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排序方式: 共有43条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
A. M. PIRES M. F. MAGALHÃES L. MOREIRA DA COSTA M. J. ALVES & M. M. COELHO 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2008,15(1):49-58
Abstract The effects of an extreme flash flood on the native fish assemblages across a Mediterranean catchment in Southwest Portugal were investigated. The fish community structure and habitat were surveyed at 10 sites pre- and post-flood. Overall species richness and rank abundances changed little after the flood, despite there being a consistent decline in the abundance of small cyprinids. Pre- and post-flood habitat correlates of abundance changed for at least some species, and variability in assemblage structure was associated with flood, depth and pH. These results indicate that extreme floods occurring early in the wet season may have little disruptive effects on the overall structure of native fish assemblages in Mediterranean streams, although may at least partially influence population dynamics for some species. Habitat quality and complexity are likely to play a role in mediating species responses to flooding. 相似文献
2.
RR Moura ES Lopes‐Junior DIA Teixeira IA Serova LE Andreeva LM Melo VJF Freitas 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(5):e101-e106
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of donor breed on pronuclear‐stage embryo yield to be used for DNA microinjection in a transgenesis goat program. Twelve Canindé and twelve Saanen goats were heat synchronized using a progestagen‐cloprostenol treatment. Forty‐eight hours before the sponge removal, superovulation was induced with a total administration of 4.4 mg/kg bodyweight NIH‐FSH‐P1, given twice daily in decreasing doses over 3 days. In addition, goats received 100 μg of GnRH and they were hand‐mated at 36 and 48 h after progestagen removal. Embryo recovery was performed by oviduct flushing at 72 h after sponge removal. Embryos were microinjected with a DNA construct and noticeable swelling of the nuclei was the criterion for successful microinjection. The total diameter, cytoplasm diameter, zona pellucida thickness and pronuclei diameter were measured for each microinjected embryo. A higher (p < 0.05) percentage of fertilized ova was observed in Canindé (89.9%) than Saanen (36.2%) goats. In addition, Canindé donors produced a higher percentage of pronuclear embryos when compared with Saanen: 72.5% vs 20.6% (p < 0.05), respectively. Successful microinjection was verified in 96.7% and 73.3% of times in Canindé and Saanen embryos, respectively (p < 0.05). Significant differences were observed for all morphometric parameters except for cytoplasm diameter. In conclusion, under our study experimental conditions, Canindé were more efficient than Saanen goats concerning the pronuclear embryo yield and manipulation. The use of Canindé goats in transgenesis programs could be increase the interest in their breeding and could be contribute to saving them from extinction. 相似文献
3.
Twenty-six first season calves were allocated into four groups which were turned out on May 21 to graze separate permanent pastures. One group (group A) remained untreated. The others were treated each month with albendazole either as an oral drench (group B) through supplementary feed (group C) or through the drinking water (group D). Neither clinical disease nor weight gain depressions were observed in any group. Although the infection levels were low, the faecal excretion of trichostrongylus eggs, the serum pepsinogen activities and the pasture larval contamination all indicated a marked reduction in the levels of infection of groups B, C and D. The serum pepsinogen activities of groups B and C were similar and remained below 1 unit of tyrosine/litre of serum whereas that of group D was intermediate between these two groups and group A. The labour saving principle which was applied to group C is recommended under conditions similar to those of the present experiment. 相似文献
4.
Unconditional quantum teleportation 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
A Furusawa JL Sorensen SL Braunstein CA Fuchs HJ Kimble ES Polzik 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,282(5389):706-709
Quantum teleportation of optical coherent states was demonstrated experimentally using squeezed-state entanglement. The quantum nature of the achieved teleportation was verified by the experimentally determined fidelity Fexp = 0.58 +/- 0.02, which describes the match between input and output states. A fidelity greater than 0.5 is not possible for coherent states without the use of entanglement. This is the first realization of unconditional quantum teleportation where every state entering the device is actually teleported. 相似文献
5.
OLIVER M. CROWE BVSc Cert ES RICHARD J. HEPBURN BVSc Cert EM Diplomate ACVIM SVEND E. KOLD DVM PhD ROGER K. SMITH MA Vet MB PhD DEO Diplomate ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(1):107-114
Objective— To report long-term outcome after arthroscopic removal of fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx in horses.
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Adult horses (n=13).
Methods— Medical records (2003–2004) of horses that had arthroscopic debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx were reviewed. Inclusion criteria included: lameness localized to the foot, fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx debrided arthroscopically, and a follow-up period of ≥4 years.
Results— Of the 13 horses, lameness was resolved in 11 (85%) initially but distal interphalangeal joint pain recurred in 2 (15%) within 1 year of surgery. Three (23%) other horses were retired because of lameness at other sites during the follow-up period resulting in 46% (6/13) being not lame and in full work after 4 years. Substantial changes were identified at surgery in the contralateral joint of 7 horses, even when fragments were only present unilaterally.
Conclusions— Arthroscopic debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the forelimb distal phalanx has a good short-term prognosis for resolution of lameness and return to work but a more guarded prognosis for long-term soundness.
Clinical Relevance— These results allow for more accurate prognostication preoperatively and may support early debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx. 相似文献
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Adult horses (n=13).
Methods— Medical records (2003–2004) of horses that had arthroscopic debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx were reviewed. Inclusion criteria included: lameness localized to the foot, fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx debrided arthroscopically, and a follow-up period of ≥4 years.
Results— Of the 13 horses, lameness was resolved in 11 (85%) initially but distal interphalangeal joint pain recurred in 2 (15%) within 1 year of surgery. Three (23%) other horses were retired because of lameness at other sites during the follow-up period resulting in 46% (6/13) being not lame and in full work after 4 years. Substantial changes were identified at surgery in the contralateral joint of 7 horses, even when fragments were only present unilaterally.
Conclusions— Arthroscopic debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the forelimb distal phalanx has a good short-term prognosis for resolution of lameness and return to work but a more guarded prognosis for long-term soundness.
Clinical Relevance— These results allow for more accurate prognostication preoperatively and may support early debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx. 相似文献
6.
Moxidectin, a newly developed endectocide, has previously been demonstrated to have a high efficacy against gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle (Ranjan et al. 1992, Scholl et al. 1992). In a field trial (Yang, Satrija and Nansen, unpublished data) matched groups of 8 first-season Black Pied Friesian heifer calves, 6-8 months of age, were turned out in early May 1992 on a permanent pasture contaminated with trichostrongyles. The groups were grazed separately on comparable plots until they were housed in mid October 1992. Group Β was treated with moxidectin at turnout, and group C was treated at turnout and again 8 weeks after turnout. A third group served as non-treated controls (group A). The results showed that the 2 early season prophylactic treatments (group C) reduced the late season herbage trichostrongyle larval infectivity with 80 to 90%, whereas the reduction accomplished by only 1 treatment at turnout (group B) was much less. Group C excreted significantly lower numbers of strongyle eggs than groups A and B. The non-treated controls showed clinical signs of trichostrongylosis in late September, which coincided with a steep rise in serum pepsinogen levels reaching an average peak level of 3.5 IU tyrosine litre-1. A few animals in group Β showed softening of faeces particularly in the very late season. In contrast, animals receiving 2 moxidectin treatments remained in a clinically good condition throughout the season. 相似文献
7.
Cássia M Molinaro Coelho Juan C Duque Moreno Daniel da S Goulart Leandro B Caetano Lorena K Soares Gustavo H Coutinho Geraldo ES Alves Luiz Antonio F da Silva 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2014,41(6):602-612
ObjectivesTo evaluate the cardiorespiratory and biochemical effects of ketamine-propofol (KP) or guaifenesin-ketamine-xylazine (GKX) anesthesia in donkeys.Study designProspective crossover trial.AnimalsEight healthy, standard donkeys, aged 10 ± 5 years and weighing 153 ± 23 kg.MethodsDonkeys were premedicated with 1.0 mg kg?1 of xylazine (IV) in both treatments. Eight donkeys were administered ketamine (1.5 mg kg?1) and propofol (0.5 mg kg?1) for induction, and anesthesia was maintained by constant rate infusion (CRI) of ketamine (0.05 mg kg?1 minute?1) and propofol (0.15 mg kg?1 minute?1) in the KP treatment. After 10 days, diazepam (0.05 mg kg?1) and ketamine (2.2 mg kg?1) were administered for induction, and anesthesia was maintained by a CRI (2.0 mL kg?1 hour?1) of ketamine (2.0 mg mL?1), xylazine (0.5 mg mL?1) and guaifenesin (50 mg mL?1) solution. Quality of anesthesia was assessed along with cardiorespiratory and biochemical measurements.ResultsAnesthetic induction took longer in GKX than in KP. The induction was considered good in 7/8 with KP and in 6/8 in GKX. Anesthetic recovery was classified as good in 7/8 animals in both treatments. Xylazine administration decreased heart rate (HR) in both treatments, but in KP the HR increased and was higher than GKX throughout the anesthetic period. Respiratory rate was higher in GKX than in KP. PaO2 decreased significantly in both groups during the anesthetic period. Glucose concentrations [GLU] increased and rectal temperature and PCV decreased in both treatments. Arterial lactate [LAC] increased at recovery compared with all time points in KP. [GLU] and calcium were higher in GKX than in KP at recovery.Conclusion and clinical relevanceThese protocols induced significant hypoxemia but no other cardiorespiratory or metabolic changes. These protocols could be used to maintain anesthesia in donkeys, however, they were not tested in animals undergoing surgery. 相似文献
8.
JUSTIN D. PERKINS BVetMed MS Cert ES Diplomate ECVS ZOË WINDLEY BVetMed PADRAIC M. DIXON MVB PhD MATTHEW SMITH BVetMed Cert ES Diplomate ECVS SAFIA Z. BARAKZAI BVM&S MSc DESTS Diplomate ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(5):613-619
Objective— To evaluate the use of sinoscopy for detection and treatment of ventral conchal sinus (VCS) and/or rostral maxillary sinus (RMS) disease in horses.
Study Design— Case series
Animals— Horses (n=60) with suspected paranasal sinus disease.
Methods— Horses were evaluated by sinoscopy through a conchofrontal sinus (CFS) portal with ventral conchal bulla (VCB) fenestration. Other endoscopic sinus approaches and adjunctive diagnostic tests; oral examination, computed tomography, radiography, scintigraphy and endoscopic examination of the upper portion of the respiratory tract were used in some horses.
Results— The CFS approach permitted adequate observation of the RMS and VCS in 53 horses (88%). Hemorrhage caused by VCB fenestration prevented examination of the RMS and/or VCS in 12 horses (21%). Observation of lesions was possible in all horses diagnosed with neoplasia, sinus cysts, and progressive ethmoidal hematomas. Endoscopy of the paranasal sinuses was useful diagnostically in 82% of horses with primary sinusitis. Other diagnostic modalities were usually required to confirm a diagnosis of dental sinusitis.
Conclusions— Trephination into the CFS with VCB fenestration is a minimally invasive technique that provides consistent access to the RMS and VCS. It facilitates diagnosis of many sinus disorders and endoscopically guided treatment of many horses with sinus cysts and primary sinusitis, in combination with sinus lavage.
Clinical Relevance— Many diseases affecting the RMS and VCS can be diagnosed and resolved endoscopically using a CFS approach with VCB fenestration, thus avoiding the need for osteoplastic sinus surgery and its associated risks and complications. 相似文献
Study Design— Case series
Animals— Horses (n=60) with suspected paranasal sinus disease.
Methods— Horses were evaluated by sinoscopy through a conchofrontal sinus (CFS) portal with ventral conchal bulla (VCB) fenestration. Other endoscopic sinus approaches and adjunctive diagnostic tests; oral examination, computed tomography, radiography, scintigraphy and endoscopic examination of the upper portion of the respiratory tract were used in some horses.
Results— The CFS approach permitted adequate observation of the RMS and VCS in 53 horses (88%). Hemorrhage caused by VCB fenestration prevented examination of the RMS and/or VCS in 12 horses (21%). Observation of lesions was possible in all horses diagnosed with neoplasia, sinus cysts, and progressive ethmoidal hematomas. Endoscopy of the paranasal sinuses was useful diagnostically in 82% of horses with primary sinusitis. Other diagnostic modalities were usually required to confirm a diagnosis of dental sinusitis.
Conclusions— Trephination into the CFS with VCB fenestration is a minimally invasive technique that provides consistent access to the RMS and VCS. It facilitates diagnosis of many sinus disorders and endoscopically guided treatment of many horses with sinus cysts and primary sinusitis, in combination with sinus lavage.
Clinical Relevance— Many diseases affecting the RMS and VCS can be diagnosed and resolved endoscopically using a CFS approach with VCB fenestration, thus avoiding the need for osteoplastic sinus surgery and its associated risks and complications. 相似文献
9.
10.
Katherine ES Lindhe Danny S Meldgaard Per M Jensen Geoffrey A Houser Mette Berendt 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2009,51(1):56