East Meets West: An Eastern Perspective of Aquaculture 1

The East or perhaps a better term, Asia, is both a major producer and consumer of aquacultural products. Yet with a long history in the field of aquaculture, most countries have made little or no progress in the techniques and methods applied in this field. The Asian needs for aquaculture are also more basic in that aquaculture provides a cheap source of protein for the malnourished and undernourished populations. Development may be significantly affected by the wide income gap existing in these countries, by inequalities in educational quality and opportunity, and by social factors such as religion, taboos, or tradition. But on the whole, a better life for many of Asia's people may possibly be found in the development of its aquaculture potential.     

提高果品品质的途径和措施

本文从品种、生态条件、栽培技术和采后商品化处理等方面分析了对果品品质的影响,提出了选用优良品种、坚持"适地适栽"、加强栽培管理和采后商品化处理等提高果品品质的途径及相应的对策和措施.     

Effects of fat supplementation on plasma glucose,insulin and fatty acid analysis in ponies maintained on a forage‐based diet

The objective of this study was to observe how fat incorporated into an equine forage‐based diet through supplementation altered levels of plasma glucose, insulin and fatty acids. Five Shetland/Hackney cross pony mares were fed alfalfa pellet diets top dressed with commercially available vegetable oil (blend of soya bean, canola and corn oils) at 0%, 5%, 10% or 15% of diet. Ponies were randomly assigned one of four diets to start, with a 14‐day adjustment period between transitioning to another one of the four diets. Ponies were gradually adapted to the new diet within the 14‐day period before a five‐day trial period. Each pony received all four diets by the end of the study. Each trial was a five‐day period with a three‐day sample collection. Blood samples for each collection week were taken 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 and 270 min and at 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 hr post‐feeding. Excess fat did not impact plasma glucose (p > .1), nor did it affect blood plasma insulin concentration. While there was no time alteration found for plasma fatty acid concentration (p > .1), C14:0 increased when ponies were fed 0% fat and C18:2 decreased when ponies were fed 0% fat. Plasma fatty acids (% of total FA) were higher in C18:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C20:1 in the added fat diets (p < .1). These findings suggest the amounts reported in this study of fat supplementation on a forage‐based diet did influence the fatty acid analysis within the pony, but did not negatively impact blood glucose and insulin concentrations.     

引诱剂对蜜柑大实蝇的诱捕效果

本文报道了采用国际通用的监测技术,利用橘小实蝇、瓜实蝇、地中海实蝇引诱剂和水解蛋白诱饵,在广西凭祥市确定存在蜜柑大实蝇的果园开展了针对性的诱捕;诱捕结果表明,瓜实蝇引诱剂和水解蛋白诱饵能够诱捕到蜜柑大实蝇成虫,且水解蛋白诱饵比瓜实蝇引诱剂诱捕效果好.     

利用绿色荧光蛋白GFP研究稻瘟病菌与水稻的互作

稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe oryzae严重威胁水稻的产量与质量,明确稻瘟病菌与水稻互作过程及机理,对防治稻瘟病具有重要意义。本研究利用稻瘟病菌常用致病菌株GUY11和ZB25,构建了绿色荧光蛋白GFP的过量表达菌株,并通过荧光显微观察菌株侵染寄主水稻过程中侵染结构的形成与发育,包括孢子萌发、附着胞形成、侵染钉形成、侵染菌丝增殖、坏死斑形成及产孢。另外,通过比较过量表达菌株对稻瘟病高抗水稻和易感水稻的侵染过程,发现侵染过程的差异主要集中于侵染钉的穿透和侵染菌丝的定殖。本研究为分析稻瘟病菌对寄主水稻的定殖规律提供了一种有效工具。     

基于Landsat的高山松地上生物量动态变化估测模型构建

以香格里拉市高山松为研究对象,基于1987—2017年的国家森林资源清查固定样地和对应年的Landsat TM/OLI数据提取对应的遥感因子,计算30 a期间生物量和遥感因子的5、10 a定期变化量、年平均变化量、5、10 a变化率;采用多元线性回归（MLR）和随机森林（RF）方法构建地上生物量模型,提高高山松森林AGB动态变化遥感估测的精度。结果表明：基于5种变化量类型的RF模型效果均优于相应的MLR模型,RF模型中采用5 a变化率效果最好,其拟合R²为0.956,RMSE为0.664 t/(hm²·a),预测结果中RMSE为2.285 t/(hm²·a);纹理因子在高山松地上生物量变化量建模中贡献最大。采用遥感因子变化率构建的高山松地上生物量动态变化估测模型,提高了生物量变化的估测精度,可为森林地上生物量的动态估测研究提供参考。     

茄子及其近缘野生种AFLP分析体系的建立

本文以若干茄子自交系及其近缘野生种为材料,从DNA提取、酶切连接、预扩和选扩等几方面进行选择优化,建立起高效稳定的AFLP分析体系;从64对AFLP引物组合筛选出多态性好的引物组合38对,栽培种茄子和野生种托鲁巴姆间多态性高达68.5%.本实验室正以本AFLP分析体系开展茄子资源遗传多样性、青枯病抗性基因分子标记等遗传分析研究工作.     

浅析环境美学对当代园林的启示

在21世纪的美学发展中,环境美学的兴起引起了国际上对"非西方美学"智慧的普遍关注。本文从环境艺术的兴起与园林发展方面论述环境艺术对园林发展的影响与作用。伴随着全球化的进程,环境美学的发展已经成为沟通东西方文化,构建"全球意蕴"的新的园林美学形态的一条新路。