甜菜BvGSTU9基因的生物信息学及在镉胁迫下的表达分析

为了进一步研究甜菜谷胱甘肽转移酶BvGSTU9 (LOC104894060)在重金属胁迫过程中的功能。本研究以‘780016B/12优’为实验材料,对该基因序列特征、结构、功能进行预测分析,并利用qPCR检测该基因在不同浓度镉胁迫下的表达量变化。结果显示甜菜BvGSTU9基因全长925 bp,开放阅读框675 bp,编码了由224个氨基酸组成的不稳定膜外蛋白。BvGSTU9与菠菜、藜麦的氨基酸序列相似性较高,与系统发育进化树分析结果基本相符。二级和三级结构预测表明该基因主要由α-螺旋、β-折叠、延伸链及无规则卷曲组成。qPCR显示BvGSTU9基因在不同浓度的镉胁迫下均受到不同程度的诱导,因此可以推断甜菜BvGSTU9基因无论从结构还是功能上,与镉逆境胁迫存在着一定的应答关系。研究结果也为甜菜耐重金属镉机制研究提供参考依据。     

水杨酸对桃树花期抗寒性的影响

在华北和东北地区桃树花期低温(0℃左右)引起坐果率严重下降的现象时有发生。以管理手段延迟花期成本较高。水杨酸(SA)能诱导抗氰呼吸，有产热效应。本试验对施用外源SA降低桃树花期低温伤害的效应进行了研究，期望为桃树花期提供低成本的抗寒手段。     

关中驴对6株动物病毒抗原的免疫应答试验

以关中驴为试验动物 ,用猪瘟病毒(HCV )、犬细小病毒 (CPV )、兔瘟病毒(RHDV)、鸡新城疫病毒 (NDV)、伪狂犬病毒(PRV)等病毒进行免疫 ,检测所产生的抗体效价 ,并与猪、鸡、兔、犬、及猫等动物进行比较。试验结果表明 ,关中驴与对照动物产生的抗体效价一致 ,证明了关中驴可替代其它动物用于生物制品研究     

Releases in israel ofAphelinus perpallidus,a recently introduced parasite of the pecan blackmargined aphid,Monellia caryella

Six shipments totaling 3452 mummies of the blackmargined aphid,Monellia caryella (Fitch), parasitized withAphelinus perpallidus Gahan, were obtained by air freight during the years 1982-1985 from Texas A&M Research Center, El Paso, Texas. About two-thirds of the mummies did not yield parasites. A colony ofA. perpallidus was established in the laboratory. Under laboratory conditions the percentage of emerged parasites was higher than that in the imported mummies, and the parasite had very limited impact on the aphid population. Field releases of the parasite were made but no establishment ofA. perpallidus was observed through the years.     

Gene Flow Analysis of Phytophthora porri Reveals a New Species: Phytophthora brassicae Sp. Nov.

Isozyme analysis and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS-1 and ITS-2) and the 5.8S subunit of the ribosomal DNA gene repeat were used to examine whether isolates of Phytophthora porri from Allium and Brassica represent a single homogeneous species. Twenty-six strains of P. porri, 16 strains isolated from the genus Allium, and 10 strains isolated from the genus Brassica, were analyzed using malate dehydrogenase (MDH), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), represented altogether by four putative loci (Mdh-2, Idh-1, Idh-2, and Ldh-2). Isozyme analysis revealed that strains isolated from Allium contained five private alleles at three isozyme loci (Ldh-2 ⁸³, Ldh-2 ¹⁰⁴, Idh-1 ¹⁰⁸, Idh-1 ¹¹², and Idh-2 ⁹⁸), whereas six different alleles were observed at four isozyme loci (Ldh-2 ⁸⁵, Ldh-2 ¹⁰⁰, Ldh-2 ¹¹⁴, Idh-1 ¹⁰⁰, Idh-2 ¹⁰⁰, and Mdh-2 ¹¹¹) in strains obtained from Brassica. The heterozygosity at the Ldh-2 locus, differing in allele composition, however, between strains from Allium and Brassica, was present in all strains, indicating that it is probably fixed. Sequence analysis of the ITS regions and the 5.8S subunit showed consistent differences between isolates from Allium and isolates from Brassica. Based on isozyme data, ITS sequence analysis and formerly published differences in restriction enzyme patterns of mitochondrial DNA, morphology and pathogenicity, it was concluded that the isolates of P. porri Foister did not represent a homogeneous species. Isolates from Brassica constitute a distinct species which is described here as P. brassicae sp. nov. It was inferred from isozyme patterns, which were in no case intermediate between the two species, that P. porri and P. brassicae do not hybridize and are reproductively isolated by barriers to gene flow.     

重庆市部分地区H5和H7重组禽流感病毒二价灭活苗免疫效果监测

2017年7月7日,农业部决定对全国家禽开展H7亚型流感免疫。为了掌握重组禽流感病毒(H5+H7)二价灭活苗的免疫效果,2017年8—9月,重庆市动物疫病预防控制中心进行了控制性试验和大面积临床监测。控制试验结果表明:首免15 d后,H7亚型禽流感抗体合格率可达70.00%,H5亚型抗体合格率仅为10.00%;首免22 d后,H7亚型禽流感抗体合格率达到93.33%,H5亚型抗体合格率达到60.00%;该疫苗未出现严重免疫副反应;H7亚型禽流感抗体产生的时间早于H5亚型。随机选取5个区县,采集414份免疫血清进行监测。结果显示:二价灭活苗免疫21 d后,H5和H7亚型禽流感抗体平均合格率分别为92.27%和76.00%;5个区县的抗体水平存在差异;蛋鸡抗体水平高于肉鸡。控制试验及临床监测结果提示,该疫苗免疫效果确实,但部分区县仍存在免疫抗体水平不高的养禽场。因此,在新旧疫苗交替使用期间,各地应高度重视高致病性H5和H7亚型禽流感防治工作,尤其是肉鸡。     

气象干旱-水文干旱传播过程特征及其影响因素——以贵州黔中水利工程区为例

为探究喀斯特区域气象干旱向水文干旱传播过程特征,使用SPI与SRI标准化指数识别区域干旱,采用交叉小波、小波相干、状态转移概率等方法探讨传播强度、响应率等干旱传播特征。结果表明:(1)上世纪60 s和70 s气象干旱、水文干旱的干旱持续时间较短,而80 s与21世纪初期区域干旱持续时间较长;SPI与SRI间呈显著的正相关关系,气象干旱向水文干旱传播的过程需要1.5个月。(2)喀斯特区域的干旱传播强度DPI>1,且响应率偏高,水文干旱对气象干旱的发生极为敏感,尤其是在地表切割深度较浅、岩溶发育较为强烈的区域。(3)传播过程主要受地表切割深度的影响较大,各下垫面条件对干旱传播过程的影响程度依次为地表切割深度>岩溶发育强度>高程>地形地貌,其中,干旱传播特征与地表切割深度呈显著的负相关,与岩溶发育强度、高程、地形地貌呈正相关;在浅切割、中等切割或海拔较低、岩溶发育强烈的区域,各等级间的DPI、Rr的转移较为活跃,整体上传播特征在57年间呈增强的趋势。研究结果旨在为区域干旱防治与监测提供理论依据,尤其是为喀斯特生态环境脆弱区的可持续发展规划提供理论参考。     

山东省菏泽市某规模猪场不同猪群伪狂犬病野毒感染情况调查

为了解规模猪场不同猪群的伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)感染情况及场区病毒载量分布特点,在山东省菏泽市某规模猪场,利用实时荧光定量PCR方法,对该猪场不同孕龄母猪、不同阶段生长猪群,以及各生产阶段场区环境,采集猪鼻拭子和场区环境拭子进行PRV-gE核酸检测,并对检测结果进行统计分析.结果显示:在294份猪鼻拭子中,检出42份PR...     

三倍体虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)血细胞发生的形态学研究

观察和测定了三倍体虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)肝脏、脾脏、头肾和外周血液血细胞的发生过程。结果显示:三倍体虹鳟外周血红细胞具有分裂的能力,外周血液是其进一步发育成熟的场所,其进一步发育成熟有核质非同步分裂(核分裂先于质分裂呈双核型)和核质哑铃型同步分裂两种形式。外周血液中未成熟红细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞和粒细胞细胞比例分别为5.81%、4.14%、4.52%和3.38%,其4类未成熟细胞比例明显高于造血器官;外周血液中成熟红细胞为69.6%,与造血器官成熟红细胞的比例无显著差异;外周血中单核细胞、淋巴细胞和粒细胞细胞比例分别为6.60%、4.71%和1.24%,三类细胞比例明显低于造血器官(头肾中单核细胞除外)。     

施肥量对“红阳”猕猴桃产量、品质及氮磷钾含量的影响

探求不同施肥量对猕猴桃产量及品质的影响,以明确最佳施肥量,分析施肥量对猕猴桃氮磷钾含量的影响。以“红阳”猕猴桃为研究对象,猕猴桃萌芽期一次性施入复合肥料0 kg/株（对照）、0.25、0.5、0.75、1 kg/株,研究了不同施肥量对“红阳”猕猴桃产量、品质（包括可溶性固形物、可溶性总糖、可滴定酸、可溶性蛋白、维生素C）及氮磷钾含量的影响。结果表明：（1）施肥可有效提高猕猴桃平均横、纵径,施肥量为0.75、1 kg/株的平均横、纵径与对照差异达到显著水平;不同施肥量均可提高猕猴桃果实平均单果质量,各处理与对照相比,分别提高了15.10%、12.55%、27.21%、13.08%,其中,施肥量为0.75 kg/株的处理与对照差异达到显著水平。（2）施肥能提高猕猴桃果实可溶性固形物、维生素C和可溶性总糖的含量;施肥量为1 kg/株的果实可溶性固形物与空白对照相比差异显著;施肥量为0.5 kg/株的果实维生素C含量最高,达145.29 mg/100 g;施肥量为0.75 kg/株的果实可滴定酸和可溶性总糖含量分别为1.18%和6.04%,均高于其他处理。（3）整个生育期间,猕猴桃果实干物质含...