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Sodium selenite was mixed in a commercial pig food so as to increase the original selenium content (0.126 ppm) by 1.2 ppm. The supplemented food was given to 7 pigs during 78 days. A control group of as many pigs was given the non-supplemented commercial food. The pigs were killed, starting 4 hours after the last selenium-supplemented food had been given and then with intervals during the next 14 days. Small but significant increases of tissue selenium were noticed in liver and striated muscle as compared with the control animals. The kidneys showed no increase.  相似文献   
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Effects of adding different concentrations of melatonin (10?7, 10?9 and 10?11 M) to maturation (Experiment 1; Control, IVM  + 10?7, IVM  + 10?9, IVM  + 10?11) and culture media (Experiment 2; Control, IVC  + 10?7, IVC  + 10?9, IVC  + 10?11) were evaluated on in vitro bovine embryonic development. The optimal concentration of melatonin (10?9 M) from Experiments 1–2 was tested in both maturation and/or culture media of Experiment 3 (Control, IVM  + 10?9, IVC  + 10?9, IVM /IVC  + 10?9). In Experiment 1, maturated oocytes from Control and IVM  + 10?9 treatments showed increased glutathione content, mitochondrial membrane potential and percentage of Grade I blastocysts (40.6% and 43%, respectively). In Experiment 2, an increase in the percentage of Grade I blastocysts was detected in IVC  + 10?7 (43.5%; 56.7%) and IVC  + 10?9 (47.4%; 57.4%). Moreover, a lower number and percentage of apoptotic cells in blastocysts were observed in the IVC  + 10?9 group compared to Control (3.8 ± 0.6; 3.6% versus 6.1 ± 0.6; 5.3%). In Experiment 3, the IVC  + 10?9 treatment increased percentage of Grade I blastocysts with a lower number of apoptotic cells compared to IVM /IVC  + 10?9 group (52.6%; 3.0 ± 0.5 versus 46.0%; 5.4 ± 1.0). The IVC  + 10?9 treatment also had a higher mRNA expression of antioxidant gene (SOD 2) compared to the Control, as well as the heat shock protein (HSPB 1) compared to the IVM  + 10?9. Reactive oxygen species production was greater in the IVM /IVC  + 10?9 treatment group. In conclusion, the 10?9 M concentration of melatonin and the in vitro production phase in which it is used directly affected embryonic development and quality.  相似文献   
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LANNEK, BIRGITTA and PAUL LINDBERG: Toxicity of halogenated oxyquinolines in dogs. A clinical study. III. Intoxication experiments. Acta vet. scand. 1974, 15, 398–418. — Oxyquinoline drugs, which are normally well tolerated by dogs, will cause disease when a dog’s resistance is occasionally lowered. In a series of experiments in dogs we tried to reproduce the disease pattern of spontaneous cases of poisoning. Most of these experiments, using even high single or repeated oral doses, failed. It was observed, more or less by chance, that the intestinal absorption of 125I-labelled vioform was greatly increased when the dog was not fasted. The consumption of fat, but not of protein or carbohydrates, was found to be the responsible factor. When the oxyquinoline drug was given in a fat emulsion, approx. 1/3 of the dogs fell ill. When fouled fish was also added, the dose necessary to produce disease was lowered to the range used in vioform therapy. We believe that phenolic substances, which may be produced from bacterial degradation of proteins in intestinal disorders, compete with oxyquinolines in metabolic and elimination processes.vioform; oxyquinolines; dogs; convulsions; heart injury; liver injury; poisoning; diarrhoea; phenolic substances.  相似文献   
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) hyoscine premedication on physiologic variables following IV administration of medetomidine in horses.Study designRandomized, crossover experimental study.AnimalsEight healthy crossbred horses weighing 330 ± 39 kg and aged 7 ± 4 years.MethodsBaseline measurements of heart rate (HR), cardiac index (CI), respiratory rate, systemic vascular resistance (SVR), percentage of patients with second degree atrioventricular (2oAV) block, mean arterial pressure (MAP), pH, and arterial partial pressures of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and oxygen (PaO2) were obtained 5 minutes before administration of IV hyoscine (0.14 mg kg?1; group HIV), IM hyoscine (0.3 mg kg?1; group HIM), or an equal volume of physiologic saline IV (group C). Five minutes later, medetomidine (7.5 μg kg?1) was administered IV and measurements were recorded at various time points for 130 minutes.ResultsMedetomidine induced bradycardia, 2oAV blocks and increased SVR immediately after administration, without significant changes in CI or MAP in C. Hyoscine administration induced tachycardia and hypertension, and decreased the percentage of 2oAV blocks induced by medetomidine. Peak HR and MAP were higher in HIV than HIM at 88 ± 18 beats minute?1 and 241 ± 37 mmHg versus 65 ± 16 beats minute?1 and 192 ± 38 mmHg, respectively. CI was increased significantly in HIV (p ≤ 0.05). Respiratory rate decreased significantly in all groups during the recording period. pH, PaCO2 and PaO2 were not significantly changed by administration of medetomidine with or without hyoscine.Conclusion and clinical relevanceHyoscine administered IV or IM before medetomidine in horses resulted in tachycardia and hypertension under the conditions of this study. The significance of these changes, and responses to other dose rates, requires further investigation.  相似文献   
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Use of sodium monoiodoacetate to fuse the distal hock joints in horses   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
SUMMARY Intra-articular injection of sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA) was investigated as an agent for chemical arthrodesis of the distal hock joints in the horse. Five horses diagnosed with either spavin (three horses), a small tarsal bone fracture or a failed surgical arthrodesis, had 150 mg of MIA injected into the tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint of the affected hock(s). Eight joints were treated in the five horses. Follow-up evaluation by clinical and radiological examination took place over 9 to 14 months. Two of the five horses were sound at the conclusion of the study and one horse, although lame after flexion, was considered by the owner to have been treated successfully. One of eight TMT joints showed complete radiographic fusion. Complications after treatment included pain, chronic lameness and swelling. It was concluded that chemical arthrodesis using this technique can not be recommended as being a superior treatment as compared with surgical arthrodesis at this time but is deserving of further clinical evaluation.  相似文献   
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Wateriness and a pale colour seriously impair the quality of pork and have given rise to an extensive literature (cf. 1). No reports have appeared, however, on the effects of physical training of the pigs.  相似文献   
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