IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—HYPEROSTOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH MENINGIOMA IN A DOG

A 5-year-old neutered male Beagle mix dog had a 5-day history of generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Before the seizures, the dog had a 1-2-month history of progressive right hemiparesis. In computed tomography images, a presumed extraaxial mass with hyperostosis and destruction of the skull covering the mass were identified. Surgical excision was performed and the histopathologic diagnosis was meningioma. Hyperostosis is frequently associated with feline meningioma, but this report documents that hyperostosis may also occur secondary to meningioma in the dog.     

Behaviour of alkyl oleates following foliar application in relation to their influence on the penetration of phenmedipham and quizalofop-P-ethyl

The foliar penetration of four alkyl oleates (methyl to butyl) and their influence on the penetration of phenmedipham and quizalofop-P-ethyl was studied in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), cleavers ( Galium aparine L.) and pea ( Pisum sativum L.). Loss of alkyl oleates from glass and plant surfaces was inversely related to the length of the alkyl chains and was assumed to be due to volatilization. All four alkyl oleates after application alone, readily penetrated into pea and barley leaves but much less into G. aparine . Penetration of methyl oleate appeared to be faster than that of butyl oleate. Both alkyl oleates were completely metabolized in barley and pea in 27 h, but not in G. aparine . The penetration of herbicides was from 2% to 10% in the absence of alkyl oleates. The penetration of phenmedipham was increased in the presence of all four aikyl oleates: to the greatest extent into pea (55-80% after 27 h), to the lowest into G. aparine (20-45%). In all three species, the effect of butyl oleate was higher than that of methyl oleate. The penetration of quizalofop-P-ethyl was increased to 10%, 30-35% and 50% on G. aparine , pea and barley respectively. The length of the alkyl chains did not influence the effects of the alkyl oleates on the foliar penetration of quizalofop-P-ethyl.     

Habitat utilisation,growth and predation of Cucumaria frondosa: implications for an emerging sea cucumber fishery

Abstract Biological traits of the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa (Gunnerus) relevant to both ecological and management perspectives were investigated in the Newfoundland region. Abundance, size and fitness of adults were maximal on hard substrates. Larvae settled ～5 weeks post‐spawning and juveniles reached a maximum length of 6 mm after 24 months. Additional size classes of sea cucumbers kept under natural environmental conditions exhibited slow seasonal growth attuned to phytoplankton blooms, indicating that ～25 years may be required to reach market size. Juveniles of the predator sea star Solaster endeca (L.) readily fed upon 1.5‐2 mm long sea cucumbers. Predation rates on adult C. frondosa by adult S. endeca were modulated by temperature and biased towards injured specimens, suggesting that trawling may exacerbate predation pressure. The combination of slow growth and high predatory pressure enhanced by fishing activities emphasises the need for precautionary management of this emerging fishery in Atlantic Canada.