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Emilio Adrián De Simone José M. BottiniEduardo A. Alvarez MLT Angelina Chiappe Barbará DVM PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element, and its deficiency causes defects in the response of the immune system, affecting the synthesis and secretion of γ-globulins. In this study, we evaluated serum Zn levels in race foals of different age categories to establish the relationship between subnormal values of Zn and decreased levels of γ-globulins. Decreased γ-globulin levels were accompanied by total protein and albumin serum levels that were within the normal range for the species. Serum Zn was measured in 304 foals (aged between 8 and 24 months), which were classified into three categories (weaning, yearling, and 2 years). The albumin/globulin ratio was 1.28 ± 0.2964 in the normal Zn group and 2.185 ± 0.818 (P < .001) in the low Zn group. Hypogammaglobulinemia was found to be more frequent in the yearling and in the 2-year-old category animals (P < .001 low Zn vs. normal Zn). 相似文献
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Role of Endothelium and Nitric Oxide in the Response of Equine Colonic Arterial Rings to Vasoconstrictor Agents 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
CHANGARAM S. VENUGOPALAN BVSC PhD RUSTIN M. MOORE DVM PhD Dipiomate ACVS EARNESTINE P. HOLMES BS MLT STEVEN A. SEDRISH MS DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(3):182-188
Objective- To determine the in vitro contractile responses of equine colonic arteries to angiotensin II, histamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, prostaglandin F2α, vasopressin, and a thromboxane-B2-analogue. Study Design- The tension generated in colonic arterial rings placed in organ baths with oxygenated Tyrode's solution at 37°C after exposure to the previously mentioned chemical agents was measured using force-transducers interfaced with a polygraph. Sample Population- Large colon arterial rings collected from eight horses. Methods- The rings were allowed to equilibrate for 45 minutes after applying 2 g tension. Bath solution was replaced and tension reapplied at 15-minute intervals. Cumulative-concentration-responses were determined for concentrations ranging from 10-8M to 10-4M on three vessel groups namely endothelium intact, endothelium denuded, and L-NAME treated. The maximal response for each vessel was considered as 100%; responses to lower concentrations were calculated as a percentage of the maximum. The EC50 value was determined for each concentration-response relationship of each agent. Results- Vessels with denuded endothelium or those incubated with L-NAME had greater contractile responses. Angiotensin, histamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine produced greater maximal responses than the other agents. Endothelium denuded rings had lower EC50 values. Responses to norepinephrine and serotonin were affected less by denudation. Conclusion- Endothelium plays an important role in modulating responses of colonic arterial rings to contractile agents. Endothelium-derived vasodilators, other than nitric oxide, may modulate contractile responses of equine colonic arteries. Clinical Relevance- Endothelial damage associated with colonic vovulus may be a major factor for sustained reduced perfusion after surgical correction. 相似文献
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