中国姜瘟病的研究进展

姜瘟病是中国生姜生产上发生较为普遍的病害,是由青枯劳尔氏菌(Ralstoniasolanacearum)引起的。此病原菌寄主范围广,可侵染44个科300多种植物。菌体短杆状,在TZC选择性培养基上培养出现白边较宽和白边较窄的两种菌落。菌系划分为5个生理小种和5个生化型,中国的姜瘟菌主要属生理小种1号,生物型属II、III、IV。此病害是一种较难防治的土传病害,在高温、高湿、雨水多、氮肥过量的情况下发生较为严重。中国植病工作者对此病害作了大量的研究工作,对中国姜瘟病的病原菌、发病规律、及防治等研究进展作一综述。     

饲料中钙含量测定3种方法的比较

本试验是对测定饲料中钙含量的3种方法，即双波长吸光光度法、MSA—DBM显色法和高锰酸钾法的比较试验。综合本实验结果，建议饲料生产中采用MSA—DBM显色法，可以简便快速的得到可靠结果。     

乳酸菌与中药合生元对肉鸡生长性能及饲料利用率的影响

本试验分别向肉仔鸡日粮中添加等量的抗生素和乳酸菌与中药合生元制剂,通过测定肉仔鸡的各项生长指标和饲料利用率指标,探讨乳酸菌与中药合生元在肉鸡生长和饲料利用率方面替代抗生素的优势.结果表明,试验组与对照组在生长性能和饲料利用率上各指标均差异不显著（P〉0.05）,说明乳酸菌与中药合生元可以替代抗生素饲喂给肉仔鸡.     

Arbovirus isolations from mosquitoes in South Slovakia.

In the years 1973 and 1975 mosquitoes and some other Diptera (Tabanidae, Simuliidae, Hippoboscidae) were tested for virus. 13,924 mosquitoes, 75 horseflies and 60 blackflies were processed in 1973. Five strains of Tahyna virus were isolated from mosquito species Aedes vexans. 3,378 mosquitoes and 12 sheep keds were tested for virus in 1975. Twelve strains of Calovo virus were isolated from Anopheles maculipennis and one strain of Tahyna virus was obtained from Aedes vexans mosquitoes.     

浅谈HACCP在机制针形名茶中的应用

对HACCP作简要介绍，根据HACCP体系的要求，分析了机制针形名茶过程中各个环节可能出现的危害因素，用HACCP的原理确立了关键控制点，并且建立了相应的控制措施。     

and laminin on adhesion and proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell

AIM:To explore the effects of PMA(phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, a tumor promoter, mimicking the action of diacylglycerol on PKC)and laminin on the adhesion and the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and provide a new clue to liver cancer treatment.METHODS:Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line(BEL-7402)was used to identify the endogenous laminin and protein kinase C-α(PKC-α) expression, and the effects of laminin and PMA on the adhesion and the proliferation were also investigatedin vitro.RESULTS:By the effect of exogenous laminin, human hepatocellular carcinoma cell (BEL-7402) possessed endogenous laminin expression and increased the adhesion and the proliferation, which was showed the synergistic action by the effect of PMA in combination. By the action of PMA alone, the proliferation and the PKC-α expression increased by exogenous laminin were decreased, and the adhesion and the endogenous laminin expression were increased.CONCLUSIONS:The finding suggested that the adhesion and the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell were closely related to the effects of endogenous or exogenous laminin, which were associated with cPKC-α activity. Therefore, the application of anti-laminin antibody in combination with PKC antagonist might be a new clue to find out the therapy for liver cancer.     

奶牛"两病"的监测与思考

奶牛“两病”是指奶牛的结核病和布鲁氏菌病，是世界动物卫生组织(OIE)规定强制报告的两种疫病，二病都属人畜共患病。人的牛型结核感染主要是通过饮用生奶引起，尤其是儿童常因喝生牛奶被感染而患肠结核杆菌病；饮用生奶或制品也易感染布鲁氏菌病。奶牛“两病”严重威胁着人民的身体健     

微白黄链霉菌对红豆草壳二孢的拮抗效果评价

红豆草壳二孢叶斑黑茎病(Ascochyta onobrychidis)是红豆草(Onobrychis viciaefolia)最重要的病害之一,在分离此病菌的同时得到一种对此病菌具有较强抑制作用的微生物,为评价此拮抗菌的开发利用前景,本研究采用形态学、分子生物学和生物化学方法鉴定了其分类地位,并测定了其对红豆草壳二孢的抑菌效果。通过构建系统发育树并结合其形态特征和生理生化特性,将该拮抗菌鉴定为微白黄链霉菌(Streptomyces albidoflavu),在高氏一号培养基上菌落为黄白色,可产生黄白色水溶性色素,孢子丝钩状,顶端螺旋形;在平板对峙试验中该菌的菌落对红豆草壳二孢菌落的相对抑制率达74.33%,同时该菌发酵液对红豆草壳二孢菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制率分别为80.95%和93.87%。该菌具有生物防治红豆草壳二孢的开发和利用价值。     

丹红杨等4个黑杨无性系在湖区外滩引种试验

选择近年来引进的洞庭湖区造林的丹红杨、巨霸杨、南林-95杨、南林-895杨,于2004年春在西洞庭目平湖外滩进行对比造林试验,经4年观测,其造林保存率均低于78％。丹红杨、巨霸杨胸径生长量较大;巨霸杨、丹红杨、南林-895杨的材积生长量较南林-95杨增产15．9％～25．6％。各项生长量指标在4个无性系之间均无显著差异。     

Isolation and Characterization of Efficient Active Compounds Using High-Performance Centrifugal Partition Chromatography (CPC) from Anti-Inflammatory Activity Fraction of Ecklonia maxima in South Africa

Ecklonia maxima is a brown seaweed, which is abundantly distributed in South Africa. This study investigated an efficient approach using high-performance centrifugal partition chromatography (HPCPC), which has been successfully developed for the isolation and purification of phlorotannins, eckmaxol, and dieckol from the ethyl acetate fraction of E. maxima (EEM). We evaluated EEM for its inhibitory effect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in zebrafish embryos. The separation of eckmaxol and dieckol from samples of EEM using HPCPC was found to be of high purity and yield under an optimal solvent system composed of n-hexane:ethyl acetate:methanol:water (2:7:3:7, v/v/v/v). To evaluate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of EEM containing active compounds, zebrafish embryos exposed to LPS were compared with and without EEM treatment for nitric oxide (NO) production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cell death two days after fertilization. These evaluations indicate that EEM alleviated inflammation by inhibiting cell death, ROS, and NO generation induced by LPS treatment. According to these results, eckmaxol and dieckol isolated from brown seaweed E. maxima could be considered effective anti-inflammatory agents as pharmaceutical and functional food ingredients.