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Terauchi H Honda K Yamagishi N Kanematsu S Ishiguro K Hidaka S 《Phytopathology》2003,93(12):1560-1564
ABSTRACT It has been speculated that the N-terminal half of the readthrough domain (RTD) encoded by open reading frame 5 of Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV) is related to the vector specificity. To further investigate this hypothesis, transmissibility via aphids was tested on 17 SbDV isolates and comparisons of the deduced amino acid sequences of the coat protein (CP) and other proteins encoded by the RTD were made between these isolates. Isolates were distinguished into four strains: YS, causing yellowing in soybean and transmittable by Aulacorthum solani; DS, causing dwarfing and transmittable by A. solani; YP, causing yellowing and transmittable by Acyrthosiphon pisum; and DP, causing dwarfing and transmittable by A. pisum. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the trees for the CP and the C-terminal half of the RTD sequences contained clusters of isolates of the same symptom type, whereas the tree for the N-terminal half of the RTD contained clusters of isolates of the same aphid vector type. These results agreed with our previous data of the complete nucleotide sequences of four SbDV isolates, and strongly indicated a close relationship between the N-terminal half of the RTD amino acid sequences and aphid transmission specificity of SbDV. 相似文献
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Baytekin HT Patashinski AZ Branicki M Baytekin B Soh S Grzybowski BA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6040):308-312
When dielectric materials are brought into contact and then separated, they develop static electricity. For centuries, it has been assumed that such contact charging derives from the spatially homogeneous material properties (along the material's surface) and that within a given pair of materials, one charges uniformly positively and the other negatively. We demonstrate that this picture of contact charging is incorrect. Whereas each contact-electrified piece develops a net charge of either positive or negative polarity, each surface supports a random "mosaic" of oppositely charged regions of nanoscopic dimensions. These mosaics of surface charge have the same topological characteristics for different types of electrified dielectrics and accommodate significantly more charge per unit area than previously thought. 相似文献
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Hyun Cheol Soh Ae Ran Park Sangkyu Park Kyoungwhan Back Jae Bok Yoon Hyo Guen Park Young Soon Kim 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,132(1):37-48
To elucidate the functional roles of PR10 genes from two pepper species during plant-pathogen interactions, PR10 genes were isolated from fungal-resistant (Capsicum baccatum var. PBC80) and fungal-susceptible (C. annuum var. Yeoju) pepper fruits infected with anthracnose fungus (Colletotrichum acutatum). Despite strong nucleotide sequence identity, there were significant differences in the patterns of gene expression and
protein accumulation between the genes from the two host species. Induced expression of the PR10 mRNA in PBC80 (bacPR10) was highly maintained from 24 h after infection (HAI) rather than that in Yeoju (annPR10). These mRNA expression patterns were correlated with the level of respective protein that was detected as two or three
bands in each species. Substantial induction of bacPR10 proteins was confirmed by 2D-gel analysis followed by immunoblotting. Immunolocalization study showed that deposition
of bacPR10 was exclusively observed in the pericarp of PBC80 fruits after fungal infection, suggesting functional significance
in defence. Additionally, in vitro analysis of the enzymatic properties of PR10 proteins revealed that recombinant bacPR10 had higher ribonucleolytic activity
and exhibited less sensitivity to proteinase treatment than did annPR10. Taken together, these results support the idea that
relative abundance and prolonged longevity of bacPR10 in PBC80 fruits may contribute to their increased resistance in response
to the anthracnose fungus, as compared with Yeoju fruit. 相似文献
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Ho Seop Yoon Chul Won Park Ho Young Soh Il Woong Park & Sang Duk Choi 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(2):242-245
The present study was designed to determine the positive effects of artificial illumination on the juvenile black seabream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli , by comparing stomach contents and growth between juveniles exposed to light and those maintained in the absence of light. The major prey items for juvenile black seabream reared in illuminated cages were amphipods (IRI%=50.5), copepods (IRI%=44.7) and polychaetes (IRI%=3.0), whereas those for the juveniles maintained in unilluminated cages were copepods (IRI%=96.0), amphipods (IRI%=3.4) and polychaetes (IRI%=0.6). The specific growth rates (SGR) of the juveniles reared in illuminated cages (0.99%) were significantly higher than those of the juveniles maintained in unilluminated cages (0.78%). 相似文献
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Kap Seung Yang Young Ok Choi Yong Min Kim Sang Hee Park Cheol Min Yang Yong Joong Kim Soon Young Soh 《Fibers and Polymers》2000,1(2):97-102
Pitch precursors were synthesized from coal tar(CT) and pyrolysis fuel oil(PFO, petroleum residue oil) at relatively low temperature
of 250°C, in the presence of borontrifluoride/diethyletherate complex(BFDE) as a catalyst and nitrobenzene(NB) as a co-catalyst.
The softening point, nitrogen content and carbon yield increased with an increase of concentration of NB. The pitch precursors
with good spinnability were prepared by removing the volatile components through N2 blowing. The precursor pitches were spun through a circular nozzle, stabilized at 310°C and finally carbonized at 1000°C.
The optically anisotropic structure formed at the absence of NB was changed into isotropic structure, showing a decrease in
size of the flow domain. The hollow carbon fiber could be prepared in the process of stabilization. The results proposed that
the morphology of carbon materials could be controlled by changing the concentration of catalyst and/or co-catalyst and/or
stabilization condition that affect on the mobility of molecules during carbonization. 相似文献
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Xu G Broholm C Soh YA Aeppli G Ditusa JF Chen Y Kenzelmann M Frost CD Ito T Oka K Takagi H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5841):1049-1052
Mesoscopic quantum phase coherence is important because it improves the prospects for handling quantum degrees of freedom in technology. Here we show that the development of such coherence can be monitored using magnetic neutron scattering from a one-dimensional spin chain of an oxide of nickel (Y2BaNiO5), a quantum spin fluid in which no classical static magnetic order is present. In the cleanest samples, the quantum coherence length is 20 nanometers, which is almost an order of magnitude larger than the classical antiferromagnetic correlation length of 3 nanometers. We also demonstrate that the coherence length can be modified by static and thermally activated defects in a quantitatively predictable manner. 相似文献