内蒙古东北部近十年耕地面积变化及评价

近十年内蒙古东北部额尔古纳市、科右前旗、东乌珠穆沁旗等２４ 个旗市耕地面积增加了５１．０４％ ,由此产生了显著的经济、社会效益。不仅缓解了人均耕地逐年下降的趋势而且满足了林区、工矿、城镇的商品粮需求。但是耕地大幅增加是以开垦大量草地为代价,使部分自然生态环境脆弱地区生态失调,影响了合理利用土地资源和可持续利用土地目标的实现     

中国绒山羊业的发展现状与趋势分析

绒山羊业是我国畜牧业中的一项重要产业,我国有着丰富的绒山羊品种资源,随着国内外对绒山羊制品需求量的不断增加,我国绒山羊业的发展地位得到了广泛的认可.就目前中国绒山羊的发展现状及产销情况进行了综述,并对我国绒山羊业的发展趋势进行了分析.     

Amino Acids Composition and Nutrient Value Analysis of Muscle in Black Angus Raised in Ujinmqin grassland

This experiment was aimed to analyze the amino acids composition and nutrient value of Black Angus raised in Ujinmqin grassland and provide basic data for feeding,cross breeding,and meat quality evaluation.Highrib,tenderloin,ribeye,nates meat,topside,shoulder clod and brisket samples were collected from seven Australian imported Black Angus raised in Ujinmqin grassland with 500 kg?38 kg body weight.The content and composition of amino acids were determined and then nutritent value were analyzed using FAO/WHO amino acids pattern.The results showed that the moisture and crude fat of samples were 68.73% and 30.56%.There were total 17 kinds of amino acids were determined in the samples and UAA,SAA and BAA were abundant.The ratios of these three abundant amino acids to total amino acid (TAA) were 25.8%,32.7% and 41.6%,respectively.The EAA content,EAA/TAA,EAA/NEAA and the EAA scores were all higher than FAO/WHO amino acids pattern.The amino acids content of ribeye,tenderloin and highrib were higher than that of other parts of muscle.In conclusion,the meat of Black Angus raised in Ujinmqin grassland had abundant composition and high content of amino acids,which were able to provide enough nutrient elements for human beings.     

Safety Analysis and Evaluation of Animal Fat and Vegetable Oil

Animal fat had long been considered as the main reason of raising cholesterol level in serum, and causing arteriosclerosis.Therefore, animal fat was replaced by vegetable oil as major edible oil.With large amount of vegetable oil was consumed, there was a huge impact on processing and selling of animal products.However, many diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and allergy had gradually threaten the people's health.People began to focus on edible oil and started to find causes of diseases.In this paper we contrasted the physiological effects of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids on animal fat with vegetable oil, moreover, studied the significance of two types oil's radio of (n-6)/(n-3), and proved the vegetable oil contains trace harmful factor.By providing valuable data, vegetable oil was proved to generate environmental hormone and trans-fatty acids through hydrogenation, which the environmental hormone could cause a decreasing in male sperm and neurological abnormalities, and the trans-fatty acids could cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Its proved that animal fat was not contain harmful trace factors and generate hormonelike substances.Under the low caloric diet condition, saturated fatty acid would not cause illness.Therefore, this article proved that animal fat was more safety than vegetable oil within the scope of normal human daily intake of edible oil.     

乌珠穆沁草原饲养黑安格斯肉牛肌内脂肪酸组成的分析研究

试验旨在分析研究乌珠穆沁草原饲养澳大利亚黑安格斯肉牛肌内脂肪酸含量和组成,为今后该品种的饲养改良、杂交繁育及肉品质的提高提供科学的基础数据.试验采集7头体重为(500±38)kg澳大利亚黑安格斯肉牛的里脊、臀肉、肩肉、眼肉、上脑、胸肉和米龙等不同部位肉样,采用简单高效脂肪酸提取方法,用气相色谱仪测定脂肪酸组成与含量,并与FAO/WHO推荐值比较,进行脂肪酸营养价值分析.结果表明黑安格斯肉牛不同部位牛肉中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量由多到少顺序为里脊、上脑、眼肉、肩肉、胸肉、臀肉及米龙,皆以棕榈酸和硬脂酸含量为主;单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)中油酸含量最高;检出的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)多为亚油酸和亚麻酸;臀肉P/S和M/S最高,n-3/n-6 PUFAs比值达到0.85,接近FAO/WHO推荐值.以上结果表明乌珠穆沁草原饲养的黑安格斯肉牛的肉质风味良好,有较高的营养价值.     

Analysis of Intramuscular Fatty Acids Composition of Black Angus Beef Raised in Ujinmqin Grassland

Intramuscular fatty acids content and composition of Australian imported Black Angus beef raised in Ujinmqin grassland were analysised in this experiment to provide basic data for future breeding,crossbreeding,and meat quality evaluation.Target samples were taken of tenderloin,nates,shoulder clod,ribloin,highrib,brisket and topside from seven Black Angus beef which were Australian imported and raised in Ujinmqin grassland,with mean weights of (500±38)kg.The high efficient fatty acids extraction method and gas chromatograph (GC) were used to determine the content and composition of intramuscular fatty acids.Then the resuls were compared with FAO/WHO recommended values.The results showed that,the SFA content in target samples of Black Angus beef followed from high to low as:tenderloin,highrib,ribloin,shoulder clod,brisket,nates,topside.Moreover,majorities of intramuscular fatty acids composition were palmitic acid and stearic acid.The most highest content in MUFA was oleic acid;large amount of linoleic acid and linolenic acid were found in PUFA;The highest ratio of P/S and M/S were shown in nates,and the ratio of n-3/n-6 was 0.85.It was concluded that the meat of Australian imported Black Angus beef raised in Ujinmqin grassland had good flavor and high nutritive value.     

牛乳中尿素氮的测定

本研究采用尿素氮测定仪对牛乳中尿素氮（简称乳尿素氮）进行测定,并对乳尿素氮与乳脂率、乳蛋白率和体细胞数等关系进行了分析。乳尿素氮在奶牛营养方面反映了奶牛个体摄入的蛋白和能量的平衡情况,并且与奶牛泌乳、繁殖性能以及氮的排泄等有很大关系。乳尿素氮的测定具有取样方便、对奶牛无应激、测定结果稳定等优点,已逐渐成为DHI项目中必不可少的一项。     

不同植被类型对毛乌素沙地土壤有机碳的影响

通过对比分析毛乌素沙地9种主要植被类型样地中的土壤有机碳含量和密度及其在土壤剖面上的分布差异,研究了不同植被类型对毛乌素沙地土壤有机碳的影响。结果表明,0~80 cm深度的土壤有机碳密度与平均土壤有机碳含量的大小关系均为:马蔺群落>芨芨草群落>旱柳群落>固定沙地油蒿群落>沙柳群落>半固定沙地油蒿群落>农田>中间锦鸡儿群落>流动沙地。随着土层加深,固定沙地油蒿群落、中间锦鸡儿群落、旱柳群落、芨芨草群落、马蔺群落和农田的有机碳含量均显著增加,而半固定沙地油蒿群落、流动沙地、沙柳群落的土壤有机碳含量随土层加深逐渐减少。各植被类型土壤有机碳密度在土壤剖面上的垂直分布格局和有机碳含量相似,但二者变化幅度不同。在流动沙地上进行植被建设有助于土壤固碳,且油蒿群落和沙柳群落的固碳效果较好。应尽量减少和避免强烈的人为干扰,以防止浅层土壤碳发生变化,维持土壤碳库稳定。     

犬的妊娠期内分泌

犬的生殖机制与其他动物不同,其主要特征包括:卵子成熟发生在排卵后、胚胎附植延迟、血清中孕酮浓度在排卵前升高、孕犬和非孕犬血清孕酮浓度相近、犬妊娠特征蛋白缺乏并能产生胎盘外松弛素等。由于血浆中孕酮浓度无法反映黄体功能和孕酮的新陈代谢,因此,犬的妊娠调节机制尚未完全探明。对在犬妊娠期发挥主要作用的激素及其对内分泌的影响等相关研究现状进行了综述,旨在为阐明犬的妊娠期内分泌调控机制提供理论基础。     

胆固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1基因对高寒草原饲养西门塔尔牛血液脂肪酸组成的影响

本试验旨在研究胆固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1(SREBP?1)基因对高寒草原饲养西门塔尔牛血液脂肪酸组成的影响,为其今后繁育中优良遗传基因的保留提供基础数据.试验使用血液样品来自高寒草原饲养的30头18月龄澳洲进口纯种西门塔尔公牛.利用气相色谱-质谱联用法测定血液脂肪酸组成和含量,实时荧光定量PCR测定血液SREBP?1基...