Dimensional analysis of milk fat globules in sow milk: effects of the lactation stage and fat content and comparison with vaccine milk

To assess the differences in the granulometry of milk fat globules between swine and bovine species, milk samples from 30 lactating sows were analyzed for fat globule dimensions and compared with cow milk samples. Results showed differences between the fat globules: sow milk presents reduced globule diameters compared with cow milk (volume-weighted diameter 2.62 vs. 3.27 µm, p < 0.001) and reduced interglobular distance. A positive relationship was observed between milk fat content and globule diameter, while a slight, insignificant inverse trend was detected between the day of lactation and fat globule diameter. These complex interactions between milk lipids, globule membrane proteins, and globule dimensions provide a better understanding of digestion/absorption phenomena in the design of milk replacers.