Results
We suggest that flood risk is the most significant risk, followed by upstream sediment retention and sediment aggradation. Chemical contamination, though less severe, is not unimportant. Key management issues include a lack of environmental quality standards for sediment and suspended particulate matter, as well as the limited deployment of monitoring programmes, regular sediment sampling and associated chemical analyses.Conclusions
These include both general and specific recommendations. Within these, the limited scope of integrated plans that aim for sustainability of the respective systems is highlighted. It is suggested that these do not challenge traditional, classical engineering approaches sufficiently. Nor do they address the origin of many environmental problems, especially those which are closely linked to short-term political and economic priorities. 相似文献6.
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Alison Gegios Rachel Amthor Busie Maziya-Dixon Chedozie Egesi Sally Mallowa Rhoda Nungo Simon Gichuki Ada Mbanaso Mark J. Manary 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(1):64-70
Cassava contains little zinc, iron, and β-carotene, yet it is the primary staple crop of over 250 million Africans. This study
used a 24-hour dietary recall to test the hypothesis that among healthy children aged 2–5 years in Nigeria and Kenya, cassava’s
contribution to the childrens’ daily diets is inversely related to intakes of zinc, iron, and vitamin A. Dietary and demographic
data and anthropometric measurements were collected from 449 Kenyan and 793 Nigerian children. Among Kenyan children 89% derived
at least 25% of their dietary energy from cassava, while among the Nigerian children 31% derived at least 25% of energy from
cassava. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between the fraction of dietary energy obtained from cassava and vitamin A intake
was r = −0.15, P < 0.0001, zinc intake was r = −0.11, P < 0.0001 and iron intake was r = −0.36, P < 0.0001. In Kenya, 59% of children consumed adequate vitamin A, 22% iron, and 31% zinc. In Nigeria, 17% of children had
adequate intake of vitamin A, 57% iron, and 41% zinc. Consumption of cassava is a risk factor for inadequate vitamin A, zinc
and/or iron intake. 相似文献
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