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排序方式: 共有321条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
K. Ura S. Mizuno T. Okubo Y. Chida N. Misaka S. Adachi K. Yamauchi 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1997,17(1-6):397-403
Changes in immunoreactivity of Na+/K+-ATPase -subunit in gill sections of wild masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) during the parr-smolt transformation (smoltification) were compared with changes in gill Na+/K+-ATPase specific activity. Gill Na+/K+-ATPase specific activity increased from April and peaked in May. Immunohistochemical analysis, using an antiserum against a synthetic oligopeptide based on the conserved region of the Na+/K+-ATPase -subunit, revealed that immunoreactivity was confined to chloride cells in the surface layer of primary lamellae and the proximal end of secondary lamellae. The size and number of these cells increased gradually from February to May; however, the number of chloride cells of the secondary lamellae decreased in May. These data suggest that the synthesis of Na+/K+-ATPase and the proliferation of chloride cells occur prior to the elevation of enzyme activity. Moreover, it is likely the proliferation and hypertrophy of chloride cells on primary lamellae prepare smolts for entry into seawater and migration in the ocean. 相似文献
2.
Evaluation of Cold Tolerance in NERICAs Compared with Japanese Standard Rice Varieties at the Reproductive Stage
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C. M. Wainaina Y. Inukai P. W. Masinde E. M. Ateka H. Murage M. Kano‐Nakata Y. Nakajima T. Terashima Y. Mizukami M. Nakamura T. Nonoyama N. Saka S. Asanuma A. Yamauchi H. Kitano J. Kimani D. Makihara 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(6):461-472
New Rice for Africa (NERICA) is a general name for interspecific rice varieties derived from a cross between the high‐yielding Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) between locally adapted African rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.). Eight NERICAs were evaluated for cold tolerance (CT) at the reproductive stage and compared with their O. sativa parents and three Japanese standard rice varieties over 3 years. Cold tolerance was evaluated based on the filled grain ratio (FGR) after cold water irrigation. The FGR was greatly reduced by cold water irrigation. NERICA 1, 2 and 7 had higher FGR (51.9–57.9 %), while NERICA 6, 15 and 16 had lower FGR (6.2–14.5 %). NERICA 1, 2 and 7 were less affected by cold stress, with a 31 % mean reduction in FGR, while NERICA 6, 15 and 16 were greatly affected, with their FGRs being reduced by more than 80 %. NERICA 3 and 4 were moderately affected by cold stress, with about 45 % reduction rate in FGR. FGR significantly influenced the grain weights of the varieties with strong positive correlations (r = 0.83–0.91; P < 0.001), and thus, similar trends in grain weights were observed. Grain weights were reduced by 61.7–96.4 % under cold stress. NERICA 1, 2 and 7 showed significantly better performance than NERICA 3 and 4, while NERICA 6, 15 and 16 performed poorly under cold water irrigation. The Japanese varieties Koshihikari (very tolerant) and Ozora (moderately tolerant) were more affected by cold water irrigation than NERICA 1, 2 and 7. On the basis of the mean reduction rate (%) in FGR under cold stress, the varieties were classified as follows: NERICA 1, 2 and 7 as tolerant; NERICA 3 and 4 as moderately tolerant; and NERICA 6, 15 and 16 as susceptible to cold stress. However, NERICA 7 grain yields were lower under cold stress due to both greatly reduced number of panicles per plant and number of spikelets per panicle. Therefore, NERICA 1 and 2 are suitable candidates for production in the highland regions of East Africa and should be promoted for production. 相似文献
3.
Mizuki MAEDA Toshifumi YOKOYAMA Sayaka KITAUCHI Tetsushi HIRANO Youhei MANTANI Yoshiaki TABUCHI Nobuhiko HOSHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(2):344
Fipronil (FPN) is a systemic insecticide that antagonizes the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors in insects. Recently, adverse effects of FPN on mammals have been reported, but most of those were caused by high doses of FPN and additives in the products. We investigated the effects of low-dose pure FPN on the emotional behavior of mice. Nine-week-old male mice conducted behavioral tests 24 hr after FPN administration by gavage at doses of 0.05 or 5 mg/kg based on the no-observed-effect level (NOEL), showed a significant increase in locomotor activity and dose-dependent responses on the time they spent in the central zone in the open field test. Pure FPN below the NOEL dose may affect the emotional behavior of mice. 相似文献
4.
5.
Utilization of digital differential display to identify differentially expressed genes related to rumen development
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Daichi Kato Yutaka Suzuki Satoshi Haga KyoungHa So Eri Yamauchi Miwa Nakano Hiroshi Ishizaki Kichoon Choi Kazuo Katoh Sang‐Gun Roh 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(4):584-590
This study aimed to identify the genes associated with the development of the rumen epithelium by screening for candidate genes by digital differential display (DDD) in silico. Using DDD in NCBI's UniGene database, expressed sequence tag (EST)‐based gene expression profiles were analyzed in rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum and other tissues in cattle. One hundred and ten candidate genes with high expression in the rumen were derived from a library of all tissues. The expression levels of 11 genes in all candidate genes were analyzed in the rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum of nine Japanese Black male calves (5‐week‐old pre‐weaning: n = 3; 15‐week‐old weaned calves: n = 6). Among the 11 genes, only 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2), aldo‐keto reductase family 1, member C1‐like (AKR1C1), and fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) showed significant changes in the levels of gene expression in the rumen between the pre‐ and post‐weaning of calves. These results indicate that DDD analysis in silico can be useful for screening candidate genes related to rumen development, and that the changes in expression levels of three genes in the rumen may have been caused by weaning, aging or both. © 2015 Japanese Society of Animal Science 相似文献
6.
Expression dynamics of bovine MX genes in the endometrium and placenta during
early to mid pregnancy
Takahiro SHIROZU Keisuke SASAKI Manabu KAWAHARA Yojiro YANAGAWA Masashi NAGANO Nobuhiko YAMAUCHI Masashi TAKAHASHI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2016,62(1):29-35
MX belongs to a family of type I interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes, and the MX protein has
antiviral activity. MX has at least two isoforms, known as MX1 and
MX2, in mammals. Moreover, bovine MX1 has been found to have alternative
splice variants—namely, MX1-a and MX1B. In ruminants, IFN-τ—a type I IFN—is
temporarily produced from the conceptus before implantation and induces MX expression in the
endometrium. However, the expression dynamics of MX after implantation are not clear. In the
present study, we investigated the expression of MX1-a, MX1B and
MX2 in the endometrium and placenta before and after implantation along with the expression
of IFN-α, type I receptors (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2) and
interferon regulatory factors (IRF3 and IRF9). Pregnant uterine samples were
divided into five groups according to pregnancy days 14–18, 25–40, 50–70, 80–100, and 130–150. Tissue samples
were collected from the intercaruncular endometrium (IC), caruncular endometrium (C) and fetal placenta (P).
Although all the MX expressions were significantly higher in the IC and C at days 14–18,
presumably caused by embryo-secreted IFN-τ stimulation, their expressions were also detectable in the IC, C
and P after implantation. Furthermore, IFN-α expression was significantly higher in the IC.
RT-PCR indicated IFNAR1, IFNAR2, IRF3 and
IRF9 mRNA in all the tissues during pregnancy. These results suggest that all the
MX genes are affected by the type I IFN pathway during pregnancy and are involved in an
immune response to protect the mother and fetus. 相似文献
7.
Onishi S Miyata H Inamoto T Qi WM Yamamoto K Yokoyama T Warita K Hoshi N Kitagawa H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(11):1123-1129
It is well known that some caspases in apoptosis is involved in determinant of terminal differentiation and maturation of various cells. Our previous study ultrastructurally clarified the differentiation into M cells from immature microvillous epithelial cells and the redifferentiation from M cells to microvillous epithelial cells in the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) of rat Peyer's patch. In this study, the difference of epithelial apoptosis between the FAE of Peyer's patch and intestinal villi was immunohistochemically investigated in rat jejunoileum. As a result, cleaved caspase-3 was limited to several epithelial cells at the tip of FAE, whereas almost all of the epithelial cells were cleaved caspase-3 positive in intestinal villi. Cleaved caspase-9 was detected only in a few exfoliating or exfoliated epithelial cells of both FAE and intestinal villi. Nuclear DNA-fragmentation was detected only in several epithelial cells of the tip of FAE, while it was expressed from the middle regions in the intestinal villi. The DNase I expression of the epithelial cytoplasm was much weaker in FAE than in intestinal villi. Bcl-x expression was restricted in the apical cytoplasms of epithelial cells in the FAE, whereas it was restricted in whole cytoplasms in villous epithelial cells. These findings suggest that the progression of the apoptotic process in the epithelial cells of FAE is later than in the intestinal villi, so that the possibility of epithelial differentiation might be remained in the FAE, unlike in the intestinal villi. 相似文献
8.
Kakizaki T Hamada N Sakashita T Wada S Hara T Funayama T Hohdatsu T Natsuhori M Sano T Kobayashi Y Ito N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(6):605-609
An analysis of ionizing radiation-induced damage in peripheral lymphocytes has been employed to predict the prognosis of radiotherapy in terms of toxicity in normal tissues. Therefore, understanding the sensitivity of lymphocytes to high linear energy transfer (LET)-charged particles would be indispensable for utilizing charged particle therapy in veterinary medicine. However, the availability of such information is very limited. This study aimed to compare the radiosensitivity of feline T lymphocytes to gamma-rays (0.2 keV/microm) and 4 different types of charged particles with LET values ranging from 2.8 to 114 keV/microm. It was observed that the relative biological effectiveness, inactivation cross-section, and isodose-induced apoptosis increased in an LET-dependent manner. On the other hand, no difference in apoptosis frequency was observed in the cells exposed to an isosurvival dose of all the radiation types tested. This is the first study that demonstrates the LET dependence of cell killing and apoptosis induction in feline T lymphocytes. Our results suggest that lymphocytes can be effectively used to predict the prognosis of charged-particle therapy in cat patients. 相似文献
9.
10.
This study was performed to obtain information on the occurrence of multiple paternities in three species of viviparous Japanese
surfperch using allelic markers of microsatellite DNA loci. Direct evidence for multiple fertilizations was established by
reconstructing paternal genotypes from the progeny of gravid females. Multiple paternities were ascertained in five of 10
broods of Ditrema temmincki and in three of nine broods of Neoditrema ransonneti, but not in Ditrema viride. The number of patrilines detected in the progeny of D. temmincki and N. ransonneti females were two or three, respectively, as determined by the GERUD v2.0 algorithm for reconstructing parental genotypes
from half-sib progeny arrays. 相似文献